Etnobotánica "apprehendere et iocari" II

Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte

MADRID (Marco Activo De Recursos de Innovación Docente). Madrid - Comunidad

Fac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte

Aproximación al catálogo micológico de la Dehesa de Somosierra y nuevas citas para la Comunidad de Madrid (España)

An approach to the mycological catalogue of the Dehesa of Somosierra, in the northeast corner of the Community of Madrid, has been carried out. The expeditions were accomplished from April 2013 to October 2015. A total of 96 species were identified belonging to 45 families and 18 orders. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the species as Hyalorbilia inflatula, Panellus serotinus and Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri have been cited in the Community of Madrid.Con este trabajo presentamos la aproximación al catálogo micológico de la Dehesa de Somosierra, ubicada en la parte noreste de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se realizaron muestreos periódicos a lo largo del año desde abril de 2013 a octubre de 2015. Como resultado de los mismos se han identificado un total de 96 especies, correspondientes a 45 familias integradas en 18 órdenes. Hasta donde sabemos, es la primera vez que se citan para la Comunidad de Madrid las especies Hyalorbilia inflatula, Panellus serotinus y Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri.Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

Chemical composition of the essential oils of the Iberian peninsula endemic species eryngium dilatatum lam

2024 Descuento MDPIEryngium dilatatum Lam. is a thorny Iberian Peninsula endemic species belonging to the Apiaceae family that has not been previously analysed from a chemical point of view. Following our studies on this genus, we characterized the chemical composition of the essential oils from the different parts (inflorescences, stems + leaves, and roots) of this species; these parts were gathered in Cádiz (Spain). The specimens were collected in July during the flowering period and air-dried before the oil extraction by hydro-distillation. The essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The different parts of the plant yielded low amounts of pale yellow oil, with the roots being the fraction that provided the lowest amount of oil. The chemical characterization of the essential oils showed qualitative and quantitative differences between the fractions examined, but all of them showed the same principal compound, germacrene D (9.1–46.5%). Similarly, all the fractions shared most of their representative constituents, with their percentage compositions being different from one sample to the other: α-cadinol (3.8%), bicyclogermacrene (3.5%), octanal (3.1%), and spathulenol (2.5%) were found in the inflorescences; octanal (8.1%), α-cadinol (3.7%), δ-cadinene (3.6%), (E)-caryophyllene (2.6%), bicyclogermacrene (2.5%), and spathulenol (2.4%) were found in the stems and leaves; and spathulenol (4.6%), α-cadinol (4.4%), khusinol (3.2%), α-muurolol (3.1%), and δ-cadinene (2.6%) were found in the roots. As far as we know, this is the first report about the chemical composition of this endemic species of the Iberian Peninsula. It contributes to the knowledge of this species and to the genus to which it belongs. This species could be considered as a natural source of germacrene D, which is a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon with active properties.Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpubDescuento UC

Phenotypic and Phytochemical Diversity among Different Accessions of Gijavash (Froriepia subpinnata (Ledeb.) Baill.: An Endemic Medicinal Plant Grown in Iran

Froriepia subpinnata is an endemic endangered medicinal plant growing indigenous to Caspian coast forest in the north of Iran. This research was done to obtain primary information on morphological and phytochemical variation for the next step of domesticating and breeding of this plant. Twenty-three morphological traits measured indicated high variation among 52 accessions. There was a significant positive correlation between leaf dimension, plant height, and attributes related to biomass data. The range of phytochemical attributes analyzed was for total phenols (355.6-941.3 mg GAE 100 g-1 FW), total flavonoids (204.33-540.74 mg CAT 100 g-1 FW), total carotenoids (1.52 to 3.15 μg 100g-1 FW) and antioxidant capacity (31.36-81.82 DPPH%.). The HPLC analysis results showed that chlorogenic acid was the dominant phenolic compound generally found in this plant. Total carotenoids had no significant correlation with other biochemical traits, while the rest exhibited a linear relationship with each other. UPGMA cluster based on combined data of morphological and biochemical traits showed 3 distinct groups with high inter and intra-regional variations. Also, these information were combined with molecular data to separate environment and genetic effects. The high level of variation of phytochemical and morphological traits among and within populations could be a useful tool for future breeding and selection programs.Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

Optimization of a Green Microwave-Assisted Extraction Method to Obtain Multifunctional Extracts of Mentha sp.

A microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) procedure has been optimized to simultaneously provide multifunctional extracts of Mentha sp. leaves with improved antioxidant properties and, for the first time, with optimal antimicrobial activity. Among the solvents evaluated, water was selected as the extractant in order to develop a green procedure and also for its improved bioactive properties (higher TPC and Staphylococcus aureus inhibition halo). MAE operating conditions were optimized by means of a 3-level factorial experimental design (100 C, 14.7 min, 1 g of dry leaves/12 mL of water and 1 extraction cycle), and further applied to the extraction of bioactives from 6 different Mentha species. A comparative LC-Q MS and LC-QToF MS analysis of these MAE extracts was carried out for the first time in a single study, allowing the characterization of up to 40 phenolics and the quantitation of the most abundant. Antioxidant, antimicrobial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and antifungal (Candida albicans) activities of MAE extracts depended on the Mentha species considered. In conclusion, the new MAE method developed here is shown as a green and efficient approach to provide multifunctional Mentha sp. extracts with an added value as natural food preservatives.Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

BaViBo: Banco Virtual de Botánica: retos online para estudiar y repasar prácticas

Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte

REDINDMA: Recursos digitales para una nueva docencia aplicada en el área de marketing de la UCM

La presente memoria se refiere al proyecto de innovación pedagógica REDINDIMA, cuyo objetivo es proveer a los docentes del área de marketing de las Universidades españolas de recursos prácticos actualizados (casos) adaptados al entorno nacional, de modo que puedan ser comprendidos y aplicados por parte del profesorado y alumnado de forma más eficaz, y mejoren la adaptación y posibilidades de inserción laboral. A partir del diseño, contenidos y recorrido lógico por un caso práctico real y actual, se ha generado una aplicación que sirve de plataforma para la carga de nuevos casos y su administración guiada por el profesorado según el avance de los conocimientos teóricos durante el curso. Se parte de una lectura comprensiva de información general sobre un tema de marketing, que es evaluada online, para dar paso a los siguientes módulos referentes a aspectos concretos del área, con información, preguntas y actividades evaluables. En este caso de prueba, se ha planteado un recorrido amplio que da acceso a la profundización sobre política de producto, precio, comunicación, distribución comercial, comportamiento del consumidor e investigación de mercados, abarcando la práctica totalidad de las asignaturas de la especialidad. La aplicación está diseñada para que el profesorado pueda “cargar” sus propios casos en los módulos correspondientes, adaptando y normalizando las actividades dentro y fuera del aula para los alumnos.Depto. de MarketingFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesFALSEsubmitte

Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.