44,380 research outputs found
Towards memory supporting personal information management tools
In this article we discuss re-retrieving personal information objects and relate the task to recovering from lapse(s) in memory. We propose that fundamentally it is lapses in memory that impede users from successfully re-finding the information they need. Our hypothesis is that by learning more about memory lapses in non-computing contexts and how people cope and recover from these lapses, we can better inform the design of PIM tools and improve the user's ability to re-access and re-use objects. We describe a diary study that investigates the everyday memory problems of 25 people from a wide range of backgrounds. Based on the findings, we present a series of principles that we hypothesize will improve the design of personal information management tools. This hypothesis is validated by an evaluation of a tool for managing personal photographs, which was designed with respect to our findings. The evaluation suggests that users' performance when re-finding objects can be improved by building personal information management tools to support characteristics of human memory
Information scraps: how and why information eludes our personal information management tools
In this paper we describe information scraps -- a class of personal information whose content is scribbled on Post-it notes, scrawled on corners of random sheets of paper, buried inside the bodies of e-mail messages sent to ourselves, or typed haphazardly into text files. Information scraps hold our great ideas, sketches, notes, reminders, driving directions, and even our poetry. We define information scraps to be the body of personal information that is held outside of its natural or We have much still to learn about these loose forms of information capture. Why are they so often held outside of our traditional PIM locations and instead on Post-its or in text files? Why must we sometimes go around our traditional PIM applications to hold on to our scraps, such as by e-mailing ourselves? What are information scraps' role in the larger space of personal information management, and what do they uniquely offer that we find so appealing? If these unorganized bits truly indicate the failure of our PIM tools, how might we begin to build better tools? We have pursued these questions by undertaking a study of 27 knowledge workers. In our findings we describe information scraps from several angles: their content, their location, and the factors that lead to their use, which we identify as ease of capture, flexibility of content and organization, and avilability at the time of need. We also consider the personal emotive responses around scrap management. We present a set of design considerations that we have derived from the analysis of our study results. We present our work on an application platform, jourknow, to test some of these design and usability findings
A Potentiality and Conceptuality Interpretation of Quantum Physics
We elaborate on a new interpretation of quantum mechanics which we introduced
recently. The main hypothesis of this new interpretation is that quantum
particles are entities interacting with matter conceptually, which means that
pieces of matter function as interfaces for the conceptual content carried by
the quantum particles. We explain how our interpretation was inspired by our
earlier analysis of non-locality as non-spatiality and a specific
interpretation of quantum potentiality, which we illustrate by means of the
example of two interconnected vessels of water. We show by means of this
example that philosophical realism is not in contradiction with the recent
findings with respect to Leggett's inequalities and their violations. We
explain our recent work on using the quantum formalism to model human concepts
and their combinations and how this has given rise to the foundational ideas of
our new quantum interpretation. We analyze the equivalence of meaning in the
realm of human concepts and coherence in the realm of quantum particles, and
how the duality of abstract and concrete leads naturally to a Heisenberg
uncertainty relation. We illustrate the role played by interference and
entanglement and show how the new interpretation explains the problems related
to identity and individuality in quantum mechanics. We put forward a possible
scenario for the emergence of the reality of macroscopic objects.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
Quantum Theory and Conceptuality: Matter, Stories, Semantics and Space-Time
We elaborate the new interpretation of quantum theory that we recently
proposed, according to which quantum particles are considered conceptual
entities mediating between pieces of ordinary matter which are considered to
act as memory structures for them. Our aim is to identify what is the
equivalent for the human cognitive realm of what physical space-time is for the
realm of quantum particles and ordinary matter. For this purpose, we identify
the notion of 'story' as the equivalent within the human cognitive realm of
what ordinary matter is in the physical quantum realm, and analyze the role
played by the logical connectives of disjunction and conjunction with respect
to the notion of locality. Similarly to what we have done in earlier
investigations on this new quantum interpretation, we use the specific
cognitive environment of the World-Wide Web to elucidate the comparisons we
make between the human cognitive realm and the physical quantum realm.Comment: 14 page
Report on the Information Retrieval Festival (IRFest2017)
The Information Retrieval Festival took place in April 2017 in Glasgow. The focus of the workshop was to bring together IR researchers from the various Scottish universities and beyond in order to facilitate more awareness, increased interaction and reflection on the status of the field and its future. The program included an industry session, research talks, demos and posters as well as two keynotes. The first keynote was delivered by Prof. Jaana Kekalenien, who provided a historical, critical reflection of realism in Interactive Information Retrieval Experimentation, while the second keynote was delivered by Prof. Maarten de Rijke, who argued for more Artificial Intelligence usage in IR solutions and deployments. The workshop was followed by a "Tour de Scotland" where delegates were taken from Glasgow to Aberdeen for the European Conference in Information Retrieval (ECIR 2017
Why People Search for Images using Web Search Engines
What are the intents or goals behind human interactions with image search
engines? Knowing why people search for images is of major concern to Web image
search engines because user satisfaction may vary as intent varies. Previous
analyses of image search behavior have mostly been query-based, focusing on
what images people search for, rather than intent-based, that is, why people
search for images. To date, there is no thorough investigation of how different
image search intents affect users' search behavior.
In this paper, we address the following questions: (1)Why do people search
for images in text-based Web image search systems? (2)How does image search
behavior change with user intent? (3)Can we predict user intent effectively
from interactions during the early stages of a search session? To this end, we
conduct both a lab-based user study and a commercial search log analysis.
We show that user intents in image search can be grouped into three classes:
Explore/Learn, Entertain, and Locate/Acquire. Our lab-based user study reveals
different user behavior patterns under these three intents, such as first click
time, query reformulation, dwell time and mouse movement on the result page.
Based on user interaction features during the early stages of an image search
session, that is, before mouse scroll, we develop an intent classifier that is
able to achieve promising results for classifying intents into our three intent
classes. Given that all features can be obtained online and unobtrusively, the
predicted intents can provide guidance for choosing ranking methods immediately
after scrolling
Performance Evaluation of Malaysian University Website
In recent years, many people have devoted their efforts to the issue of Web site performance. Web performance testing can be divided into many categories. It is usually performed in different aspects such as user interface, functionality, interface compatibility, load/stress, and security. This research investigates Malaysian university performance of the website under the World Wide Web environment. In the World Wide Web environment, we measure real data and obtain response time via the evaluation procedure. This research conducts some tests to measure the performance of a web site via a website test. To get results on the performance of a Web site, we measure some data from the calculate page size, composition, and download time, markup validation ,number of broken link, and number of link connected to the site. Based on the observation result indicates that web sites performance of the Malaysian University website is relatively low compared to world class university website
Current Challenges and Visions in Music Recommender Systems Research
Music recommender systems (MRS) have experienced a boom in recent years,
thanks to the emergence and success of online streaming services, which
nowadays make available almost all music in the world at the user's fingertip.
While today's MRS considerably help users to find interesting music in these
huge catalogs, MRS research is still facing substantial challenges. In
particular when it comes to build, incorporate, and evaluate recommendation
strategies that integrate information beyond simple user--item interactions or
content-based descriptors, but dig deep into the very essence of listener
needs, preferences, and intentions, MRS research becomes a big endeavor and
related publications quite sparse.
The purpose of this trends and survey article is twofold. We first identify
and shed light on what we believe are the most pressing challenges MRS research
is facing, from both academic and industry perspectives. We review the state of
the art towards solving these challenges and discuss its limitations. Second,
we detail possible future directions and visions we contemplate for the further
evolution of the field. The article should therefore serve two purposes: giving
the interested reader an overview of current challenges in MRS research and
providing guidance for young researchers by identifying interesting, yet
under-researched, directions in the field
Narcissus to a Man: Lifelogging, Technology and the Normativity of Truth
The growth of the practice of lifelogging, exploiting the capabilities provided by the exponential increase in computer storage, and using technologies such as SenseCam as well as location-based services, Web 2.0, social networking and photo-sharing sites, has led to a growing sense of unease, articulated in books such as Mayer-Schönberger's Delete, that the semi-permanent storage of memories could lead to problematic social consequences. This talk examines the arguments against lifelogging and storage, and argues that they seem less worrying when placed in the context of a wider debate about the nature of mind and memory and their relationship to our environment and the technology we use
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