Simposio : el uso de sensores en la enseñanza de las ciencias en secundaria

Los sensores permiten tomar datos experimentales y tener los gráficos en tiempo real, su uso abre un abanico de posibilidades a realizar en los laboratorios. Toda nueva incorporación a las aulas supone retos. En este simposio se presentan trabajos que abren camino para superarlos. Se presentan aportaciones referentes al uso de esta tecnología por parte del profesorado: Un estudio sobre la aplicación real en las aulas de esta tecnología y dos trabajos sobre formación del profesorado, acerca de la utilización efectiva de las TIC en las aulas. También se presentan dos trabajos referidos al uso de la tecnología MBL para los casos concretos del aprendizaje de la física y de la química respectivamente

Narrar y hacer química en un nuevo contexto

Se analiza un taller llevado a cabo en la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona perteneciente Proyecto ITACA , cuyo objetivo es introducir a los estudiantes de secundaria en la actividad científica que concretamos como "hacer y narrar sobre química". Los datos sobre la ‘actividad química de los alumnos’ se obtienen a partir de una narrativa experimental creada por ellos a partir de la actividad realizada

Uso de sensores en las clases de Química y aprendizaje significativo en estudiantes de secundaria

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio efectuado a estudiantes de Química de segundo de bachillerato (17-18 años), con el objetivo de entender de que manera los alumnos son conscientes del trabajo efectuado en una sesión larga de laboratorio diseñada como un ciclo de aprendizaje. Los alumnos participan en una actividad, en la que trabajan mediante indagación guiada, para responder una pregunta inicial referida al pH del plasma sanguíneo. Obtienen resultados experimentales mediante sensores de pH y equipos de captación automática de datos (MBL). Nuestras conclusiones son que los estudiantes integran los equipos MBL como herramientas de laboratorio y que son conscientes de los conceptos fundamentales trabajados, dando importancia tanto a conceptos que conocían con anterioridad, como a conceptos introducidos en la sesión

Risk factors associated with the colonization of group b streptococcus during pregnancy: preliminary results

In Spain, the rate of colonization with GBS in pregnant women is 11%-18.2% and in Catalonia between 13-16%. The vertical transmission rate is 50%, and in the absence of avoidance manoeuvres, between 1-2% of new-borns develop GBS infection, which is the main bacterial agent in neonatal sepsis precocious

Use of ict tools in hybrid environments of presential and virtual learning. Experience in two mechanical engineering subjects of master's degree

[Otros] In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised to an international pandemic level the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). Consequently, the Spanish government declared the State of Alarm on March 14th, 2020. From that moment on, all non-essential activities were tightened lockdown. This measure affected all levels of education, and face-to-face learning was suspended until the end of the academic year. While the last year all the educational community was forced to suddenly move to online platforms, this year has been rather marked by the need of flexibility in the learning model. The main reasons are the constant threat of global lockdowns, the changing local mobility restriction measures and the forced isolation or quarantine in case of infections or close contact with someone with a positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. This situation has drastically affected the face-to-face teaching model. At the same time, this uncertain scenario has undoubtedly been an opportunity to implement Information and Communications Technology (ICT)activities in our teaching. This paper presents some actions implemented in two subjects of mechanical design of two different master¿s degrees with 36 and 19 students, respectively. The developed resources concern to the learning materials provided to the students, both for theoretical and practical lessons. The audio-visual materials generated over the classes, both videos and annotations on the virtual whiteboard, has also been managed. Finally, the delivery and defence of the students' works have been adapted. As it was foreseeable all, some of the students or the teacher, have followed the classes online over the term. In all cases, the developed materials and the methodology followed have been valid for use in face-to-face teaching, online and blended learning, thus providing the flexibility required. The level of success has been measured, mainly through a survey answered by the students. In addition, it has been analysed objective data, such as the marks and the number of visits or downloads of the documents uploaded to the UPV e-learning platform. Finally, it is concluded which actions taken would be valid for the post-COVID era.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación and the Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (project PIME B/19-20/165 and project PIME C/20-21/201) and the Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (EICE INTEGRAL).Pedrosa, AM.; Vila Tortosa, MP.; Llopis-Albert, C.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ. (2021). Use of ict tools in hybrid environments of presential and virtual learning. Experience in two mechanical engineering subjects of master's degree. IATED Academy. 5077-5085. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.1048S5077508

Radioresistance of mesenchymal glioblastoma initiating cells correlates with patient outcome and is associated with activation of inflammatory program

Glioblastoma (GBM) still remains an incurable disease being radiotherapy (RT) the mainstay treatment. Glioblastoma intra-tumoral heterogeneity and GlioblastomaInitiating Cells (GICs) challenge the design of effective therapies. We investigated GICs and non-GICs response to RT in a paired in-vitro model and addressed molecular programs activated in GICs after RT. Established GICs heterogeneously expressed several GICs markers and displayed a mesenchymal signature. Upon fractionated RT, GICs reported higher radioresistance compared to non-GICs and showed lower α- and β-values, according to the Linear Quadratic Model interpretation of the survival curves. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between GICs radiosensitivity and patient disease-free survival. Transcriptome analysis of GICs after acquisition of a radioresistant phenotype reported significant activation of Proneural-to-Mesenchymal transition (PMT) and pro-inflammatory pathways, being STAT3 and IL6 the major players. Our findings support a leading role of mesenchymal GICs in defining patient response to RT and provide the grounds for targeted therapies based on the blockade of inflammatory pathways to overcome GBM radioresistance

Different Storing and Processing Conditions of Human Lymphocytes do not Alter P-Glycoprotein Rhodamine 123 Efflux

P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a protein codified by Multi Drug Resistance (MDR1) gene, has a detoxifying function and might influence the toxicity and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Sampling strategies to improve Pgp studies could be useful to optimize the sensitivity and the reproducibility of efflux assays. This study aimed to compare Pgp expression and efflux activity by measuring Rhodamine123 (Rh123) retention in lymphocytes stored under different conditions, in order to evaluate the potential utility of any of the storing conditions in Pgp functionality. Our results show no change in protein expression of Pgp by confocal studies and Western blotting, nor changes at the mRNA level (qRT-PCR). No differences in Rh123 efflux by Pgp activity assays were found between fresh and frozen lymphocytes after 24 hours of blood extraction, using either of the two Pgp specific inhibitors (VP and PSC833). Different working conditions in the 24 hours post blood extraction do not affect Rh123 efflux. These results allow standardization of Pgp activity measurement in different individuals with different timing of blood sampling and in different geographic areas. ______________

Association between dietary and beverage consumption patterns in the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) cohort study

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the dietary patterns of a Mediterranean cohort and relate them to the observed patterns of beverage consumption. Design: Prospective cohort study. Dietary habits were assessed with a semiquantitative FFQ validated in Spain. A principal components factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns and to classify subjects according to their adherence to these patterns. The association between adherence to each dietary pattern and beverage consumption was assessed cross-sectionally. In a longitudinal analysis (2-year follow-up), the relationship between adherence to the baseline dietary patterns and the likelihood of changing alcohol consumption was ascertained. Setting: The SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) study is conducted in Spain. Subjects: In total, 15 073 university graduates were included in the analyses. Results: Two major dietary patterns were identified. We labelled them as ‘Western dietary pattern’ (WDP) and ‘Mediterranean dietary pattern’ (MDP). Higher adherence to the WDP was associated with higher consumption of carbonated beverages and whole-fat milk (P for trend ,0?001), while higher adherence to the MDP was associated with higher consumption of decaffeinated coffee, orange juice, other natural juices, diet carbonated drinks, low-fat milk and bottled water (P for trend ,0?001). Participants with higher adherence to the WDP were less likely to decrease their alcohol consumption during follow-up (OR between extreme quintiles50?68; 95% CI 0?56, 0?84). By contrast, participants with higher adherence to the MDP were less likely to increase their alcohol consumption (OR50?66, 95% CI 0?46, 0?95). Conclusion: In this cohort of university graduates, a healthier dietary pattern was associated with a healthier pattern of beverage consumption

Geodetic fault slip rates on active faults in the Baza sub-Basin (SE Spain): Insights for seismic hazard assessment

One of the most significant parameters for seismic hazard assessment analyses is the fault slip rate. The combination of both geological (long-term) and geodetic (short-term) data offers a more complete characterization of the seismic potential of active faults. Moreover, geodetic data are also a helpful tool for the analysis of geodynamic processes. In this work, we present the results of a local GPS network from the Baza sub-Basin (SE Spain). This network, which includes six sites, was established in 2008 and has been observed for seven years. For the first time, we obtain short-term slip rates for the two active faults in this area. For the normal Baza Fault, we estimate slip rates ranging between 0.3 ± 0.3 mm/yr and 1.3 ± 0.4 mm/yr. For the strike-slip Galera Fault, we quantify the slip rate as 0.5 ± 0.3 mm/yr. Our GPS study shows a discrepancy for the Baza Fault between the short-term slip rates and previously reported long-term rates. This discrepancy indicates that the fault could be presently in a period with a displacement rate higher than the mean of the magnitude 6 seismic cycle. Moreover, the velocity vectors that we obtained also show the regional tectonic significance of the Baza Fault, as this structure accommodates one-third of the regional extension of the Central Betic Cordillera. Our GPS-related slip rates form the basis for future seismic hazard analysis in this area. Our results have further implications, as they indicate that the Baza and Galera Faults are kinematically coherent and they divide the Baza sub-Basin into two tectonic blocks. This points to a likely physical link between the Baza and Galera Faults; hence, a potential complex rupture involving both faults should be considered in future seismic hazard assessment studies.We acknowledge the comments of Editor Prof. Irina M. Artemieva and two anonymous reviewers, which significantly improved the quality of this paper. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University (Research Projects: RTI2018-100737-BI00 and CGL2016-80687-R), the University of Alicante (Research Project: VIGROB053), the University of Jaén (PAIUJA 2019-2020 and Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 - call made by UJA 2018), the University of Granada (B-RNM-301-UGR18) and the Junta de Andalucía regional government (RNM148, RNM282, and RNM370 and P18-RT-3275 research groups). We thank all observers who collected the data of survey-mode GPS measurements