KENKA : sistema integral de gestión de calidad

Nowadays the quality has become one of the variables that has to be considered if we want to be successful and still more competitive. As all excellent variable requires tools that allow to their management and measurement, to manter it under a strict control following an affluent plan with goals and defined objectives. KENKA provides all those elements that conform a good strategy of Total Quality. The concepts of "Continuous Improvement", Auditory, Workflows, Documentation and Statistical Control of the Quality are reflected in each one of their modules. This paper presents the components, modules , as well as the technology used for their development

Microglial Interactions with Synapses Are Modulated by Visual Experience

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, show unique interactions with nearby synaptic elements under non-pathological conditions that are sensitive to changes in sensory experience

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

System design challenges for CO2_2 evaporative cooling in tracking detectors

CO$_2$ evaporative cooling has become one of the most popular thermal management technologies for silicon detectors to be operated at low temperature. At LHC, this solution is already in use on the LHCb Velo, the ATLAS IBL and the CMS Phase I Pixel. The LHCb Velo upgrade and the UT detectors will be cooled in the same way as of 2019, as well as ATLAS and CMS upgraded tracking and vertexing detectors for the HL-LHC (2025).In order to fully exploit the heat removal capacity which can be achieved with carbon dioxide in evaporative mode, the cooling system needs a very careful design, combining the process, the transfer lines and the on-detector evaporators. This work discusses the challenges for the design of an optimised CO$_2$ cooling system, including the mechanics, the thermal interfaces and the process instrumentation for controls and monitoring. Examples of presently adopted solutions are given, together with their limits and the needed further development in order to achieve reliable systems of much higher cooling power as in HL-LHC detectors

CO2_2 evaporative cooling: The future for tracking detector thermal management

\begin{abstract} In the last few years, CO$_2$ evaporative cooling has been one of the favourite technologies chosen for the thermal management of tracking detectors at LHC. ATLAS Insertable B-Layer and CMS Pixel phase 1 upgrade have adopted it and their systems are now operational or under commissioning. The CERN PH-DT team is now merging the lessons learnt on these two systems in order to prepare the design and construction of the cooling systems for the new Upstream Tracker and the Velo upgrade in LHCb, due by 2018. Meanwhile, the preliminary design of the ATLAS and CMS full tracker upgrades is started, and both concepts heavily rely on CO$_2$ evaporative cooling. This paper highlights the performances of the systems now in operation and the challenges to overcome in order to scale them up to the requirements of the future generations of trackers. In particular, it focuses on the conceptual design of a new cooling system suited for the large phase 2 upgrade programmes, which will be validated with the construction of a common prototype in the next years. \end{abstract

Development, commissioning and operation of the large scale CO2_2 detector cooling systems for CMS pixel phase I upgrade

During the 2017 Year-end Technical Stop of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the CMS experiment has successfully installed a new pixel detector in the frame of Phase I upgrade. This new detector will operate using evaporative CO$_{2}$ technology as its cooling system. Carbon Dioxide, as state of the art technology for current and future tracking detectors, allows for significant material budget saving that is critical for the tracking performance. The road towards operation of the final CO$_{2}$ cooling system in the experiment passed through intensive prototype phase at the CMS Tracker Integration Facility (TIF) for both cooling process hardware and its control system. This paper briefly describes the general design of both the CMS and TIF CO$_{2}$ detector cooling systems, and focuses on control system architecture, operation and safety philosophy, commissioning results and operation experience. Additionally, experience in using the Ethernet IP industrial fieldbus as distributed IO is presented. Various pros and cons of using this technology are discussed, based on the solutions developed for Schneider Premium PLCs, WAGO and FESTO IOs using the UNICOS CPC 6 framework of CERN

A semi-empirical model for preheater design to trigger CO2_2 boiling for detector cooling

The fluid properties of CO$_2$ make it an ideal medium for the cooling of tracking detectors in experiments at particle accelerators. Detectors such as the Compact Muon Solenoid Outer Tracker at CERN will be cooled to a nominal temperature of -35$^{\circ}$C with CO$_2$ cooling to ensure the longevity of the silicon sensors. In theory, two-phase CO$_2$ cooling results in a very low temperature change along the detector tube, dependent only on pressure drop. Experimentally, however, superheating - the existence of a fluid in the liquid form above its boiling temperature - has been observed to occur frequently. This results in higher fluid temperatures and a poor heat transfer coefficient over the first section of the detector tube, disrupting the cooling performance of the detector and possibly leading to deterioration of the silicon sensors. In order to prevent superheating, a preheater is proposed to trigger nucleate boiling in the Compact Muon Solenoid Outer Tracker detector cooling tube just upstream of the sensors. A theoretical - semi-empirical - model for the preheater design is presented, starting from experimental data points. With this model, the triggering of nucleation can be characterised for tubes made of the same material as that tested and with the same surface cavity size. The model validation is promising, closely matching the trends from experimental results, and giving preheater specific powers significantly lower than those derived from spinodal theory

First Steps in Automated Software Development Approach for LHC Phase II Upgrades CO₂ Detector Cooling Systems

With refrigerating power of the order of 1.5 kW at -35 °C and full compatibility with Detector Control System standards, Light Use Cooling Appliance for Surface Zones (LUCASZ) is the first movable medium size evaporative CO₂ detector cooling system. By 2018 a series of 4 LUCASZ units has been fully deployed by the EP-DT group at CERN. LUCASZ is capable to provide CO₂ cooling for various needs of detector development and testing required for Phase Iⅈ upgrades of LHC experiments. This paper describes selected software and controls hardware ideas used to develop the LUCASZ control system as baseline solutions for CO₂ cooling systems for Phase II upgrade of ATLAS and CMS trackers. The main challenges for future control system development will come from the number of cooling plants, the modularity, operation, and the implementation of backup philosophy. The introduction of automated software generation for both PLC and SCADA is expected to bring major improvement on the efficiency of control system implementation. In this respect, a unification step between experiments is highly required without neglecting specific needs of ATLAS and CMS