Organic and inorganic compounds as corrosion inhibitors to reduce galvanic effect for the hybrid structure AA2024-CFPR

The effect of the galvanic corrosion process taking place between aluminium alloy (AA2024-T3) and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) immersed in 0.05 M NaCl was studied using organic and inorganic compounds as corrosion inhibitors. Electrochemical approaches such as electrochemical noise analysis (ENA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to evaluate efficiencies of 1,2,4-triazole (C2H3N3) and cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3·6H2O) as corrosion inhibitors. The highest efficiency was reached for Ce(NO3)3.6H2O, with some improvement observed by adding C2H3N3 in a mixed inhibitor solution. The noise resistance (Rn) and polarization resistance (Rp) values calculated from ENA and EIS data showed almost identical behavior with different magni­tudes but similar trends. Adsorption isotherm models estimated with fractional surface coverage (q) parameter were fitted better to Langmuir model for C2H3N3 and Temkin model for Ce(NO3)3·6H2O. The calculated values of Gibbs free energy suggested physi­sorption and chemisorption as spontaneous interactions between a metal surface and both inhibitors. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was carried out before and after immersing AA2024-T3 in the electrolyte, identifying rich zones in copper with cerium deposited over it and confirming the presence of rare-earth oxide deposition and oxide film products. The EDS analysis for CFRP revealed the deposition of Ce and Al particles over its surface after immersion in the electrolyte, especially in the areas rich in carbon

Ultrasound- guided placement of double catheter in the right internal jugular vein: two case reports

Central vascular access in critically ill paediatric patients is, many times, a challenge for physicians due to the number of lines needed for multiple infusions. We present ultrasound-guided placement of a double catheter in the right internal jugular vein in two patients that required multiple central lines for management

Implementation of a roadmap for the comprehensive diagnosis, follow-up, and research of childhood leukemias in vulnerable regions of Mexico: results from the PRONAII Strategy

The main objective of the National Project for Research and Incidence of Childhood Leukemias is to reduce early mortality rates for these neoplasms in the vulnerable regions of Mexico. This project was conducted in the states of Oaxaca, Puebla, and Tlaxcala. A key strategy of the project is the implementation of an effective roadmap to ensure that leukemia patients are the target of maximum benefit of interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, clinicians, surveyors, and laboratories. This strategy guarantees the comprehensive management of diagnosis and follow-up samples of pediatric patients with leukemia, centralizing, managing, and analyzing the information collected. Additionally, it allows for a precise diagnosis and monitoring of the disease through immunophenotype and measurable residual disease (MRD) studies, enhancing research and supporting informed clinical decisions for the first time in these regions through a population-based study. This initiative has significantly improved the diagnostic capacity of leukemia in girls, boys, and adolescents in the regions of Oaxaca, Puebla, and Tlaxcala, providing comprehensive, high-quality care with full coverage in the region. Likewise, it has strengthened collaboration between health institutions, researchers, and professionals in the sector, which contributes to reducing the impact of the disease on the community

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Data from: Biogeographic regions of North American mammals based on endemism

Since the 19th century, two regions have been recognized for North American mammals, which overlap in Mexico. The Nearctic region corresponds to the northern areas and the Neotropical region to the southern ones. There are no recent regionalizations for these regions under the criterion of endemism. We integrate herein two methods to regionalize North America, using species distribution models of mammals: Endemicity Analysis (EA) and Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE). EA was used to obtain areas of endemism and PAE to hierarchize them. We found 76 consensus areas from 329 sets, classified in 146 cladograms, and the strict consensus cladogram shows a basal polytomy with 14 areas and 16 clades. The final regionalization recognizes two regions (Nearctic and Neotropical) and a transition zone (Mexican Transition Zone), six subregions (Canadian, Alleghanian, Californian-Rocky Mountain, Pacific Central America, Mexican Gulf-Central America and Central America), two dominions (Californian and Rocky Mountain) and 23 provinces. Our analysis show that North America is probably more complex than previously assumed

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Hybridization rate and climate change: Are endangered species at risk?

Many species are altering their geographic range due to climate change creating new sympatric populations of otherwise allopatric populations. We investigated whether climate change will affect the distribution and thus the pattern of hybridization between two pairs of closely related damselfly species [Ischnura damula and I. demorsa, and I. denticollis and I. gemina (this, an endangered species)]. Thus, we estimated the strength of pre and postmating reproductive barriers between both pairs of species, and we predicted future potential distribution under four different Global Circulation Models and a realistic emissions scenario of climate change by using maximum entropy modelling technique. Our results showed that reproductive isolation (RI) is complete in I. damula × I. demorsa individuals: F1 (first generation) hybrids are produced but do not reach sexual maturation. However, RI in I. denticollis × I. gemina hybrids is high but incomplete and unidirectional: only I. gemina females produced F1 hybrids which mate with males and females of I. denticollis and between them producing BC1 (backcrosses) and F2 (second generation) viable hybrids. Maximum entropy models revealed a northern and westward shift and a general reduction of the potential geographic ranges. Based on the pattern of hybridization, for I. damula and I. demorsa there is a current threat as well as a rapid displacement and/or extinction of I. gemina by I. denticollis. However, the current pattern of extinction may not continue due to the contraction in ranges of the four species. © 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Toward a biogeographic regionalization of the Nearctic region: Area nomenclature and digital map

Escalante, Tania, Rodríguez-Tapia, Gerardo, Morrone, Juan J. (2021): Toward a biogeographic regionalization of the Nearctic region: Area nomenclature and digital map. Zootaxa 5027 (3): 351-375, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5027.3.

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