188 research outputs found
Taylor-newton homotopy method for computing the depth of flow rate for a channel
Homotopy approximation methods (HAM) can be considered as one of the new methods belong to the general classification of the computational methods which can be used to find the numerical solution of many types of the problems in science and engineering. The general problem relates to the flow and the depth of water in open channels such as rivers and canals is a nonlinear algebraic equation which is known as continuity equation. The solution of this equation is the
depth of the water. This paper represents attempt to solve the equation of depth and flow using Newton homotopy based on Taylor series. Numerical example is given to show the
effectiveness of the purposed method using MATLAB language
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Novel Computing Paradigms using Oscillators
This dissertation is concerned with new ways of using oscillators to perform computational tasks. Specifically, it introduces methods for building finite state machines (for general-purpose Boolean computation) as well as Ising machines (for solving combinatorial optimization problems) using coupled oscillator networks.But firstly, why oscillators? Why use them for computation?An important reason is simply that oscillators are fascinating. Coupled oscillator systems often display intriguing synchronization phenomena where spontaneous patterns arise. From the synchronous flashing of fireflies to Huygens' clocks ticking in unison, from the molecular mechanism of circadian rhythms to the phase patterns in oscillatory neural circuits, the observation and study of synchronization in coupled oscillators has a long and rich history. Engineers across many disciplines have also taken inspiration from these phenomena, e.g., to design high-performance radio frequency communication circuits and optical lasers. To be able to contribute to the study of coupled oscillators and leverage them in novel paradigms of computing is without question an interesting andfulfilling quest in and of itself.Moreover, as Moore's Law nears its limits, new computing paradigms that are different from mere conventional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) scaling have become an important area of exploration. One broad direction aims to improve CMOS performance using device technology such as fin field-effect transistors (FinFET) and gate-all-around (GAA) FETs. Other new computing schemes are based on non-CMOS material and device technology, e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes, memristive devices, optical devices, etc.. Another growing trend in both academia and industry is to build digital application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) suitable for speeding up certain computational tasks, often leveraging the parallel nature of unconventional non-von Neumann architectures. These schemes seek to circumvent the limitations posed at the device level through innovations at the system/architecture level.Our work on oscillator-based computation represents a direction that is different from the above and features several points of novelty and attractiveness. Firstly, it makes meaningful use of nonlinear dynamical phenomena to tackle well-defined computational tasks that span analog and digital domains. It also differs from conventional computational systems at the fundamental logic encoding level, using timing/phase of oscillation as opposed to voltage levels to represent logic values. These differences bring about several advantages. The change of logic encoding scheme has several device- and system-level benefits related to noise immunity and interference resistance. The use of nonlinear oscillator dynamics allows our systems to address problems difficult for conventional digital computation. Furthermore, our schemes are amenable to realizations using almost all types of oscillators, allowing a wide variety of devices from multiple physical domains to serve as the substrate for computing. This ability to leverage emerging multiphysics devices need not put off the realization of our ideas far into the future. Instead, implementations using well-established circuit technology are already both practical and attractive.This work also differs from all past work on oscillator-based computing, which mostly focuses on specialized image preprocessing tasks, such as edge detection, image segmentation and pattern recognition. Perhaps its most unique feature is that our systems use transitions between analog and digital modes of operation --- unlike other existing schemes that simply couple oscillators and let their phases settle to a continuum of values, we use a special type of injection locking to make each oscillator settle to one of the several well-defined multistable phase-locked states, which we use to encode logic values for computation. Our schemes of oscillator-based Boolean and Ising computation are built upon this digitization of phase; they expand the scope of oscillator-based computing significantly.Our ideas are built on years of past research in the modelling, simulation and analysis of oscillators. While there is a considerable amount of literature (arguably since Christiaan Huygens wrote about his observation of synchronized pendulum clocks in the 17th century) analyzing the synchronization phenomenon from different perspectives at different levels, we have been able to further develop the theory of injection locking, connecting the dots to find a path of analysis that starts from the low-level differential equations of individual oscillators and arrives at phase-based models and energy landscapes of coupled oscillator systems. This theoretical scaffolding is able not only to explain the operation of oscillator-based systems, but also to serve as the basis for simulation and design tools. Building on this, we explore the practical design of our proposed systems, demonstrate working prototypes, as well as develop the techniques, tools and methodologies essential for the process
Development of Advanced Verification and Validation Procedures and Tools for the Certification of Learning Systems in Aerospace Applications
Adaptive control technologies that incorporate learning algorithms have been proposed to enable automatic flight control and vehicle recovery, autonomous flight, and to maintain vehicle performance in the face of unknown, changing, or poorly defined operating environments. In order for adaptive control systems to be used in safety-critical aerospace applications, they must be proven to be highly safe and reliable. Rigorous methods for adaptive software verification and validation must be developed to ensure that control system software failures will not occur. Of central importance in this regard is the need to establish reliable methods that guarantee convergent learning, rapid convergence (learning) rate, and algorithm stability. This paper presents the major problems of adaptive control systems that use learning to improve performance. The paper then presents the major procedures and tools presently developed or currently being developed to enable the verification, validation, and ultimate certification of these adaptive control systems. These technologies include the application of automated program analysis methods, techniques to improve the learning process, analytical methods to verify stability, methods to automatically synthesize code, simulation and test methods, and tools to provide on-line software assurance
Memristors
This Edited Volume Memristors - Circuits and Applications of Memristor Devices is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of Engineering. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the physical sciences, engineering, and technology research areas. All chapters are complete in itself but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on physical sciences, engineering, and technology,and open new possible research paths for further novel developments
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