Työelämäedustajien kokemuksia ohjaustoiminnan koulutusohjelman opinnäytetöistä

Tämä opinnäytetyö lähti liikkeelle ohjaustoiminnan koulutusohjelman tarpeesta tietää, onko tehdyistä opinnäytetöistä pidempiaikaista hyötyä työelämälle. Lähtökohtana oli viisi ohjaustoiminnan vanhustyöhön keskittynyttä opinnäytetyötä. Tavoitteena oli selvittää, millaista hyötyä ohjaustoiminnan koulutusohjelmassa tehdyistä opinnäytetöistä on ollut niissä mukana olleille työelämäyhteyksille. Aineisto kerättiin puolistrukturoidulla haastattelulla neljältä hämeenlinnalaiselta työelämäedustajalta, jotka olivat toimineet ohjaustoiminnan opinnäytetyön ohjaajana vuosina 2004—2009. Aineisto analysoitiin koodaamalla ja teemoittelemalla. Opinnäytetyön taustaksi perehdyttiin teoriaan ammattikorkeakoulun historiasta, opinnäytetyöstä, verkostoitumisesta sekä kumppanuudesta. Lisäksi teoria käsitteli vanhustyötä ja kulttuurista virkistystoimintaa, jotka yhdistivät tutkimuksen lähtökohtana olleita opinnäytetöitä. Tuloksena voidaan esittää, että opinnäytetöistä on ollut työelämälle monenlaista hyötyä. Opinnäytetyöt ovat tuottaneet tietoa ja materiaalia, joita on hyödynnetty työpaikalla. Lisäksi opinnäytetöiden sekä niiden tekijöiden on koettu tuovan virkistystä työelämäedustajien arkeen ja heidän työnsä on tullut näkyväksi niiden kautta. Opinnäytetöiden sisällä toteutetuilla toiminnallisilla osuuksilla on ollut positiivisia vaikutuksia myös asiakkaisiin. Tämän opinnäytetyön tutkimuskohde oli hämeenlinnalaiset työelämäedustajat. Pohdinnassa esitettiin ehdotus jatkotutkimuksesta, jossa työelämäedustajien kokemuksia ohjaustoiminnan opinnäytetöiden suhteen voisi selvittää myös muualla Suomessa.The thesis was commissioned by the Degree Programme in Crafts and Recreation at HAMK University of Applied Sciences and the aim was to find out if the theses made in the degree programme offered any long-term benefits for the working-life. The starting point was five theses previously made in the Degree Programme in Crafts and Recreation. These theses were made in the field of elderly care. The aim was to find out what kind of benefits the theses had offered to the working-life partners that had participated in the process. The data was collected by half-structured interviews conducted with four representatives from the working-life in Hämeenlinna. They had been tutoring the students during 2004—2009. The collected data was analyzed by using codes and themes. The theoretical frame of the thesis introduces some history of the university of applied sciences, theory underlying the Bachelor’s Thesis, networking and partnership. In addition, the theoretical frame discusses work with the aged and cultural recreation activities - common factors in all the Bachelor’s Theses in question. Based on the research it can be stated that the Bachelor’s Theses have provided many benefits for the working-life. They have produced information and material that have been utilised in the workplaces. In addition to that, the theses and the students have invigorated the everyday life of the tutors and made their work visible. The activities carried out in conjunction with the theses have also had positive influences on the clients. The research subjects in this thesis were representatives from the working-life in Hämeenlinna. A suggestion for further study in the degree programme in Crafts and Recreation could be to explore the experiences of working-life partners even in other parts of Finland

Anàlisi dels desequilibris musculars com a factors intrínsecs de risc de lesió muscular i lligamentosa del tren inferior en futbolistes de 3ª Divisió Nacional Espanyola

La tesi doctoral té com a finalitat estudiar la influència que poden tenir els desequilibris musculars, i en conseqüència els dèficits de força i potència que aquests generen, sobre les lesions musculars i lligamentoses del tren inferior amb futbolistes d’alt rendiment. Aquesta investigació Ex Post Facto Longitudinal de grup únic es basa amb una recollida de dades de la variable independent mitjançant quatre materials tecnològics de registre i seguidament amb una recollida de dades de la variable dependent durant 365 dies. Les aportacions són que la mostra de futbolistes d’alt rendiment presentava dèficits bilaterals, sobretot dels músculs isquiosurals, els quals per cada punt d’augment incrementava un 25% més el risc de lesió muscular, i també dèficits entre els músculs flexors i extensors del genoll, degut a la gran participació del quàdriceps en la majoria de les accions de joc en aquesta disciplina esportiva.The aim of the thesis was to study the influence of the muscular imbalances and the lack of strength that they generate, over the muscular and ligament injuries in the lower limb with high performance footballers. This is an Ex Post Facto Longitudinal research with a simple group, and the data was taken using four different technological devices and a collection of data during 365 days. The conclusions were that the footballers had bilateral deficit, especially in the hamstring muscles, so they had more probabilities (25%) to suffer a hamstring injury. They also had a low quadriceps:hamstring ratio because of the great involvement of the quadriceps in the most of the actions in football

Study of seawater biofiltration by measuring adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and turbidity

In the present study, we examined seawater biofiltration in terms of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and turbidity. A pilot biofilter continuously fed with fresh seawater reduced both turbidity and biological activity measured by ATP. Experiments operated with an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of between 2 and 14 min resulted in cellular ATP removals of 32% to 60% and turbidity removals of 38% to 75%. Analysis of the water from backwashing the biofilter revealed that the first half of the biofilter concentrated around 80% of the active biomass and colloidal material that produces turbidity. By reducing the EBCT, the biological activity moved from the first part of the biofilter to the end. Balances of cellular ATP and turbidity between consecutive backwashings indicated that the biological activity generated in the biofilter represented more than 90% of the detached cellular ATP. In contrast, the trapped ATP was less than 10% of the overall cellular ATP detached during the backwashing process. Furthermore, the biological activity generated in the biofilter seemed to be more dependent on the elapsed time than the volume filtered. In contrast, the turbidity trapped in the biofilter was proportional to the volume filtered, although a slightly higher amount of turbidity was found in the backwashing water; this was probably due to attrition of the bed medium. Finally, no correlations were found between turbidity and ATP, indicating that the two parameters focus on different matter. This suggests that turbidity should not be used as an alternative to cellular concentration

Poly(butylene terephthalate-co-5-tert-butyl isophthalate) Copolyesters: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties

A series of poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 5-tert-butyl isophthalate units up to 50%-mole, as well as the homopolyester entirely made of these units, were prepared by polycondensation from the melt. The microstructure of the copolymers was determined by NMR to be at random for the whole range of compositions. The effect exerted by the 5-tert-butyl isophthalate units on thermal, tensile and gas transport properties was evaluated. Both Tm and crystallinity as well as the mechanical moduli were found to decrease steadily with copolymerization whereas Tg increased and the polyesters became more brittle. Permeability and solubility sligthly increased also with the content in substituted units whereas the diffusion coefficient remained practically constant. For the homopolyester poly(5-tert-butyl isophthalate), all these properties were found to deviate significantly from the general trend displayed by copolyesters suggesting that a different chain mode of packing in the amorphous phase is likely adopted in this case

Effects of inorganic nitrogen (NH4Cl) and biodegradable organic carbon (CH3COONa) additions on a pilot-scale seawater biofilter

Biofilters degrade only a small fraction of the natural organic matter (NOM) contained in seawater which is the leading cause of biofouling in downstream processes. This work studies the effects of chemical additions on NOM biodegradation by biofilters. In this work, biofiltration of seawater with an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 6 min and a hydraulic loading rate of 10 m h-1 reduces the biological oxygen demand (BOD7) by 8%, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 6% and the UV absorbance at 254 nm (A254) by 7%. Different amounts of ammonium chloride are added to the seawater (up to twice the total dissolved nitrogen in untreated seawater) to study its possible effect on the removal of NOM by a pilot-scale biofilter. Seawater is amended with different amounts of easily biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) supplied as sodium acetate (up to twice the DOC) for the same purpose. The results of this work reveal that the ammonium chloride additions do not significantly affect NOM removal and the sodium acetate is completely consumed by the biofiltration process. For both types of chemical additions, the BOD7, DOC and A254 in the outlet stream of the biofilter are similar to the values for the untreated control. These results indicate that this biofilter easily removes the BDOC from the seawater when the EBCT is not above 6 min. Furthermore, nitrogen does not limit the NOM biodegradation in seawater under these experimental conditions