A Participatory Approach to FCS Food, Nutrition, and Wellness Program Planning

To help fill programming gaps in a more organized and collaborative manner, a participatory approach to program planning was tested in Virginia. Programming gaps related to food, nutrition, and wellness programs were filled through a participatory process that involved: an online needs assessment survey; a systematic review of evidence- and practice-based programs; a webinar providing an overview of possible programs for adoption; a program ranking survey; development of an evaluation template; a training; and feedback survey. Our results indicate that a systematic, team-based approach to program planning may be beneficial in guiding trainings and dissemination of programs within Extension

The Iowa Homemaker vol.35, no.7

New England by Garfield, Mary Vandecar, page 5 Where else but at college?, Ruth Abbott, page 6 Kitchen formula #1: recipes, Pat McBride, page 7 Our Des Moines apartment, Marilyn Martin, page 8 Our near-campus apartment, Barbara Culver, page 9 Practice makes prize-winning pies, Sally Rosenquist Bennett, page 10 New life for the landings, Lee Klinzman, page 12 What’s New, Mary Anne Larson, page 13 Trends – Scandinavian art, Donna Danielson, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.36, no.16

Clothes for College, Jackie Andre, page 5 Home Economics has Grown, Jackie Andre, page 6 This is Your Future, Lee Klinzman, page 7 From College to Internship to Job, Donna Schneider, page 8 Another Catering Party is Underway, Ginny Joy, page 9 Opportunities in Home Economics, Bonnie Rollins, page 10 A Part-Time Job, Pat McBride, page 12 Scholarships are Available, Jan Anderson, page 14 Creative Holiday in Mexico, Nancy Fox, page 15 The Kashmir Goat, Norma Scholes, page 16 Religious Customs Concerning Food, Ann Baur, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.35, no.12

The Family Gives Thanks, Dr. E. W. Remley, page 5 Better Planning For Better Living, Margot Copeland, page 6 To Win, Decorate Your Room!, page 8 “Sweater Dress-Up”, Sue Mullins, page 10 Introducing: Rose Liu From Formosa, Margot Copeland, page 11 Dr. P. Mabel Nelson, Amy Millen, page 12 Extra Dollars For You, Marilyn Ogland, page 14 Connaisseur De La Cuisine, Martha Burleigh and Martha Elder, page 15 Trends To A New Figure, Anne Beem, page 16 Glasses… For Modern Lasses, Donna Schneider, page 17 What’s New, Pat McBride, page 1

Adherence to Breast Cancer Follow-up Care Guidelines for Vulnerable Populations in four Canadian provinces: a CanIMPACT study

Introduction Breast cancer survivors are at risk for late and ongoing problems including cancer recurrence and late effects of treatment. Vulnerable groups may not enjoy equitable access to quality follow-up care. This study examines utilization of guideline-based follow-up care among vulnerable subpopulations in four Canadian provinces. Objectives and Approach For vulnerable groups of breast cancer survivors diagnosed from 2007-2010 in British Columbia (BC), 2007-2011 in Manitoba (MB), 2007-2010 in Ontario (ON), and 2007-2012 in Nova Scotia (NS), alive at 30 months post-diagnosis and followed for five years from diagnosis, we undertook a retrospective population-based cohort study linking cancer registries, clinical and health administrative databases. We calculated adherence to recommended follow-up care for surveillance of recurrent and new cancer, late effects, and general preventive care, and examined variation among provinces. Vulnerable groups were defined as those diagnosed at older ages, with lower income status, and/or who resided in rural area. Results Survivor numbers were 23,700 (ON), 9493 (BC), 2688 (MB), and 2735 (NS). In Year 2, between 9.3% (BC) and 28.1% (ON) of survivors diagnosed aged 74+ years received annual breast cancer-related PCP or oncologist follow-up visits, a lower proportion than their younger-diagnosed counterparts; rates of surveillance breast imaging (between 34.2% (BC) and 68.6% (ON) in Year 2) were also lower than those diagnosed at younger ages. Those with incomes in the lowest 40\% did not have different rates of primary care physician and oncologist visits compared to the top 60%, nor did their utilization of surveillance imaging or imaging for metastatic disease differ. Guideline-adherent surveillance breast imaging was conducted on a higher proportion of urban than rural patients in all provinces. Conclusion/Implications While area-level incomes do not appear to appreciably affect follow-up care, older age and rural residence resulted in differential access to care. These results suggest that there are gaps in provision of follow-up care that potentially can be addressed through system and practice-level change

Adherence to Follow-up Care Guidelines for Breast Cancer Survivors in four Canadian provinces: a CanIMPACT study

Introduction Breast cancer survivors are at risk for late and ongoing problems including cancer recurrence and late effects of treatment. Lack of access to quality follow-up care may affect later mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. This study examines variation in utilization of guideline-based follow-up care separately for four Canadian provinces. Objectives and Approach For our retrospective population-based cohort study of breast cancer survivors diagnosed from 2007 to 2010 in British Columbia (BC), 2007-2011 in Manitoba (MB), 2007-2010 in Ontario (ON), and 2007-2012 in Nova Scotia (NS), we linked provincial cancer registries, clinical and health administrative databases, and followed cases alive at 30 months post-diagnosis to five years from diagnosis. For each province, we calculated percent adherence, overuse, and underuse of recommended follow-up care, including surveillance for recurrent and new cancer, surveillance for late effects, and general preventive care. We also examined variation among provinces and over time. Results Survivor numbers were 23,700 (ON), 9493 (BC), 2688 (MB), and 2735 (NS). Annual oncologist visit guideline compliance varied provincially (e.g. Year 2 ON=32.7%, BC=15.0%). For most provinces and follow-up years, the majority of survivors had fewer oncologist visits than recommended.  However, survivors had additional annual breast cancer-related visits to a primary care provider.  Surveillance breast imaging guideline compliance was high (e.g. Year 2, ON=81.1%, MB=72.0%, NS=52.8%, BC =49.7%), with rates declining in ON and MB (to approximately 64%), but increasing in NS and BC (to approximately 58%) by Year 5. Overuse of breast imaging was identified in NS (9.1%-20.7% overuse in follow-up years 2-5).  As per the guideline, 72.9%-79.7% (Years 2-5) of BC survivors had no imaging for metastastic disease, highest among all provinces. Conclusion/Implications Provincial and temporal variations in guideline adherence were identified. Patterns differed by guideline, and both overuse and underuse were observed. These results point to opportunities to improve survivor care and efficiencies in care delivery. In particular, regular care with a primary care physician has been shown to improve follow-up care

Multiple RSV strains infecting HEp-2 and A549 cells reveal cell line-dependent differences in resistance to RSV infection

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major viral driver of a global pediatric respiratory disease burden disproportionately borne by the poor1. Thus, RSV, like SARS-CoV-2, combines with congenital and environmental and host-history-dependent factors to create a spectrum of disease with greatest severity most frequently occurring in those least able to procure treatment. Methods: Here we apply whole genome sequencing and a suite of other molecular biological techniques to survey host-virus dynamics in infections of two distinct cell lines (HEp2 and A549) with four strains representative of known RSV genetic diversity. Results: We observed non-gradient patterns of RSV gene expression and a single major difference in transcriptional readthrough correlating with a deep split in the RSV phylogenetic tree. We also observed increased viral replication in HEp2 cells along with a pro-inflammatory host-response; and decreased viral replication in A549 cells with a more potent antiviral response in host gene expression and levels of secreted cytokines. Conclusions: Our findings suggest HEp2 and A549 cell lines can be used as complementary models of host response leading to more or less severe RSV disease. In vitro perturbations inspired by actual environmental and host-history-dependent factors associated with greater disease can be tested for their ability to shift the antiviral response of A549 cells to the more pro-inflammatory response of HEp2 cells. Such studies would help illuminate the tragic costs of poverty and suggest public health-level interventions to reduce the global disease burden from RSV and other respiratory viruses

AID can restrict L1 retrotransposition suggesting a dual role in innate and adaptive immunity

Retrotransposons make up over 40% of the mammalian genome. Some copies are still capable of mobilizing and new insertions promote genetic variation. Several members of the APOBEC3 family of DNA cytosine deaminases function to limit the replication of a variety of retroelements, such as the long-terminal repeat (LTR)-containing MusD and Ty1 elements, and that of the non-LTR retrotransposons, L1 and Alu. However, the APOBEC3 genes are limited to mammalian lineages, whereas retrotransposons are far more widespread. This raises the question of what cellular factors control retroelement transposition in species that lack APOBEC3 genes. A strong phylogenetic case can be made that an ancestral activation-induced deaminase (AID)-like gene duplicated and diverged to root the APOBEC3 lineage in mammals. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that present-day AID proteins possess anti-retroelement activity. We found that AID can inhibit the retrotransposition of L1 through a DNA deamination-independent mechanism. This mechanism may manifest in the cytoplasmic compartment co- or posttranslationally. Together with evidence for AID expression in the ovary, our data combined to suggest that AID has innate immune functions in addition to its integral roles in creating antibody diversity

Descriptive epidemiology of somatising tendency: findings from the CUPID study.

Somatising tendency, defined as a predisposition to worry about common somatic symptoms, is importantly associated with various aspects of health and health-related behaviour, including musculoskeletal pain and associated disability. To explore its epidemiological characteristics, and how it can be specified most efficiently, we analysed data from an international longitudinal study. A baseline questionnaire, which included questions from the Brief Symptom Inventory about seven common symptoms, was completed by 12,072 participants aged 20-59 from 46 occupational groups in 18 countries (response rate 70%). The seven symptoms were all mutually associated (odds ratios for pairwise associations 3.4 to 9.3), and each contributed to a measure of somatising tendency that exhibited an exposure-response relationship both with multi-site pain (prevalence rate ratios up to six), and also with sickness absence for non-musculoskeletal reasons. In most participants, the level of somatising tendency was little changed when reassessed after a mean interval of 14 months (75% having a change of 0 or 1 in their symptom count), although the specific symptoms reported at follow-up often differed from those at baseline. Somatising tendency was more common in women than men, especially at older ages, and varied markedly across the 46 occupational groups studied, with higher rates in South and Central America. It was weakly associated with smoking, but not with level of education. Our study supports the use of questions from the Brief Symptom Inventory as a method for measuring somatising tendency, and suggests that in adults of working age, it is a fairly stable trait