El impacto de la enseñanza basada en competencias según el programa de estudios preescolar de la educación pública

This article exhibits the impact of Competency-Based English Teaching from the perspective of the English by Immersion preschool teachers, in the virtual modality, during the first semester of 2020. The research problem from which this article draws from is based in the need of preschool education to be renovated regarding the strategies utilized for English teaching. The authors’ objective is to present the results of the evaluation performed to determine the impact of Competency-Based Education in the virtual environment of public preschool education. This assessment was carried out in a micro level, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, in an applied and transversal study. All teachers registered in the English by Immersion program by MEP, who completed a questionnaire, from which was possible to analyze and interpret the data to stablish the conclusions presented in this article, were included in the research.El estudio de la profesión docente y las experiencias que surgen a lo largo de su gran labor en las aulas ha sido un tema de interés para muchos investigadores en ámbito educativo. Esta investigación, no es la excepción, sin embargo, tiene una gran peculiaridad: el estudio y exploración el desempeño de la población docente de inglés por inmersión en Preescolar en el mundo de la educación virtual. En este escrito se ha dado a conocer el impacto que ha tenido la enseñanza de inglés por competencias basado en la unidad naranja del plan de estudios en preescolar de la Educación Pública Costarricense en la repentina migración a la virtualidad debido a la emergencia mundial por COVID19. Diferentes autores reconocen que la persona docente de preescolar es un agente indispensable en la educación, y las estrategias que como profesionales crean para enseñar a sus alumnos representan el camino al conocimiento para adquirir las competencias más básicas para la vida. La manera en que las docentes perciban la educación virtual y la situación que han experimentado, influencia en gran medida el proceso pedagógic

El uso de la tecnología en el tratamiento logopédico de personas con afasia. Revisión bibliográfica.

Los avances en la rehabilitación basada en tecnología para pacientes con daño cerebral adquirido ofrecen posibles soluciones a los problemas que enfrentan cuando buscan rehabilitación. Diversos factores como los recursos económicos, la imposibilidad para moverse o la dificultad para trasladarse al centro, actúan como barrera para que estas personas se beneficien de una rehabilitación adecuada. Asimismo, las personas que sufren afasia suelen ser de edad avanzada, por tanto pueden tener dificultades en la adopción tecnológica. No obstante, la terapia mediante herramientas tecnológicas facilita el acceso a los servicios de rehabilitación a las personas con esta afección, extendiendo la realización de las sesiones al domicilio de los pacientes, reduciendo la necesidad de desplazamientos. Sin embargo, el uso de terapia tecnológica no reemplaza el servicio que ofrece la terapia logopédica presencial. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la eficacia que tienen las herramientas tecnológicas tras su aplicación en el tratamiento logopédico a personas con afasia. Para ello, se realizó una revisión teórica mediante la base de datos PuntoQ en la cual tras una búsqueda exhaustiva se seleccionaron 8 artículos conforme a los descriptores y criterios establecidos, así como criterios de exclusión. A pesar de que los distintos artículos analizados no utilizan el mismo procedimiento y los mismos métodos de evaluación, los resultados obtenidos señalan que las distintas herramientas ofrecen mejoras significativas en las diversas áreas del lenguaje. Asimismo, existen numerosas plataformas tecnológicas destinadas a la rehabilitación de la afasia, sin embargo, no existen tantos estudios en relación con el número de estas.Advances in technology-based rehabilitation for patients with acquired brain injury offer possible solutions to the problems they face when seeking rehabilitation. Several factors such as economic resources, the inability to move or the difficulty to move to the center, act as a barrier for these people to benefit from adequate rehabilitation. Likewise, people who suffer from aphasia are usually elderly, therefore they may have difficulties in adopting technology. However, therapy using technological tools facilitates access to rehabilitation services for people with this condition, extending the sessions to the patients' homes, reducing the need for travel. However, the use of technological therapy does not replace the service offered by face-to-face speech therapy. This work aims to determine the effectiveness of technological tools after their application in speech therapy treatment for people with aphasia. For this, a theoretical review was carried out using the PuntoQ database in which, after an exhaustive search, 8 articles were selected according to the established descriptors and criteria, as well as exclusion criteria. Although the different articles analyzed do not use the same procedure and the same evaluation methods, the results obtained indicate that the different tools offer significant improvements in the different areas of language. Likewise, there are numerous technological platforms aimed at the rehabilitation of aphasia, however, there are not so many studies in relation to the number of these

Recovery of proteins from biomass grown in pig manure microalgae-based treatment plants by alkaline hydrolysis and acidic precipitation

Producción CientíficaThe influence of three variables on key parameters of the protein extraction process (an alkaline hydrolysis followed by an acidic precipitation) for biomass from innovative photo-bioreactors for pig manure treatment was evaluated. Alkaline hydrolysis provided high solubilisation values (up to 66.5% of the biomass), augmenting with increasing values of the three studied variables (NaOH concentration, temperature and time). Nevertheless, moderate total (13.2%) and protein extraction yields (16.9%) were obtained, which was attributable to protein denaturation or to the low effectivity of the precipitation method. Extracts rich in proteins (53.5%–77.9%) with suitable amino acid profiles were obtained, but significant amounts of the initial lipids (up to 44.6%) were co-extracted probably due to fatty acids saponification. These results establish the first step for future studies in enhancing cell wall disruption and protein recovery by coupling alkaline hydrolysis with other mechanical pre-treatments, while considering alternative separation and purification methods.Junta de Castilla y León (Projects UIC 071 / CLU 2017-09 / VA080G18)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Project CTQ2017-84006-C3-1-R)EU-FEDER (Projects CLU 2017-09 / CTQ2017-84006-C3-1-R

Comparison between electrochemical capacitors based on NaOH and KOH activated carbons

This work describes the chemical activation of a coke using two different activating agents to investigate their behavior as electrodes in supercapacitors. A coke was chemically activated with two hydroxides (KOH and NaOH) under nitrogen flow, at a constant mass hydroxide/coke ratio of 2 and temperatures of 600, 650, and 700 °C. All of the samples were characterized in terms of porosity by N2 sorption at 77 K, surface chemistry by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and electrical conductivity. Their electrochemical behavior as electric double-layer capacitors was determined using galvanostatic, voltammetric, and impedance spectroscopy techniques in an aqueous medium with 1 M H2SO4 as the electrolyte. Large differences in capacitive behavior with the increase in the current density were found between the two series of activated samples. The different trends were correlated with the results obtained from the TPD analysis of the CO-type oxygen groups. It was found that these oxygen groups make a positive contribution to capacitance, finding a good correlation between the specific capacitance values, and the amount of these oxygen groups was found for both series.This work was supported by the MICIN (Project MAT2007-61467).Peer reviewe

Actividad antifúngica del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Schinus molle sobre el crecimiento de Lasiodiplodia theobromae en condiciones de laboratorio

Se evalúo  la  actividad antifúngica del extracto etanólico de las hojas de molle, Schinus molle, sobre Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Para ello, se preparó el medio de cultivo agar papa dextrosa y luego se procedió a obtener  el extracto etanólico a concentraciones de 0, 25, 30, 35%. Los resultados se analizaron mediante el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento micelial. El extracto de molle demostró tener actividad antifúngica sobre L. theobromae a la concentración de 30% (p<0,05). Se concluye que el extracto de S. molle presenta actividad antifúngica sobre L. theobromae, en condiciones de laboratorio.Palabras clave: extracto etanólico, L. theobromae, S. molle, actividad antifúngica

Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails. METHODS: This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication ( from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English). We found 292 documents, of which 91 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The main challenges are the intersectoral, participatory, and integral approach (with emphasis on mental health and sexual and reproductive health), ensured accessibility to health services, the need for a reliable registration and information system of the population displaced by violence and its characteristics, and the addressing of the biopsychosocial problems of the different groups, especially women, persons with disabilities or infectious diseases, adolescents, children, ethnic minorities, older adults and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersexual population. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of political will to accept and see the internal displacement by violence and its importance as a humanitarian and public health problem is an obstacle to the adequate and timely care of the population displaced by violence in Mexico

5ª Jornada de Doctorandos

Optimization of protein extraction from microalgae grown in wastewaters: Effect of operational variables of alkaline hydrolys

Scrutinising evidence for the triggering of Active Galactic Nuclei in the outskirts of massive galaxy clusters at z≈1z\approx1

Environmental effects are believed to play an important yet poorly understood role in triggering accretion events onto the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) of galaxies (Active Galactic Nuclei; AGN). Massive clusters, which represent the densest structures in the Universe, provide an excellent laboratory to isolate environmental effects and study their impact on black hole growth. In this work, we critically review observational evidence for the preferential activation of SMBHs in the outskirts of galaxy clusters. We develop a semi-empirical model under the assumption that the incidence of AGN in galaxies is independent of environment. We demonstrate that the model is broadly consistent with recent observations on the AGN halo occupation at $z=0.2$, although it may overpredict satellite AGN in massive halos at that low redshift. We then use this model to interpret the projected radial distribution of X-ray sources around high redshift ($z\approx1$) massive ($>5 \times 10^{14} \, M_\odot$) clusters, which show excess counts outside their virial radius. Such an excess naturally arises in our model as a result of sample variance. Up to 20% of the simulated projected radial distributions show excess counts similar to the observations, which are however, because of background/foreground AGN and hence, not physically associated with the cluster. Our analysis emphasises the importance of projection effects and shows that current observations of $z\approx1$ clusters remain inconclusive on the activation of SMBHs during infall.Comment: Submitted to MNRAS, 15 pages, 12 Figure