Prisoners of War Camps in Rochester - Were they humane?

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper. After the American involvement in the Second World War, labor issues became more prevalent because so many workers from Rochester either enlisted or were drafted into the ranks of the US Army. Also, many farmers realized they could make more money off of high wage paying industrial jobs in the cities. In order to provide a sufficient amount of produce and other harvested good, prisoners of war were used for the first time as laborers to help the war effort. It was a bitter irony, being a captured soldier and forced to help the enemy win the war by supplying them with enough food to be well fed. The captured soldiers staying in Rochester Prisoner of War camps were some of the first to be used as innovative laborers and were treated more humanely and therefore, better than American Prisoners of War were treated. Also, Rochester treated their Prisoners of War much better than most of America did

Sharing Success: Expansion of a Tutor-Run Assessment Method to Multiple Courses and Colleges

Objectives: In 2014, data were presented on a successful pilot program using quizzes written by tutors in a single course at Wegmans School of Pharmacy. The objective of this study was to use the methods from the pilot to expand the program to other pharmacology courses at Wegmans School of Pharmacy as well as the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy. Methods: Methods from the previous study were replicated, whereby tutors wrote weekly quizzes administered using ExamSoft®. The optional quizzes were openly accessible to students in preparation for course exams. Performance data were collected from students in one course at each institution and compared to the pilot study. Performance data collected included quiz and course exam scores. All students that utilized quizzes, as well as tutors, were surveyed to assess perceptions of the method. Results: The use and impact of quizzes was similar to the results in the pilot study. However, the magnitude of improvements was slightly lower than what was observed initially. Exam scores were significantly higher than quiz scores on 6/10 exams measured, compared to 5/5 exams in the pilot. Students who utilized the quizzes performed significantly better than those that did not on 3/10 exams (3/5 in the pilot), and earned significantly higher course averages. Student (n=155) and peer instructor (n=13) feedback remained positive after expansion of the program. Implications: This method is a tool that can be translated to different courses and different institutions with a valuable impact on student performance

Nature-based guided imagery as an intervention for state anxiety

Anxiety is a significant mental health issue in modern society and empirical research into effective interventions to address anxiety has been extensive. Spending time in nature is one approach that has demonstrated anxiolytic effects. However, in some situations and contexts spending time in nature in order to reduce anxiety symptoms may not be possible. For example, in therapeutic settings delivered in a space with no access or exposure to any nature stimuli in the immediate surrounding environment. Guided imagery (GI) has also proven to be effective for reducing anxiety symptoms. Thus, nature-based GI might help to overcome the limitation of access to nature and strengthen the impact of GI interventions

Prisoners of War Camps in Rochester - Were they humane?

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper. After the American involvement in the Second World War, labor issues became more prevalent because so many workers from Rochester either enlisted or were drafted into the ranks of the US Army. Also, many farmers realized they could make more money off of high wage paying industrial jobs in the cities. In order to provide a sufficient amount of produce and other harvested good, prisoners of war were used for the first time as laborers to help the war effort. It was a bitter irony, being a captured soldier and forced to help the enemy win the war by supplying them with enough food to be well fed. The captured soldiers staying in Rochester Prisoner of War camps were some of the first to be used as innovative laborers and were treated more humanely and therefore, better than American Prisoners of War were treated. Also, Rochester treated their Prisoners of War much better than most of America did

Sharing Success: Expansion of a Tutor-Run Assessment Method to Multiple Courses and Colleges

Objectives: In 2014, data were presented on a successful pilot program using quizzes written by tutors in a single course at Wegmans School of Pharmacy. The objective of this study was to use the methods from the pilot to expand the program to other pharmacology courses at Wegmans School of Pharmacy as well as the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy. Methods: Methods from the previous study were replicated, whereby tutors wrote weekly quizzes administered using ExamSoft®. The optional quizzes were openly accessible to students in preparation for course exams. Performance data were collected from students in one course at each institution and compared to the pilot study. Performance data collected included quiz and course exam scores. All students that utilized quizzes, as well as tutors, were surveyed to assess perceptions of the method. Results: The use and impact of quizzes was similar to the results in the pilot study. However, the magnitude of improvements was slightly lower than what was observed initially. Exam scores were significantly higher than quiz scores on 6/10 exams measured, compared to 5/5 exams in the pilot. Students who utilized the quizzes performed significantly better than those that did not on 3/10 exams (3/5 in the pilot), and earned significantly higher course averages. Student (n=155) and peer instructor (n=13) feedback remained positive after expansion of the program. Implications: This method is a tool that can be translated to different courses and different institutions with a valuable impact on student performance

Design of the effect of adaptive servo-ventilation on survival and cardiovascular hospital admissions in patients with heart failure and sleep apnoea: the ADVENT-HF trial

Introduction Both types of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), obstructive and central sleep apnoea (OSA and CSA, respectively), are common in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In such patients, SDB is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality but it remains uncertain whether treating SDB by adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) in such patients reduces morbidity and mortality. Aim ADVENT-HF is designed to assess the effects of treating SDB with ASV on morbidity and mortality in patients with HFrEF. Methods ADVENT-HF is a multicentre, multinational, randomized, parallel-group, open-label trial with blinded assessment of endpoints of standard medical therapy for HFrEF alone vs. with the addition of ASV in patients with HFrEF and SDB. Patients with a history of HFrEF undergo echocardiography and polysomnography. Those with a left ventricular ejection fraction = 15) are eligible. SDB is stratified into OSA with >= 50% of events obstructive or CSA with >50% of events central. Those with OSA must not have excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth score of <= 10). Patients are then randomized to receive or not receive ASV. The primary outcome is the composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular hospital admissions, new-onset atrial fibrillation requiring anti-coagulation but not hospitalization, and delivery of an appropriate discharge from an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator not resulting in hospitalization during a maximum follow-up time of 5 years. Conclusion The ADVENT-HF trial will help to determine whether treating SDB by ASV in patients with HFrEF improves morbidity and mortality