A Methodological Approach: Formal Specification Of Quality Attributes Modeling Approcahes In The Waterfall Process Model

The fields like Software Engineering (SE) and Human Computer Interaction (HCI) are considered dissimilar.. SE based process model mostly discuss modeling of functional requirement while the HCI based approaches are mostly concerned with the modeling of quality attributes. The quality attributes are mostly discussed during late phases of software development. The non-functional requirements as quality attributes can be integrated in software products by considering quality or non-functional modeling approaches during all of the phases of software engineering process model. The separation of SE and HCI concerns restricts formal specification of quality attributes during all of the phases of SE process model. The software systems or products are generally less user centered because SE process models can’t address formal specification of quality attributes in SE process models. In this research a methodology for the formal specification of approaches that model functional requirements and quality attribute during SE process model is proposed. The proposed methodology is based on waterfall SE process model. It can be utilized in design and development of users centered software products. Our proposed methodology also bridges gap between SE and HCI fields

The Toolkit of Success Rate Calculation of Broiler Harvest

Failed in the harvest should be avoided by the owners of broiler farms. Various ways are done to make the harvest successful and make a profit. Preparations made before the period of broiler development can be done optimally, with the hope that the harvest is successful. But the problem, on the field in fact not as smooth as had been planned at the beginning or before the development period. There is always a lack or inappropriate so that the harvest is not optimal or even harvest failure. Based on the background that has been described, we tried to create a toolkit that can be used to calculate success rate of the broiler harvest. With this toolkit, broiler farm owners are expected to have a guide and can make the right move in the period of broiler development. To calculate the success rate of broiler harvest, we used a model based on the performance index calculation. Toolkit that created running on local network environment using an Apache web server. The Toolkit uses JavaScript library to display the calculation results in the form of charts that are easier to understand. Based on the results of testing that has been done, this toolkit can perform calculations in a relatively short time. Can present the results of calculations with accurate information. The accuracy of success rate calculation toolkit reached 90%. It is obtained by comparing the performance index and the total weight of broiler that obtained when harvested

Improving maintenance strategies from experience feedback

A huge amount of rough data is available in companies on past maintenance activities as a result of the implementation of CMMS (Computerized Maintenance Management System). In that context, we focus on an experience feedback system dedicated to maintenance, allowing the capitalization of past interventions by means of a formal knowledge representation language, and the extraction from these interventions of new knowledge for future reuse

FROM KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT THEORIES TO PRACTICE IN PUBLIC ORGANISATIONS: TOWARDS A TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH (THEORETICAL BACKGROUND)

Scientists and practitioners have developed and continue to refine methodologies of knowledge management with the aim to implement it into practice of public organisations. In recent studies, there has been an emphasis on the development of what can be considered a transdisciplinary approach in knowledge production and usage, where knowledge management, its theories, principles and practices are advanced. The aim of this study is to review the conceptual foundations of knowledge and knowledge management by advancing the conception of knowledge management in the context of transdisciplinary approach. The authors give an overview of the forms, levels and categories of knowledge. The increasing emphasis placed on knowledge in an organisational context has given rise to a new manifestation of capital which occurs as human or structural intellectual capital. By analysing theories on the essence of knowledge management, the viewpoint formed that knowledge management within an organisation should be viewed through the transdisciplinary approach, namely, production of knowledge that rises above disciplines should be done by collaboration of both academic and nonacademic representatives, who offer a new compass and map for complex problem solving

The role of Knowledge manangement in enhancing government service-delivery in Kenya

This article explores the role that knowledge management (KM) can play to support governance, performance effectiveness, and service delivery in government agencies in Kenya. It further addresses the challenges and problems which act as impediments to introducing KM and engendering a knowledge society. A major factor impeding the effective introduction of knowledge management practices is that the Kenyan civil service is particularly embedded in bureaucracy and very few incentives are provided to encourage civil servants to generate, distribute and share knowledge and information. Many employees in the Kenyan civil service are traditional career civil servants, who cannot envisage and appreciate the potential of knowledge management and the benefits of knowledge leveraging. They are also wary of sharing knowledge, as they think that by hoarding knowledge they enhance their value and competitiveness. The paper is based on data derived from the literature that was integrated with results obtained from a study conducted by Ondari-Okemwa (2006) for a PhD research project

Generating Knowledge in Maintenance from Experience Feedback

Knowledge is nowadays considered as a significant source of performance improvement, but may be difficult to identify, structure, analyse and reuse properly. A possible source of knowledge is in the data and information stored in various modules of industrial information systems, like CMMS (Computerized Maintenance Management Systems) for maintenance. In that context, the main objective of this paper is to propose a framework allowing to manage and generate knowledge from information on past experiences, for improving the decisions related to the maintenance activity. In that purpose, we suggest an original Experience Feedback process dedicated to maintenance, allowing to capitalize on past interventions by i) formalizing the domain knowledge and experiences using a visual knowledge representation formalism with logical foundation (Conceptual Graphs); ii) extracting new knowledge thanks to association rules mining algorithms, using an innovative interactive approach; iii) interpreting and evaluating this new knowledge thanks to the reasoning operations of Conceptual Graphs. The suggested method is illustrated on a case study based on real data dealing with the maintenance of overhead cranes

Emergency Crisis Knowledge Management to Affect Customer Service Response

This qualitative case study focused on developing a better understanding of Consolidated Edison’s knowledge management/customer service information and communications, as well as practices that were implemented during Hurricane Sandy. The data collection and analysis procedure formed a gap analysis that resulted from a comparison of the actual knowledge management practices that were used and not used in Consolidated Edison’s customer response during the catastrophic event. Organizational practices of high-performing knowledge management companies were used to analyze and compare their practices to Consolidated Edison’s. Findings from the analysis resulted in the establishment of a Balanced Scorecard framework for recommended best practices and action steps with the potential to set new strategies and trajectories for the organization

Métodos para uma eficaz gestão de projetos: uma visão holística em projetos de software

Dissertação de Mestrado em Desenvolvimento de Software e Sistemas Interativos apresentada à Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco.A competitividade entre empresas é cada vez maior e, cada uma tem de adaptar os seus processos internos, de forma a garantir uma melhor qualidade e satisfação do cliente, através de uma gestão inteligente. Assim, nesta dissertação pretende descrever-se um projeto onde foi criada uma nova aplicação, com o objetivo de poder ajudar na gestão de tempo de uma equipa, satisfazendo a necessidade de ligação a um servidor FTP instalado num sistema Mainframe da IBM. Através desta ligação FTP, pretende-se possibilitar a edição de ficheiros e JCL de forma rápida e completamente livre de complexidade, para os utilizadores da aplicação

Modeling and exploitation of the traces of interactions in the collaborative working environment

Les sciences humaines et le progrès social ne peuvent pas se poursuivre sans collaboration. Avec le développement rapide des technologies de l'information et la popularité des appareils intelligents, le travail collaboratif est beaucoup plus simple et plus fréquents que jamais. Les gens peuvent travailler ensemble sans tenir compte de leur emplacement/ location géographique ou de la limitation de temps. Les environnements de travail de collaboration basés sur le Web sont conçus et consacrés à supporter/soutenir le travail individuel et le travail en groupe dans divers domaines: la recherche, les affaires, l'éducation, etc. N'importe quelle activité dans un système d'information produit un ensemble de traces. Dans un contexte de travail collaboratif, de telles traces peuvent être très volumineuses et hétérogènes. Pour un Environnement de Travail Collaboratif (ETC) typique Basé sur le Web, les traces sont principalement produites par des activités collaboratives ou des interactions collaboratives et peuvent être enregistrées. Les traces modélisées ne représentent pas seulement la connaissance, mais aussi l'expérience acquise par les acteurs via leurs interactions mutuelles ou les interactions qu'ils ont avec le système. Avec la complexité croissante de la structure de groupe et les besoins fréquents de collaboration, les interactions existantes deviennent de plus en plus difficiles à saisir et à analyser. Or, pour leurs travaux futurs, les gens ont souvent besoin de récupérer des informations issues de leurs activités de collaboration précédentes. Cette thèse se concentre sur la définition, la modélisation et l'exploitation des différentes traces dans le contexte d'Environnement de Travail Collaboratif et en particulier aux Traces Collaboratives dans l'espace de travail partagé de groupe (ou l'espace de travail collaboratif). Un modèle de traces de collaboration qui peuvent efficacement enrichir l'expérience du groupe et aider à la collaboration de groupe est proposé et détaillé. Nous présentons ensuite et définissons un type de filtre complexe comme un moyen possible d'exploiter ces traces. Plusieurs scénarios de base d'exploitation des traces collaboratives sont présentés. Pour chacun d'entre eux, nous présentons leurs effets et les avantages procurés par ces effets dans l'environnement de travail collaboratif. En effet, un cadre de l'exploitation des traces général est introduit et nous expliquons mis en œuvre dans un ETC. Trois approches collaboratives générant des traces sont discutées à l'aide d'exemples: l'Analyse SWOT, l'intégration de modèle de maturité de la capacité (CMMI) et le Système de Recommandation de Groupe. Une expérimentation de ce modèle a été réalisée dans le cadre de la plate-forme collaborative E-MEMORAe2.0. Cette expérience montre que notre modèle de trace collaborative et le cadre d'exploitation proposé pour l'environnement de travail collaboratif peuvent faciliter à la fois le travail personnel et de groupe. Notre approche peut être appliquée comme un moyen générique pour traiter différents sujets et problèmes, qu'il s'agisse de collaboration ou de l'exploitation des traces laissées dans un ECT.Human science and social progress cannot continue without collaboration. With the rapid development of information technologies and the popularity of smart devices, collaborative work is much simpler and more common than ever. People can work together irrespective of their geographical location or time limitation. In recently years, Web-based Collaborative Working Environments (CWE) are designed and devoted to support both individual and group work to a greater extent in various areas: research, business, learning and etc. Any activity in an information system produces a set of traces. In a collaborative working context, such traces may be very voluminous and heterogeneous. For a typical Webbased Collaborative Working Environment, traces are mainly produced by collaborative activities or interactions and can be recorded. The modeled traces not only represent knowledge but also experience concerning the interactive actions among the actors or between actors and the system. With the increasing complexity of group structure and frequent collaboration needs, the existing interactions become more difficult to grasp and to analyze. And for the future work, people often need to retrieve more information from their previous collaborative activities. This thesis focuses on defining, modeling and exploiting the various traces in the context of CWE, in particular, Collaborative Traces (CTs) in the group shared/collaborativeworkspace. A model of collaborative traces that can efficiently enrich group experience and assist group collaboration is proposed and detailed. In addition, we introduce and define a type of complex filter as a possible means to exploit the traces. Several basic scenarios of collaborative traces exploitation are presented describing their effects and advantages in CWE. Furthermore, a general traces exploitation framework is introduced and implemented in CWE. Three possible traces based collaborative approaches are discussed with comprehensive examples: SWOT Analysis, Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) and Group Recommendation System. As a practical experience we tested our model in the context of the E-MEMORAe2.0 collaborative platform. Practical cases show that our proposed CT model and the exploitation framework for CWE can facilitate both personal and group work. This approach can be applied as a generic way for addressing different types of collaboration and trace issues/problems in CWE.COMPIEGNE-BU (601592101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Génération de connaissances à l’aide du retour d’expérience : application à la maintenance industrielle

Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce mémoire s’inscrivent dans le cadre de la valorisation des connaissances issues des expériences passées afin d’améliorer les performances des processus industriels. La connaissance est considérée aujourd'hui comme une ressource stratégique importante pouvant apporter un avantage concurrentiel décisif aux organisations. La gestion des connaissances (et en particulier le retour d’expérience) permet de préserver et de valoriser des informations liées aux activités d’une entreprise afin d’aider la prise de décision et de créer de nouvelles connaissances à partir du patrimoine immatériel de l’organisation. Dans ce contexte, les progrès des technologies de l’information et de la communication jouent un rôle essentiel dans la collecte et la gestion des connaissances. L’implémentation généralisée des systèmes d’information industriels, tels que les ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), rend en effet disponible un grand volume d’informations issues des événements ou des faits passés, dont la réutilisation devient un enjeu majeur. Toutefois, ces fragments de connaissances (les expériences passées) sont très contextualisés et nécessitent des méthodologies bien précises pour être généralisés. Etant donné le potentiel des informations recueillies dans les entreprises en tant que source de nouvelles connaissances, nous proposons dans ce travail une démarche originale permettant de générer de nouvelles connaissances tirées de l’analyse des expériences passées, en nous appuyant sur la complémentarité de deux courants scientifiques : la démarche de Retour d’Expérience (REx) et les techniques d’Extraction de Connaissances à partir de Données (ECD). Le couplage REx-ECD proposé porte principalement sur : i) la modélisation des expériences recueillies à l’aide d’un formalisme de représentation de connaissances afin de faciliter leur future exploitation, et ii) l’application de techniques relatives à la fouille de données (ou data mining) afin d’extraire des expériences de nouvelles connaissances sous la forme de règles. Ces règles doivent nécessairement être évaluées et validées par les experts du domaine avant leur réutilisation et/ou leur intégration dans le système industriel. Tout au long de cette démarche, nous avons donné une place privilégiée aux Graphes Conceptuels (GCs), formalisme de représentation des connaissances choisi pour faciliter le stockage, le traitement et la compréhension des connaissances extraites par l’utilisateur, en vue d’une exploitation future. Ce mémoire s’articule en quatre chapitres. Le premier constitue un état de l’art abordant les généralités des deux courants scientifiques qui contribuent à notre proposition : le REx et les techniques d’ECD. Le second chapitre présente la démarche REx-ECD proposée, ainsi que les outils mis en œuvre pour la génération de nouvelles connaissances afin de valoriser les informations disponibles décrivant les expériences passées. Le troisième chapitre présente une méthodologie structurée pour interpréter et évaluer l’intérêt des connaissances extraites lors de la phase de post-traitement du processus d’ECD. Finalement, le dernier chapitre expose des cas réels d’application de la démarche proposée à des interventions de maintenance industrielle. ABSTRACT : The research work presented in this thesis relates to knowledge extraction from past experiences in order to improve the performance of industrial process. Knowledge is nowadays considered as an important strategic resource providing a decisive competitive advantage to organizations. Knowledge management (especially the experience feedback) is used to preserve and enhance the information related to a company’s activities in order to support decision-making and create new knowledge from the intangible heritage of the organization. In that context, advances in information and communication technologies play an essential role for gathering and processing knowledge. The generalised implementation of industrial information systems such as ERPs (Enterprise Resource Planning) make available a large amount of data related to past events or historical facts, which reuse is becoming a major issue. However, these fragments of knowledge (past experiences) are highly contextualized and require specific methodologies for being generalized. Taking into account the great potential of the information collected in companies as a source of new knowledge, we suggest in this work an original approach to generate new knowledge based on the analysis of past experiences, taking into account the complementarity of two scientific threads: Experience Feedback (EF) and Knowledge Discovery techniques from Databases (KDD). The suggested EF-KDD combination focuses mainly on: i) modelling the experiences collected using a knowledge representation formalism in order to facilitate their future exploitation, and ii) applying techniques related to data mining in order to extract new knowledge in the form of rules. These rules must necessarily be evaluated and validated by experts of the industrial domain before their reuse and/or integration into the industrial system. Throughout this approach, we have given a privileged position to Conceptual Graphs (CGs), knowledge representation formalism chosen in order to facilitate the storage, processing and understanding of the extracted knowledge by the user for future exploitation. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a state of the art addressing the generalities of the two scientific threads that contribute to our proposal: EF and KDD. The second chapter presents the EF-KDD suggested approach and the tools used for the generation of new knowledge, in order to exploit the available information describing past experiences. The third chapter suggests a structured methodology for interpreting and evaluating the usefulness of the extracted knowledge during the post-processing phase in the KDD process. Finally, the last chapter discusses real case studies dealing with the industrial maintenance domain, on which the proposed approach has been applied