Laboratory Assessment of Water Permeability Loss of Geotextiles Due to Their Installation in Pervious Pavements

During the last decades, the importance of sustainable development in society has increased considerably. Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) are a group of techniques that aim to improve the management of rain and run-off water while reducing their pollution. Many of these systems incorporate geotextiles in their structures, which act as a layer separation and water filter. Some authors defend the idea that by simply being installed, geotextiles partially or totally lose their separation and filtering capacities. This study proposes a testing methodology that can reproduce this effect and obtain a reduction factor for the water permeability of the material after its installation, which is defined here as the ?new condition factor?. The procedure simulated the real installation conditions in the laboratory by causing the specimen to undergo both mechanical and hydraulic damage and subsequently measuring the loss of water permeability that it provoked on the geotextile. Two different nonwoven geotextiles were tested in order to validate the procedure and to obtain initial results that could confirm the need for the new condition factor in the design of pervious pavements with geotextiles. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical significance of the test variableshis research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, grant number BIA2012-32463, and by the Dirección de Investigación of the Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, fund FAA 02/2018. The authors would like to thank the support and collaboration from the Construction Technology Research Group (Grupo de Investigación de Tecnología de la Construcción - GITECO), the Geosynthetics Laboratory of the University of Cantabria (LAGUC), Grupo de Caminos de Santander (GCS) and the Geotechnical Group of the University of Cantabria

Sobre el proyecto del suelo

Compilación de textos estructurada por Ignasi de Lecea con motivo de su curso sobre Viales y Pavimentos, organizado por el Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Galicia. Pontevedra 200

Using of proper pavement material for the Intersections with slow-moving traffic

Use of proper pavement material for some of intersections need special attention by road designers. At Camp Bondsteel-Kosovo on 2002 were built four road intersections using the concrete as pavement material. Heavy and slow-moving trucks that are turning or accelerating exposed these intersections to some of the highest stress level. After some years this intresections start deteriorating on their surface due to friction. The concrete pavements did not survive this period of usage and after eight years were removed and replaced with asphalt pavements. After more than seven years, the asphalt has shown minor distress but is still in good condition after years of outstanding service. This issue was resolved using aggregate and aggregate blend who meet higher standards. This blend of aggregate has high internal friction developing the degree of interlock needed to resist friction and or shearing. In this case, tough, durable aggregates were necessary, while rounded aggregate avoided in both the coarse and fine fractions. Due to slow-moving traffic on the hot weather, the binder has been selected with higher temperature grade than climate conditions. The asphalt section is still going strong after seven years

Using of Proper Pavement Material for the Intersections with Slow-moving Traffic

Use of proper pavement material for some of intersections need special attention by road designers. At Camp Bondsteel-Kosovo on 2002 were built four road intersections using the concrete as pavement material. Heavy and slow-moving trucks that are turning or accelerating exposed these intersections to some of the highest stress level. After some years this intresections start deteriorating on their surface due to friction. The concrete pavements did not survive this period of usage and after eight years were removed and replaced with asphalt pavements. After more than seven years, the asphalt has shown minor distress but is still in good condition after years of outstanding service. This issue was resolved using aggregate and aggregate blend who meet higher standards. This blend of aggregate has high internal friction developing the degree of interlock needed to resist friction and or shearing. In this case, tough, durable aggregates were necessary, while rounded aggregate avoided in both the coarse and fine fractions. Due to slow-moving traffic on the hot weather, the binder has been selected with higher temperature grade than climate conditions. The asphalt section is still going strong after seven years

Against Solitary Confinement: Jonah\u27s Redemption and Our Need for Mercy

Author’s Note: This essay is adapted from one I wrote in September 2013 to give as a d’var Torah for Yom Kippur, and published in Tablet, an online Jewish magazine. Mostly, I’ve added footnotes. As a law professor, I am far more expert at constitutional than biblical exegesis. But perhaps because the Bible and the Constitution share their status as instrumental and highly authoritative documents, my own subjective experience of developing a reading or critique of both has turned out to be remarkably similar. Both exercises require close textual reading and wide-ranging investigation of its extant interpretations; both are informed by a normative vision. So although I am no Biblicist, I have ventured into biblical interpretation with some sense of familiarity—and particularly so when the normative issue that draws me to the project is a familiar one. In this essay, I set out the results of one such venture

ANALIZA EKOLOŠKOG UTJECAJA SADRŽAJA TEŠKIH METALA U OTPADNIM MATERIJALIMA PRIMIJENJENIM U CESTOGRADNJI

Use of solid waste in place of conventional materials in civil engineering structures preserves natural resources and energy and avoids expensive and/or potentially harmful waste disposal. Many studies are investigating the application of waste materials in civil engineering structures. However, in an effort to find out new areas of waste materials utilization, the environmental impact of the installation of such materials in building structures often remains neglected. This study focused on the environmental aspect of the application of currently investigated waste materials in Croatia with an emphasis on heavy metal content. Heavy metal concentration in steel slag, river sediment, and biomass ash was measured, and the possibility of their use in road construction in accordance with currently valid legislation was assessed.Uporaba krutog otpada umjesto konvencionalnih materijala u građevinarstvu pridonosi očuvanju prirodnih izvora i energije, čime je ujedno izbjegnuto skupo te potencijalno opasno odlaganje takvog otpada. Mnogo je istraživanja na temu primjene otpadnih materijala u graditeljstvu. Međutim, u nastojanju da se pronađu nova područja primjene otpadnih materijala, utjecaj ugradnje takvih materijala u građevinske konstrukcije na okoliš često puta ostaje zanemaren. Ovaj rad bavi se ekološkim aspektom primjene trenutačno istraživanih otpadnih materijala u Hrvatskoj, s naglaskom na sadržaj teških metala. Određeni su sadržaji teških metala u čeličanskoj zguri, talogu iz riječnog nanosa i pepelu biomase te procijenjena mogućnost njihove primjene u cestogradnji s obzirom na trenutačno važeće zakonodavstvo

Aesthetics in hardscape design: a study of perception, preference, and application in Bosco Plaza

Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community PlanningJessica CanfieldHardscape design is an essential aspect of public space, especially for urban plazas, which typically consist of paved open areas for circulation, gathering, and sitting. A successful public space relies on multiple factors including aesthetics. Yet with near limitless possibilities for hardscape design, little is known on what aesthetic attributes people prefer, and if the aesthetics of hardscape influence perceptions of attractiveness, safety, welcoming, comfort, and interest in a public space. This project aims to generate knowledge about aesthetic preferences for select attributes of hardscape design, specifically color, pattern, frame, edge, and size, and how hardscape designs may influence perceptions of public space. To accomplish this goal, Bosco Plaza, a large public space on the campus of Kansas State University, was selected as the study site. The research consists of three main components. First, a preference survey was issued to students and faculty in the College of Architecture, Planning, and Design at K-State, to assess what aesthetic attributes of hardscape designs were most preferred, using Likert-scale questions. The survey findings, along with results from a site analysis, helped inform a comprehensive redesign of Bosco Plaza, which included six alternative concepts for its hardscape design. The hardscape design concepts were modeled and rendered digitally to create images for the second survey, where participants were asked to express their perceptions of attractiveness, safety, welcoming, comfort, and interest for each. Overall findings reveal that while successful hardscape designs rely upon many factors, hardscape designs which implement a diversity of colors and a randomness of patterns are most aesthetically preferred. Additionally, it was found that more attractive hardscapes also positively impact perceptions of safety, welcoming, comfort, and interest in public space