Integridade superficial resultante de diferentes processos de usinagem

Among the factors that influence the performance of mechanical components, stand the material and surface conditions. During the machining process, the surface generated can be altered, which have influence on the properties of the material. Due to the variety of machining processes, it is necessary to evaluate the different processes in order to select the most appropriate for each manufacturing operation. Thus, the goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of different processes in the integrity of the generated surface using two conventional processes: drilling and milling, and one unconventional: electrical discharge machining (EDM). In drilling and milling tests were used carbide tools, and in EDM was used a copper electrode. The machined material was ABNT 1045 steel. The results showed bigger changes in the surface generated by the EDM process than those caused by the conventional processes. Key words: drilling, milling, EDM, properties of materials, process selection.Dentre os fatores que exercem influência sobre o desempenho dos componentes mecânicos, destacam-se o material utilizado e as condições da superfície. Durante o processo de usinagem, a superfície gerada pode sofrer alterações, as quais têm influência sobre as propriedades do material. Devido à variedade de processos de usinagem, é fundamental a avaliação dos diferentes processos, de modo a selecionar o mais adequado para cada operação de fabricação. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes processos sobre a integridade da superfície gerada, utilizando dois processos convencionais: furação e fresamento, e um não-convencional: a eletroerosão. Na realização dos ensaios de furação e fresamento foram utilizadas ferramentas inteiriças de metalduro, e na usinagem por eletroerosão foi utilizado um eletrodo de cobre. O material usinado foi o aço ABNT 1045. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram maiores alterações na superfície gerada pelo processo de eletroerosão do que as provocadas pelos processos convencionais. Palavras-chave: furação, fresamento, EDM, propriedades dos materiais, seleção de processos

Oral granular cell tumor: a study of twelve cases in a Brazilian population

Objectives: Analyze clinic and epidemiological aspects of all Oral Granular cell tumor (GCT) during a 5-year period in a Brazilian population. Study design: clinical and treatment outcome data of patients with oral GCT seen at the Division of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil, between January 2001 and December 2005 were reviewed. Results: during the analyzed period, 6231 oral lesions were collected from files of different anatomo-pathology laboratories situated in the state of Ceara, Brazil. Of all cases, only 12 of GCT were diagnosed. The lesion was more common in female patients, with a mean age of 40.8 years, occurring mainly in tongue. Conclusion: Oral GCT is a rare and infrequent lesion in this population, and affects more female in the third, fourth a fifth decade of life. Clinical significance: Although it is a rare occurrence in the oral cavity, the clinician must know about its occurrence and should include GCT in the differential diagnose of certain lesions especially when situated in tongu

Golden time: Analysis of the response time of the Mobile Urgency Care Service (Samu)

Background and Objectives: To analyze the golden time developed by the Mobile Emergency Care Service (Samu) in Floriano, Piauí, Brazil. There are few productions that primarily emphasize the service’s response time (golden hour), crucial for students and professionals in the field, whose knowledge on the issue can lead to saving lives. Methods: This is a descriptive, documentary, and quantitative study that analyzed emergency care records for the year 2018. It is based on the survey of the variables of the golden time stages, their nature, and the duration of events, analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. This study met all ethical principles based on the approval opinion of the ethics committee (No. 96443518.4.0000.5660). Results: The most frequent golden time performed by Samu was 15 to 30 minutes, in 58.5% of the cases. Adult clinical urgencies and emergencies were the most common types of events (35.50%). Conclusion: The most frequent service provided by Floriano’s Samu was clinical urgencies and emergencies in adults, with a response time of 15 to 30 minutes.Justificativa e Objetivos: analisar o Golden time desenvolvido pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência (SAMU) da cidade de Floriano, Piauí, Brasil. Justifica-se por haver poucas produções que enfatizam primordialmente o tempo (Golden Hour), tornando-se imprescindível aos estudantes e profissionais da área, mostrando que ter domínio e conhecimento do mesmo, pode salvar vidas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental e, abordagem quantitativa realizado a partir dos registros na ficha de atendimento referente ao ano de 2018, a partir do levantamento das variáveis das etapas do Golden time, natureza e tempo do evento, e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial.O presente estudo atendeu a todos os preceitos éticos com base no parecer de aprovação do comitê de ética (n° 96443518.4.0000.5660) Resultados: O Golden time mais frequentemente, em 58,5% dos casos, desenvolvido pelo SAMU foi de 15 a 30 minutos. As urgências e emergências clínicas em adultos foram os tipos de eventos mais comumente atendidos (35,50%). Conclusão O atendimento de maior frequência do SAMU de Floriano foi os casos de urgência e emergências clinicas em adultos, juntamente com o tempo de 15 a 30min

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Lung Transplantation: Initial Experience at a Single Brazilian Center

OBJECTIVE: To report initial experience from the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients who received lung transplantation. METHODS: Retrospective study of a single tertiary center in the Brazilian state of Sa˜o Paulo, a national reference in lung transplantation, based on the prospective collection of data from electronic medical records. The period analyzed extended from January 2009 (beginning of the program) until December 2018. RESULTS: A total of 75 lung transplants were performed, with ECMO used in 8 (10.7%) cases. Of the patients, 4 (50%) were female. The mean age was 46.4±14.3 years. The causes of the end-stage lung disease that led to transplantation were pulmonary arterial hypertension in 3 (37.5%) patients, bronchiectasis in 2 (25%) patients, pulmonary fibrosis in 2 (25%) patients, and pulmonary emphysema in 1 (12.5%) patient. In our series, 7 (87.5%) cases were sequential bilateral transplantations. Prioritization was necessary in 4 (50%) patients, and in 1 patient, ECMO was used as a bridge to transplantation. The ECMO route was central in 4 (50%), peripheral venovenous in 2 (25%) and peripheral venoarterial in 2 (25%) patients. The mean length of the intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 14±7.5 days and of the hospital stay was 34.1±34.2 days. The mean ECMO duration was 9.3±6.6 days with a 50% decannulation rate. Three patients were discharged (37.5%). CONCLUSION: Lung transplantation requires complex treatment, and ECMO has allowed extending the indications for transplantation and provided adjuvant support in the clinical management of these patients

Distribution of feline AB blood types : a review of frequencies and its implications in the Iberian Peninsula

The objective of this study was to document the prevalence of feline blood types in the Iberian Peninsula and to determine the potential risk of incompatibility-related transfusion reactions in unmatched transfusions and the potential risk of neonatal isoerythrolysis (NI) in kittens born to parents of unknown blood type. Blood samples were obtained from blood donors of the Animal Blood Bank (BSA-Banco de Sangue Animal). Blood typing was performed using a card method (RapidVet-H Feline Blood Typing; MDS). The studied population comprised 1070 purebred and non-purebred cats from Portugal and Spain aged between 1 and 8 years. Overall, frequencies of blood types A and B were 96.5% and 3.5%, respectively. No AB cats were found. Based on these data, the potential risks of NI and transfusion reactions in unmatched transfusions were calculated to be 6.8% and 2.8%, respectively. Unlike previous studies, no type AB cats were found in this study. Although the calculated potential risks of transfusion reaction in unmatched transfusions and neonatal isoerythrolysis were low, blood typing prior to blood transfusion and blood typing of cats for breeding purposes are highly recommended

Immunogenicity of PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS and Pvs25 chimeric recombinant protein of Plasmodium vivax in murine model

In the Americas, P. vivax is the predominant causative species of malaria, a debilitating and economically significant disease. Due to the complexity of the malaria parasite life cycle, a vaccine formulation with multiple antigens expressed in various parasite stages may represent an effective approach. Based on this, we previously designed and constructed a chimeric recombinant protein, PvRMC-1, composed by PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS, and Pvs25 epitopes. This chimeric protein was strongly recognized by naturally acquired antibodies from exposed population in the Brazilian Amazon. However, there was no investigation about the induced immune response of PvRMC-1. Therefore, in this work, we evaluated the immunogenicity of this chimeric antigen formulated in three distinct adjuvants: Stimune, AddaVax or Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) in BALB/c mice. Our results suggested that the chimeric protein PvRMC-1 were capable to generate humoral and cellular responses across all three formulations. Antibodies recognized full-length PvRMC-1 and linear B-cell epitopes from PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS, and Pvs25 individually. Moreover, mice’s splenocytes were activated, producing IFN-γ in response to PvCelTOS and PvCyRPA peptide epitopes, affirming T-cell epitopes in the antigen. While aluminum hydroxide showed notable cellular response, Stimune and Addavax induced a more comprehensive immune response, encompassing both cellular and humoral components. Thus, our findings indicate that PvRMC-1 would be a promising multistage vaccine candidate that could advance to further preclinical studies

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA CLASSIFICAÇÃO ASA NOS DESFECHOS CIRÚRGICOS: UM ARTIGO DE REVISÃO

This article aims to carry out a review of the current medical literature on the relationship The classification of physical status made by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA classification) aims to categorize the surgical risk that the patient will be subject to according to his clinical status.  There are studies that associate the ASA classification with postoperative complications and morbidity and mortality, while others state that this parameter is not so adequate. This article aims to analyze other literature and define how to use the ASA classification to measure favorable surgical outcomes. To this end, the authors conducted a systematic review of studies indexed in the PubMed database, using descriptors related to the theme proposed in this study. The articles were carefully selected, aiming at the veracity and reliability of this work. The selected studies addressed both favorable and unfavorable characteristics of the ASA classification and its use. Thus, several studies have proven the effectiveness of the score and it can be used in conjunction with the collection of a good history. However, there are specific procedures that do not benefit as much from classification and, therefore, other tools to assist in the screening of high-risk patients can be used.A classificação do estado físico feita pela Sociedade Americana de Anestesiologistas (classificação ASA) visa categorizar o risco cirúrgico que o doente estará sujeito mediante seu estado clínico.  Há estudos que associam a classificação ASA com complicações pós-operatórias e morbimortalidade, enquanto outros afirmam que esse parâmetro não é tão adequado. O presente artigo busca analisar outras literaturas e definir como utilizar a classificação ASA para mensurar os desfechos cirúrgicos favoráveis. Para tanto, os autores realizaram uma revisão sistemática de trabalhos indexados na base de dados PubMed,  utilizando  descritores  relacionados  ao  tema  proposto  neste estudo.  Os  artigos foram  selecionados  de  forma  criteriosa,  almejando  a  veracidade  e  confiabilidade  deste trabalho. Os estudos selecionados abordaram tanto características favoráveis quanto desfavoráveis da classificação ASA e da sua utilização. Dessa forma, diversos estudos comprovaram a eficácia do escore e ele pode ser usado em conjunto com a coleta de uma boa história. Entretanto há procedimentos específicos que não se beneficiam tanto da classificação e, portanto, outras ferramentas de auxílio na triagem de pacientes de alto risco podem ser utilizadas.&nbsp

AVALIAÇÃO DA SATISFAÇÃO NO ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL SOB A PERSPECTIVA DISCENTE

Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) established Emergency Remote Education (ERE) in July 2020, with the purpose of continuing the first semester of classes at the institution.  Considering the adaptive period, the goal was to evaluate the satisfaction of the students studying Pharmacy with ERE, focusing on the learning process.  Data collection was carried out through a virtual platform, with a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data, lifestyle habits and the teaching-learning process. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression and the CART technique. The profile of the responding students was mainly characterized by women and students from the undergraduate professional cycle (above the 5th period). The average general satisfaction  with the teaching of students was 3.12 (on a scale that ranged from 1 to 5), showing an inverse correlation with learning in the professional cycle of the course (p<0.000).  Only 3.1% of students who indicated “none or little learning” rated having maximum satisfaction with the ERE. There was low satisfaction with the quality of practical classes (3.06), revealing the limitation of the ERE for the development of courses with content as practical as that of Pharmacy Finally, great satisfaction is observed for factors related to the didactics and methodology of the professor, showing their engagement and dedication with the ERE, despite the difficulties for its establishment.Debido a la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2, la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) estableció la Enseñanza Remota de Emergencia (ERE), en julio de 2020, con el objetivo de continuar el primer semestre de clases. Teniendo en cuenta el periodo de adaptación, el objetivo fue evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes del curso de Farmacia con la ERE, enfocándose en el proceso de aprendizaje. Se realizó la recolección de datos a través de una plataforma virtual, con cuestionario acerca de datos sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida y el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de regresión lineal simple y la técnica CART. El perfil de los estudiantes que respondieron se caracterizó principalmente por mujeres y estudiantes del ciclo profesional del curso de grado (después del quinto período). El promedio de satisfacción global con la docencia de los estudiantes fue de 3,12 (en una escala que osciló de 1 a 5), mostrando correlación inversa con el aprendizaje en el ciclo profesional del curso (p<0,000). Solo el 3,1% de los estudiantes que indicaron “poco o ningún aprendizaje" evaluaron tener la máxima satisfacción con el ERE. Hubo baja satisfacción con la calidad de las clases prácticas (3.06), revelando la limitación del ERE para el desarrollo de cursos con contenido tan práctico como el de Farmacia. Finalmente, se retrata una satisfacción por encima de la media por factores relacionados con la didáctica y metodologías del profesor, mostrando la dedicación de los profesores para adaptarse incluso con los obstáculos del ERE.Devido à pandemia do SARS-CoV-2, a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) estabeleceu o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), em julho de 2020, com o objetivo de dar continuidade ao primeiro semestre letivo de aulas na instituição. Considerando o período adaptativo, objetivou-se avaliar a satisfação dos discentes do curso de Farmácia com o ERE, focando no processo de aprendizagem. Realizou-se coleta de dados por meio de plataforma virtual, com questionário sobre dados sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida e processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os dados foram analisados por meio de regressão linear simples e da técnica CART. O perfil dos alunos respondentes foi caracterizado majoritariamente por mulheres e estudantes do ciclo profissionalizante da graduação (acima do 5º período). A média de satisfação geral com o ensino dos discentes foi de 3,12 (em uma escala que variou de 1 a 5), apresentando correlação inversa ao aprendizado no ciclo profissionalizante do curso (p<0,000). Apenas 3,1% dos alunos que indicaram “nenhum ou pouco aprendizado” atribuíram satisfação máxima com o ERE. Observou-se menor satisfação com a qualidade das aulas práticas (3,06), revelando a limitação do ERE para o desenvolvimento de cursos com conteúdos tão práticos como o de Farmácia. Por fim, é retratada uma satisfação acima da média para fatores relacionados à didática e metodologias dos docentes, mostrando o compromisso e dedicação dos professores ao ERE, apesar das dificuldades para o seu estabelecimento

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states