Warren Reyerson and Mace Reyerson, ISTC Football 1960 Season 50th Anniversary

This collection consists of a PDF booklet created by Warren Reyerson celebrating the 1960 Iowa State Teachers College football team. The booklet is titled ISTC 50 Anniversary Dream Season, 1960 - 2010, and it was intended to be a gift to the 1960 team. Warren Reyerson is the son of Mace Reyerson, an ISTC alumni and member of the 1960 football team. The booklet contains photographs, artwork, and text about the 1960 season and the 50th anniversary reunion for this team, which was held in September 2010. Text includes information about individual players, game narratives and statistics, rosters, schedules, and general memories. Material of the type found in this collection can also be found in print format in Special Collections & University Archives. For more information, see the finding aid for this specific collection.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/reyerson_itscfootball/1000/thumbnail.jp

Medieval Notaries and Their Acts: The 1327–1328 Register of Jean Holanie

This book explores the beginnings of the continental European notarial tradition, acquainting readers with the format of notarial documents, the books containing notarial acts, and with the variety of notarial acts.https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/mip_teamsdp/1004/thumbnail.jp

Is 14C-AMS analysis of phytoliths a suitable tool ?

14C AMS analysis of occluded carbon in phytoliths (phytC) is a promising dating tool for palaeoenvironmental and archaeological studies. In order to assess the accuracy of this method, different tests were recently carried out on large phytolith concentrates of phytC samples extracted from soils and harvested plants, in association with blank samples of SiO2 powder to check the absence of carbon contamination during the treatments. Despite this precaution, 14C values from recent harvested plants were inexplicably old (2 - 8 ka years BP). Nevertheless, we noticed that many chemical extraction protocols that were used did not lead to samples totally free of organic matter. In order to tackle this problem, and as a first step, the efficiency of common extraction protocols from the literature were tested. Samples were analyzed by SEM/EDX in order to assess the purity of the siliceous material following extraction. As a result of these tests, a new extraction protocol combining acid digestion, oxidation and dry ashing to acquire pure samples of phytoliths from harvested plants is proposed. In a second step, modern and well dated archaeological materials (harvested plants grown within a FACE experiment and plant residues from a 17th century French mummy) were analyzed in 14C-AMS. Results should allow either to demonstrate the reliability of 14C-AMS analysis of phytolith occluded carbon as a dating tool or trigger further investigations of possible sources of old occluded carbon in phytoliths if the 14C ages are still older than expected

807-2 Effect of Age on Left Ventricular Diastolic Filling Patterns During Orthostatic Stress

Although numerous studies have demonstrated reduced early diastolic left ventricular (LV) peak filling velocity IE) and accentuated late filling velocity (A) with advancing age in the supine position, the effect of orthostatic stress on age-associated diastolic filling patterns is unknown. Accordingly, 30 healthy normotensive volunteers ages 19 to 90 years from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging underwent sequential Doppler echocardiography after 3 minutes each in the supine, seated, and standing positions. In the overall sample, standing was accompanied by an increase in heart rate (HR) of 8.8±1.7 beats/min, and decreases in E(20.6±2.7cm/sl. A 150±2.7cm/s)and LV diastolic dimension (LVDD) (7.8±0.8mm), x±SEM, each p<0.001 versus supine values. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and atrial filling fraction (AFF) were unaffected by posture. Correlation coefficients versus age for relevant Doppler and hemodynamic variables are shown.EAE/AAFFHRSBPLVDDSupine-0.58†0.80†-0.78†0.84†0.010.56†-0.14Sit-0.360.77†-0.83†0.78†-0.040.37*-0.07Stand-0.240.60†-0.69†0.71†-0.320.47†0.09ΔSupine → Stand0.53†-0.46†0.56†-0.17-0.61†0.220.40**p<005†p<001Thus, orthostatic stress abolishes the reduction of E and attenuates the exaggerated A observed with advancing age in the supine position. probably because of the blunted standing-induced HR increase in older subjects. However, the supine age-associated increase in AFF is unaffected by orthostasis

Interactive comment on ″Comment on : ″Possible source of ancient carbon in phytolith concentrates from harvested grasses″ by G.M. Santos et al. (2012)″ by L.A. Sullivan and J.F. Parr

International audienc

Merchant Guilds, Taxation and Social Capital

We develop a theory of the emergence of merchant guilds as an efficient mechanism to foster cooperation between merchants and rulers, building on the complementarity between merchant guilds’ ability to enforce monopoly over trade and their social capital. Unlike existing models, we focus on local merchant guilds, rather than alien guilds, accounting for the main observed features of their behavior, internal organization and relationship with rulers. Our model delivers novel predictions about the emergence, variation, functioning, and eventual decline of this highly successful historical form of network. Our theory reconciles previous explanations and the large body of historical evidence on medieval merchant guilds. In doing so, we also shed novel light on the role of the guilds’ social capital, and its importance for taxation, welfare, and the development of towns and their government in medieval Europe

The Churches' Bans on Consanguineous Marriages, Kin-Networks and Democracy

This paper highlights the role of kin-networks for the functioning of modern societies: countries with strong extended families as characterized by a high level of cousin marriages exhibit a weak rule of law and are more likely autocratic. To assess causality, I exploit a quasi-natural experiment. In the early medieval ages the Church started to prohibit kin-marriages. Using the variation in the duration and extent of the Eastern and Western Churches' bans on consanguineous marriages as instrumental variables, reveals highly significant point estimates of the percentage of cousin marriage on an index of democracy. An additional novel instrument, cousin-terms, strengthens this point: the estimates are very similar and do not rest on the European experience alone. Exploiting within country variation of cousin marriages in Italy, as well as within variation of a 'societal marriage pressure' indicator for a larger set of countries support these results. These findings point to a causal effect of marriage patterns on the proper functioning of formal institutions and democracy. The study further suggests that the Churches' marriage rules - by destroying extended kin-groups - led Europe on its special path of institutional and democratic development

Les stratégies commerciales des villes secondaires : identités changeantes en Méditerranée médiévale

Tout le monde ne pouvait dominer dans le monde commercial de la Méditerranée et, si l’on n’appartenait pas aux plus puissants, il fallait trouver des stratégies pour assurer sa survie et même son expansion. Il fallait manœuvrer dans le monde des puissants. Les villes du sud de la France et les villes moyennes de la Ligurie, de la Toscane, et de la terra firma de Venise se trouvaient dans la catégorie des moins puissants que les géants, Gênes, Pise et Venise. Toutes les villes avaient aussi à ..