Nutritional composition assessment of 3000 individualized parenteral nutrition bags in a tertiary referral hospital: Current prescribing patterns

Individualized parenteral nutrition is the most specialized type of nutritional support in the hospital setting. The composition and prescribing patterns for parenteral nutrition have evolved due to new emerging scientific evidence. In the last few years, there has been a tendency to increase the nitrogen and lipid content and decrease the carbohydrate content. To assess the prescribing pattern in a tertiary referral hospital in Spain, the nutritional composition of individualized parenteral nutrition was evaluated retrospectively from January to December of 2016. A total of 3029 parenteral nutrition units were analysed, corresponding to 257 hospitalized adult patients. Medical specialists in General Surgery and Haematology were the most common petitioners. The three most frequently prescribed parenteral nutrition formulae contained 13.4 (28.8%), 15.7 (19.54%) and 17.9 (17.79%) g of nitrogen. The quantity of carbohydrates and lipids showed a mean non-protein calories-to-nitrogen ratio of approximately 78:1 and a carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio that was near 50:50 in most cases. These results suggest a trend towards the administration of parenteral nutrition with a high content of nitrogen and smaller proportion of the non-protein components

Ediciones críticas de literatura argentina del siglo XIX

This research aims to recover authors and texts from the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Theoretical framework: microhistory, cultural studies, sociology of Literature, gender studies, “genres of the self”, travel writings, the genetic poetics. From the Archive “Eduarda Mansilla”, material from and about the author has been digitalized; from the edition of the critical Anthology of brief narrative of writers, approximations based on cognitive poetics, gender stereotypes, motifs and literary topics and the anthropological discourse have been made about rescued authors; from the critical edition of the story of captivity among the ranqueles of Santiago Avendaño 60 % of the manuscripts of the Zeballos Archive have been transcript, survey of information gaps; survey of distance points and differences presented by the manuscript in relation to existing edition, and drafting of the preliminary study have been made; and the critical edition of the narrative work of Josefina Pelliza de Sagasta, publication of Margarita, original novel (1875) including introductory study on the author, overview of literature during this period and analysis of the novel from the theory of melodrama.Esta investigación se propone recuperar autores y textos del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Aparato crítico: microhistoria, estudios culturales, sociología de la literatura, estudios de género, “géneros del yo”, escrituras del viaje, crítica genética. Hasta el momento, del Archivo “Eduarda Mansilla”, se ha digitalizado material de y sobre la autora; de la edición de la Antología crítica de narrativa breve de escritoras se han realizado aproximaciones basadas en la poética cognitiva, en estereotipos de género, en motivos y tópicos literarios, en el discurso antropológico, sobre autoras rescatadas; de la edición crítica del relato de cautiverio entre los ranqueles de Santiago Avendaño se ha transcripto el 60 % de los manuscritos del Archivo Zeballos, se han relevado vacíos de información, de puntos de distancia y diferencias del manuscrito con las ediciones existentes y redacción del estudio preliminar; y de la edición crítica de la obra narrativa y lírica de J. Pelliza de Sagasta, la publicación de Margarita, novela original (1875), con estudio introductorio sobre la autora, panorama de la literatura durante ese período y análisis de la novela desde la teoría del melodrama

Retention and release of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon in a nutrient-rich stream: A mass balance approach

The relevance of fluvial systems to process nutrients and carbon is widely accepted, but their role as sinks and sources of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is still under discussion especially in non-forested and highly productive streams. In this study, we used a mass balance approach at a reach scale in a Pampean stream to elucidate the major sources of water, nutrients and DOC as well as to determine net in-stream retention efficiencies of nutrients and DOC under different hydrological conditions. We measured conductivity, conservative ions (chloride and calcium), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), ammonium (NH4) and DOC at the end-point of a reach of Las Flores stream (site A), at two upstream tributaries (B1 and B2), and at each potential hydrological contributors to stream flow (groundwater, overland and subsurface flows, and rainfall). In addition, we monitored one storm event where we collected samples during the rising and the recession limb of the hydrograph. Stream flow originated from groundwater (≈50%), upstream tributaries (B1 and B2) at baseflow, whereas overland flow contributed >20% during high flows. During baseflow, groundwater provided NO3 to stream water, while B2, which received a point input of a dairy industry, was the main source of SRP and NH4. Conversely, SRP and NH4 were provided by B1, overland flow and subsurface flow during high flows. Overland flow also contributed DOC during high flow periods. Mass balance estimates revealed that the reach acts as a source of DOC, SRP and NO3 (21.4, 37.4 and 53.5% mean net in-stream release, respectively) and a sink of NH4 (−36.8% mean net in-stream retention). Relevant in-stream processes may be nutrient uptake (as in the case of SRP and NH4) and biotic production (DOC), as well as decomposition (SRP) and nitrification (NH4) in this Pampean stream. Our results stress the relevance of nutrient and DOC generation processes within the channel in non-forested and highly productive streams.Fil: Feijoó, Claudia Silvina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Messetta, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Hegoburu, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Gómez Vázquez, Alicia. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Guerra López, José Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Mas Pla, Josep. Universidad de Girona. Institut Catala de Recerca de L' Aigua; España. Universidad de Girona; EspañaFil: Rigacci, Laura Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: García, Victoria Julieta. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Butturini, Andrea. Universidad de Barcelona; Españ

Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies : effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on Brain Neurochemistry and Development in a Porcine Model

Supplementation of a mother's diet with antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX), has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction. In the present study, sows were treated daily with or without 1.5 mg of HTX per kilogram of feed from day 35 of pregnancy (at 30% of total gestational period), and individuals were sampled at three different ages: 100-day-old fetuses and 1-month- and 6-month-old piglets. After euthanasia, the brain was removed and the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex were dissected. The profile of the catecholaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitters (NTs) was characterized and an immunohistochemical study of the hippocampus was performed. The results indicated that maternal supplementation with HTX during pregnancy affected the NT profile in a brain-area-dependant mode and it modified the process of neuron differentiation in the hippocampal CA1 and GD areas, indicating that cell differentiation occurred more rapidly in the HTX group. These effects were specific to the fetal period, concomitantly with HTX maternal supplementation, since no major differences remained between the control and treated groups in 1-month- and 6-month-old pigs

Adaptación del MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T): Un instrumento para evaluar la toma de decisiones en adolescentes.

Evaluar la capacidad de toma de decisiones en salud es un proceso complejo en adolescentes. El MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) permite estimar habilidades vinculadas a dicha capacidad. Esta herramienta fue adaptada para niños y adolescentes, pero no se dispone de versión en español. Objetivo. adaptar el MacCAT-T al español en su versión para adolescentes utilizando una situación estímulo. Muestra. Los participantes fueron adolescentes entre 13 y 16 años (n=77) de edad sin diagnóstico clínico evidente. Materiales. Se utilizó el MacCAT-T y el test de Raven. Resultados. El instrumento mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas. Se obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en los adolescentes de 15 y 16 años en comparación con los de 13 y 14 años, y no se evidenciaron diferencias de género. Discusión. El instrumento es útil para complementar el juicio clínico al valorar la capacidad (cognitiva) para tomar decisiones en el ámbito de la salud.  &nbsp

Adaptation of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T): An instrument for evaluating decision-making in adolescents

Evaluar la capacidad de toma de decisiones en salud es un proceso complejo en adolescentes. El MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) permite estimar habilidades vinculadas a dicha capacidad. Estaherramientafue adaptada para niños y adolescentes, pero no se dispone de versión en español. Objetivo: adaptar el MacCAT-T al español en su versión para adolescentes utilizando una situación estímulo. Muestra: los participantes fueron adolescentes entre 13 y 16 años (n=77) de edad sin diagnóstico clínico evidente. Materiales: se utilizó el MacCAT-T y eltest de Raven. Resultados: el instrumento mostró propiedadespsicométricas adecuadas. Se obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en los adolescentes de 15 y 16 años en comparación con los de 13 y 14 años y no se evidenciaron diferencias de género. Discusión: esta entrevista semiestructuradaes útil para complementar el juicio clínico al valorar la capacidad (cognitiva) para tomar decisiones en el ámbito de la saludAssessing decision-making capacity in health is a complex process in adolescents. The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) makes it possible to estimate skills related to this ability. This tool was adapted for children and adolescents, but a Spanish version was not available. Objective: adapt the MacCAT-T to Spanish in its version for adolescents using a stimulus situation. Sample: the participants were adolescents between 13 and 16 years (n = 77) of age with no obvious clinical diagnosis. Materials: the MacCAT-T and the Raven test were used. Results: the instrument showed adequate psychometric properties. Notably higher scores were obtained in 15- and 16-year-olds compared to 13 and 14-year-olds and no gender differences were found. Discussion: this semi-structured interview is useful to complement clinical judgment when assessing the (cognitive) decision making capacity in the health field.Fil: Rodriguez Quiroga, Andrea. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Instituto Universidad de Salud Mental de la Asoc. Psicoanalitica de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Bongiardino, Laura. Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales y Sociales; Argentina. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Instituto Universidad de Salud Mental de la Asoc. Psicoanalitica de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Crawley, Alan. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Instituto Universidad de Salud Mental de la Asoc. Psicoanalitica de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Botero Rojas, Maria Camila. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vázquez, Natalia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Borensztein, Laura. Instituto Universidad de Salud Mental de la Asoc. Psicoanalitica de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Aufenacker, Saskia Ivana. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Instituto Universidad de Salud Mental de la Asoc. Psicoanalitica de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes frente al distanciamiento social y confinamiento preventivo por el coronavirus COVID-19

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes producto del distanciamiento social y el confinamiento, para comprender el impacto psicológico en la población. Metodología: estudio de diseño mixto descriptivo-correlacional de alcance temporal transversal. Instrumentos: Perceptions of the Adult US Population regarding the Novel Coronavirus, Three-Item Loneliness Scale y el Adult Self Report. Muestra: 653 casos respondieron una encuesta online en marzo 2020. Resultados: mayores niveles de soledad y problemas internalizantes en sujetos jóvenes convivientes con sus padres y en adultos que viven solos. Hay correlaciones significativas entre sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes: ansiedad-depresión (r =,636, p=,000) y quejas somáticas (r=,422, p=,000). Prevalencia de problemas internalizantes: preocupación general, inquietud por el futuro y trastornos del sueño. Discusión: los resultados del estudio identificaron dos grupos de riesgo: los jóvenes convivientes con sus padres y los adultos que viven solos.&nbsp

Redundancy Is Not Necessarily Detrimental in Classification Problems

In feature selection, redundancy is one of the major concerns since the removal of redun dancy in data is connected with dimensionality reduction. Despite the evidence of such a connection, few works present theoretical studies regarding redundancy. In this work, we analyze the effect of redundant features on the performance of classification models. We can summarize the contribution of this work as follows: (i) develop a theoretical framework to analyze feature construction and selection, (ii) show that certain properly defined features are redundant but make the data linearly separable, and (iii) propose a formal criterion to validate feature construction methods. The results of experiments suggest that a large number of redundant features can reduce the classification error. The results imply that it is not enough to analyze features solely using criteria that measure the amount of information provided by such features.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Antiviral, Immunomodulatory and Antiproliferative Activities of Recombinant Soluble IFNAR2 without IFN-beta Mediation

Soluble receptors of cytokines are able to modify cytokine activities and therefore the immune system, and some have intrinsic biological activities without mediation from their cytokines. The soluble interferon beta (IFN-ss) receptor is generated through alternative splicing of IFNAR2 and has both agonist and antagonist properties for IFN-ss, but its role is unknown. We previously demonstrated that a recombinant human soluble IFN-ss receptor showed intrinsic therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Here we evaluate the potential biological activities of recombinant sIFNAR2 without the mediation of IFN-ss in human cells. Recombinant sIFNAR2 down-regulated the production of IL-17 and IFN-? and reduced the cell proliferation rate. Moreover, it showed a strong antiviral activity, fully protecting the cell monolayer after being infected by the virus. Specific inhibitors completely abrogated the antiviral activity of IFN-ss, but not that of the recombinant sIFNAR2, and there was no activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Consequently, r-sIFNAR2 exerts immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antiviral activities without IFN-ss mediation, and could be a promising treatment against viral infections and immune-mediated diseases