Voluntad y compromiso en la trayectoria vital de una mujer de la nobleza cortesana en los siglos XVI y XVII: Vittoria Colonna, duquesa de Medina de Rioseco

In this article we follow the life trajectory of Vittoria Colonna (1557-1633), Duchess of Medina de Rioseco, underlining her role as a woman of lineage whose circumstances determined that she had to assume a relevant and transcendental role for the Colonna and the Enríquez, in the court of Felipe II and Felipe III, beyond the simple acceptance of a preconceived destiny.En este artículo seguimos la trayectoria vital de Vittoria Colonna (1557-1633), duquesa de Medina de Rioseco, subrayando su papel como mujer de linaje cuyas circunstancias determinaron que tuviera que asumir un papel relevante y trascendental para los Colonna y los Enríquez, en la corte de Felipe II y Felipe III, más allá de la simple aceptación de un destino preconcebido

Общественно-политическая деятельность канцлера ВКЛ Льва Сапеги (1557-1633 гг.)

Лев Сапега - один из наиболее ярких деятелей белорусской истории. Жизнь Льва Сапеги даже по современным меркам прошла очень насыщенно и плодотворно, а на рубеже 16-го и 17-го веков личности подобного масштаба можно пересчитать по пальцам. Потому, каждому белорусу необходимо иметь представление о деятельности этого великого человека

Steady-state traffic flow on a ring road with up- and down- slopes

This paper studies steady-state traffic flow on a ring road with up- and down- slopes using a semi-discrete model. By exploiting the relations between the semi-discrete and the continuum models, a steady-state solution is uniquely determined for a given total number of vehicles on the ring road. The solution is exact and always stable with respect to the first-order continuum model, whereas it is a good approximation with respect to the semi-discrete model provided that the involved equilibrium constant states are linearly stable. In an otherwise case, the instability of one or more equilibria could trigger stop-and-go waves propagating in certain road sections or throughout the ring road. The indicated results are reasonable and thus physically significant for a better understanding of real traffic flow on an inhomogeneous road

Senųjų asmeninių Lietuvos bibliotekų tyrimai: status quo

The article analyzes the state of research on the old historical Lithuanian personal libraries, including the means of inquiry and sources. The author also analyzes the similarities between personal library research and institutional library research.It was found that book ownership marks are the main and most widely applicable personal library research source. This resource is used productively after Lithuanian scientific libraries have accelerated the scientific cataloging of the old books and started recording the provenance of each item (such catalogs include catalogs of the Elsevier, the Aldine, paleotypes, Bibliotheca Sapiehana by Vilnius University Library, Lituanica catalog by the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, and the catalog of the 15th and 16th century books in Kaunas libraries by Kaunas County Public Library). The main and most widely applied Lithuanian historical personal library method is the provenance method, although good results are obtained using the hybrid method. The author concludes that most publications on old personal historic Lithuanian libraries limit their subjects to the personal libraries of nobility, state and religious actors (till the 19th Century) and the 19th century Lithuanian intellectuals. Historic personal libraries of lower-class individuals warrant more research (one example is Zigmantas Kiaupa’s publication about the book collections of ordinary old Kaunas’ citizens, published in 1985).Straipsnyje analizuojama senųjų istorinių Lietuvos asmeninių bibliotekų tyrimo situacija Lietuvoje (kas, kiek ir kaip šioje srityje padaryta ir daroma). Apžvelgiama šios temos istoriografija, ja remiantis sudaryta ir priede chronologiškai pateikiama tyrimų lentelė pagal asmeninių bibliotekų savininkus. Remiantis istoriografija, nagrinėjama, kokiais tyrimo metodais ir būdais, kokius tyrimo šaltinius daugiausia naudojant tirtos senosios Lietuvos bibliotekos. Daroma išvada, kad pagrindinis ir plačiausiai taikomas asmeninių bibliotekų tyrimo šaltinis – knygos nuosavybės ženklai. Šis šaltinis naudojamas kur kas produktyviau mokslinėms bibliotekoms pradėjus sparčiau moksliškai kataloguoti senuosius leidinius, aprašant juos egzemplioriniu principu, išaiškinant kiekvieno egzemplioriaus proveniencijas. Nustatyta, kad plačiausiai taikomi Lietuvos istorinių asmeninių bibliotekų tyrimo būdai – proveniencinis ir mišrusis

Ідэі аб праве, палітыцы, заканадаўстве ў творчасці беларускіх мысліцеляў XVІ ст.

Golubeva, L.L. ideas about law, politics, legislation in the works of Belarusian thinkers of the XVI century.АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ТЕОРИИ И ИСТОРИИ ГОСУДАРСТВА И ПРАВ

Досягнення Мелетія Смотрицького в полеміці та освіті (Achieving of Meletius Smotrytsky in controversy and education)

У статті були проаналізовані різні точки зору на постать Мелетія Смотрицького. Особлива увага приділялася монографії Петра Кралюка. Були підняті проблеми значимості М. Смотрицького не лише як культурного та політичного діяча, але і як письменника. (Different points of view on the figure of Meletius Smotrytsky were analyzed in the article. Particular attention was paid to the monograph of Petro Kraliuk. Problems of significance of M.Smotrytsky, not only as cultural and political leader, but as a writer too,were raised.

Rachunki wojskowe hetmana wielkiego litewskiego Pawła Jana Sapiehy z lat 1655–1662

Grand Lithuanian Hetman Paweł Jan Sapieha in 1655–1662, during the wars of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with Moscow and Sweden, gave out of his own coffers 1,985,520 zlotys for military purposes. Most of the money was used for military hauls and the payment of wages. This was due to the reduction of tax revenues to the treasury, because large areas of the Polish-Lithuanian state were under Muscovite and Swedish occupation. The aim of this article is to analyze the military accounts of Paweł Jan Sapieha and their structure against a wide comparative background, i.e. accounts of other Lithuanian and Crown hetmans of the second half of the 17th century.Hetman wielki litewski Paweł Jan Sapieha w latach 1655–1662, w okresie wojen Rzeczypospolitej z Moskwą i Szwecją, wydał z własnej szkatuły na cele wojskowe 1,985,520 złotych. Pieniądze te zostały w większości przeznaczone na zaciągi wojskowe i wypłatę żołdu. Było to spowodowane zmniejszeniem wpływów podatkowych do skarbu, ponieważ duże obszary państwa polsko-litewskiego znalazły się pod okupacją moskiewską i szwedzką. Celem artykułu jest analiza rachunków wojskowych Sapiehy i ich struktury na szerokim tle porównawczym, tzn. rachunków innych hetmanów litewskich i koronnych drugiej połowy XVII w

Characterization of Navassa National Wildlife Refuge: A preliminary report for NF-06-05 (NOAA ship "Nancy Foster", April 18-30, 2006)

Navassa is a small, undeveloped island in the Windward Passage between Jamaica and Haiti. It was designated a National Wildlife Refuge under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1999, but the remote location makes management and enforcement challenging, and the area is regularly fished by artisanal fishermen from Haiti. In April 2006, the NOAA Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research conducted a research cruise to Navassa. The cruise produced the first high-resolution multibeam bathymetry for the area, which will facilitate habitat mapping and assist in refuge management. A major emphasis of the cruise was to study the impact of Haitian fishing gear on benthic habitats and fish communities; however, in 10 days on station only one small boat was observed with five fishermen and seven traps. Fifteen monitoring stations were established to characterize fish and benthic communities along the deep (28-34 m) shelf, as these areas have been largely unstudied by previous cruises. The fish communities included numerous squirrelfishes, triggerfishes, and parrotfishes. Snappers and grouper were also present but no small individuals were observed. Similarly, conch surveys indicated the population was in low abundance and was heavily skewed towards adults. Analysis of the benthic photoquadrats is currently underway. Other cruise activities included installation of a temperature logger network, sample collection for stable isotope analyses to examine trophic structure, and drop camera surveys to ground-truth habitat maps and overhead imagery. (PDF contains 58 pages

Glasbeni stiki med dvoroma poljskega kralja in notranjeavstrijskih nadvojvod ter širjenje musicae modernae po srednji in srednje-vzhodni Evropi

The marriages of the King of Poland Sigismund III Vasa with Anne (1592) and subsequently her sister Constance (1605), who were descendants of the dynasty of Archdukes of Inner Austria, had many cultural consequences. The article recalls some facts on the migrations of musicians and musical repertories in both directions between Cracow (also Warsaw) and Graz at the end of the sixteenth century and during the first two decades of the seventeenth century.Poroki poljskega kralja Sigismunda III. Vase z Ano (1592) in pozneje Constanzo (1605), članicama dinastije notranjeavstrijskih nadvojvod, sta imeli veliko kulturnih posledic. Razprava povzema podatke o obojesmernih migracijah glasbenikov in glasbenega repertoarja med Krakovom (tudi Varšavo) in Gradcem konec 16. in v prvih dveh desetletjih 17. stoletja