Sustainability concept and life cycle analysis in textile sector.

TEZ11297Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2018.Kaynakça (s. 91-96) var.xiv, 97 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm.Bu yüksek lisans tez çalışmasında tekstil sektöründeki sürdürülebilirlik uygulamaları ve araçları, kumaş üretim performansları ve onun oluşturduğu çevresel etkiler üzerinden incelenmiştir. Sürdürülebilirlik kavramı gün geçtikçe tüm sektörlerde önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Tez kapsamında, HİGG malzemeleri sürdürülebilirlik endeksi yaşam döngüsü aracı vasıtasıyla birbirinden farklı pamuk türü içeren 4 (dört) denim dokuma kumaş sadece ana giriş hammaddesi (lifi) değiştirilip diğer parametreler aynı tutulacak şekilde yaşam döngüsü analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Aynı kumaşlar fiziksel performans testlerine de maruz bırakılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, sadece ana hammadde değişimi yapılarak düşük ekstra maliyetle çok ciddi bir Pazar payı eldesinin sağlanabileceği görülmüştür.In this thesis, sustainability practices and tools in textile sector which is created by fabric production performances and its environmental effects were investigated. The concept of sustainability has started to be more important in all sectors day by day. Within the scope of the thesis, 4 (four) denim woven fabrics containing different types of cotton were subjected to life cycle analysis by HIGG material sustainability index lifecycle tool and only the main input raw material (fiber) was changed and the other parameters were kept the same. The same fabrics were also subjected to physical performance tests. As a result of the study, it was seen that a very serious market share could be obtained at lower extra cost by just changing the main raw material type

Özel yıkama uygulamalarının denim kumaş özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi

Bu çalışmada, denim terbiyesinde uygulanan farklı yıkama işlemlerinin denim kumaşların çeşitli performans ve yüzey özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, %100 pamuklu iplikten 1/1 bezayağı, 2/2 dimi ve 3/1 dimi konstrüksiyonlarında olmak üzere 3 farklı kumaş üretilmiş, bu kumaşlara rinse, enzim, taş ve taş + hipo olmak üzere 4 farklı yıkama işlemleri uygulanmıştır. Yıkanmış numunelerin boyut değişimi, kopma mukavemeti, yırtılma mukavemeti, eğilme dayanımı, yüzey özellikleri ve renk değerlendirmesi incelenerek istatistiksel olarak örgü yapısının ve yıkama işlemlerinin denim kumaş performans özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir.In this study, the effect of different washing processes on various performance and surface properties of denim fabrics were examined. For this purpose, 3 different types of fabrics (1/1 plain, 2/2 twill and 3/1 twill constructions) were produced from 100% cotton yarn, and 4 different types of washing processes (rinse, enzyme, stone and stone+bleach) were applied. The effect of woven structure and washing processes on denim fabrics performance properties like dimensional stability, breaking strength, tearing strength, bending rigidity, surface views examination and colorimetric evaluation were investigated statistically

Application of Special Washing Processes to Denim Fabrics

Bu çalışmada, denim terbiyesinde uygulanan yıkama işlemleri açıklanmış, söz konusu yıkama işlemlerinin denim kumaşların kopma mukavemeti ve boyut değişimi özelliklerine etkisi istatistiksel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, %100 pamuklu iplikten 1/1 bezayağı ve 3/1 Z dimi konstrüksiyonlarında olmak üzere iki farklı kumaş üretilmiş, bu kumaşlara rinse, enzim ve taş yıkama olmak üzere üç farklı yıkama işlemleri uygulanmıştır. Yıkanmış numunelerin boyut değişimi ve kopma mukavemeti özellikleri incelenerek istatistiksel olarak yıkama işlemlerinin denim kumaş performans özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştırIn this study washing processes used in denim treatments were explained and effect of these treatments on breaking strength and dimensional changes of denim fabrics were also investigated statistically. For this purpose, 2 different fabrics having properties 100 % cotton fiber, 1/1 plain, and 3/1 Z twill construction were produced and these fabrics were subjected to 3 different washing processes namely rinse, enzyme and stone. Effect of washing process on denim fabric performance properties were investigated statically by examining dimensional stability and breaking strength of washed specimen

Post-earthquake anomalies in He–CO2 isotope and relative abundance systematics of thermal waters: The case of the 2011 Van earthquake, eastern Anatolia, Turkey

We report the helium and carbon isotope (He-3/He-4, delta C-13) and relative abundance (CO2/He-3) characteristics of hydrothermal gases from eastern Anatolia sampled similar to 1 month after the October 23, 2011 Van earthquake (Mw: 7.2, focal depth: 19 km). Seven sites were sampled which comprise three localities along the Caldiran Fault Zone, at a distance of 58-66 km to the epicenter (Group I), two localities north of the Caldiran Fault, about 90-113 km from the epicenter (Group II), and two localities in the vicinity of the historically-active Nemrut Caldera at a distance of 110-126 km from the epicenter (Group III). All sites were previously sampled for their He-CO2 systematics in 2009 (Mutlu et al., 2012) facilitating direct comparison with the post-earthquake dataset. The post-earthquake values cover a wide range of He-3/He-4, delta C-13 and CO2/He-3 ratios, from 0.84 to 6.37 RA (where RA = air He-3/He-4), -5.30 to + 0.49% (vs. VPDB), and 4.9 x 10(10) to 6.85 x 10(13), respectively. Group I samples show a consistent post-earthquake increase in He-3/He-4 whereas both Group II localities decreased in He-3/He-4. No change was recorded for the two Group III localities. He isotope variations are consistentwith simple changes in the proportions of mantle and crustal volatiles, with all Group I sites showing an increase in the mantle He contribution. We hypothesize that the enhanced mantle He signal is derived from asthenospheric melts intruded into the crust, with seismic perturbations responsible for bubble formation and growth leading to overpressure and gas loss. The strike-slip Caldiran Fault Zone provides the permeable pathway for the liberated volatiles to reach hydrothermal systems at shallow levels of the crust and the surface. Release of crustal He dominates the He mass balance of Group II samples as locations are further from the earthquake epicenter. Group III samples are even further away from the earthquake and show no perturbations in He isotopes. Whereas binary mixing dominates the He isotope systematics, CO2 shows additional effects involving the hydrothermal system. Consequently, changes in the balance between mantle and crustal CO2 are masked and more difficult to discern. The results emphasize the sensitivity of He isotopes to seismic perturbations in the crust and illustrate how location of sampling sites - on permeable segments of faults - and distance from seismic events influence resulting changes involving gas chemistry