LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA COTIDIANIDAD SOCIAL DESDE LA FENOMENOLOGÍA

Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre la importancia de dar un lugar preeminente a los actores, cuando de lo que se trata es de investigar la cotidianidad social. Se valora la oportunidad que para lograr esto ofrece la fenomenología como perspectiva teórico-metodológica, y su pertinencia para rescatar el papel protagónico de los actores y su acción, así como la posibilidad de lograr un acercamiento comprensivo a lo que cotidianamente se vive. Al mismo tiempo, busca rescatar la dimensión subjetiva e intersubjetiva propia de las relaciones entre personas que, desde referentes de vida diversos, hacen aparecer a la acción social como parte de un fenómeno complejo.Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre la importancia de dar un lugar preeminente a los actores, cuando de lo que se trata es de investigar la cotidianidad social. Se valora la oportunidad que para lograr esto ofrece la fenomenología como perspectiva teórico-metodológica, y su pertinencia para rescatar el papel protagónico de los actores y su acción, así como la posibilidad de lograr un acercamiento comprensivo a lo que cotidianamente se vive. Al mismo tiempo, busca rescatar la dimensión subjetiva e intersubjetiva propia de las relaciones entre personas que, desde referentes de vida diversos, hacen aparecer a la acción social como parte de un fenómeno complejo

Adapting Architectural Models for Visualization Using Virtual Reality Headsets

Business contracts represent a main source of income for Architects. Acquiring these contracts requires the latest and most immersive technology that improves their sales against competitors. Virtual reality provides an in-depth experience that allows clients to have a reasonable assurance that the building meets their physical expectations. Videos and photos are detached and mundane; while they provide some visual representation they will not allow the user to compare his physical characteristics (height, length, width) with a 3D model. In this paper, I describe a procedure for automatically importing 3D models from Revit into Unreal4. I also describe the workflow required which includes constraints and benefits found along the way. As my focus was based on VR, a lot of my work was around the Oculus VR headset which provides an immersive experience into future and current buildings. The software tools I wrote modify 3D models to be compliant with UE4 materials, textures, groupings and it allows developers to split buildings into multiple slices improving performance and polygon counts

Motion Planning in Artificial and Natural Vector Fields

This dissertation advances the field of autonomous vehicle motion planning in various challenging environments, ranging from flows and planetary atmospheres to cluttered real-world scenarios. By addressing the challenge of navigating environmental flows, this work introduces the Flow-Aware Fast Marching Tree algorithm (FlowFMT*). This algorithm optimizes motion planning for unmanned vehicles, such as UAVs and AUVs, navigating in tridimensional static flows. By considering reachability constraints caused by vehicle and flow dynamics, flow-aware neighborhood sets are found and used to reduce the number of calls to the cost function. The method computes feasible and optimal trajectories from start to goal in challenging environments that may contain obstacles or prohibited regions (e.g., no-fly zones). The method is extended to generate a vector field-based policy that optimally guides the vehicle to a given goal. Numerical comparisons with state-of-the-art control solvers demonstrate the method\u27s simplicity and accuracy. In this dissertation, the proposed sampling-based approach is used to compute trajectories for an autonomous semi-buoyant solar-powered airship in the challenging Venusian atmosphere, which is characterized by super-rotation winds. A cost function that incorporates the energetic balance of the airship is proposed to find energy-efficient trajectories. This cost function combines the main forces acting on the vehicle: weight, buoyancy, aerodynamic lift and drag, and thrust. The FlowFMT* method is also extended to consider the possibility of battery depletion due to thrust or battery charging due to solar energy and tested in this Venus atmosphere scenario. Simulations showcase how the airship selects high-altitude paths to minimize energy consumption and maximize battery recharge. They also show the airship sinking down and drifting with the wind at the altitudes where it is fully buoyant. For terrestrial applications, this dissertation finally introduces the Sensor-Space Lattice (SSLAT) motion planner, a real-time obstacle avoidance algorithm for autonomous vehicles and mobile robots equipped with planar range finders. This planner uses a lattice to tessellate the area covered by the sensor and to rapidly compute collision-free paths in the robot surroundings by optimizing a cost function. The cost function guides the vehicle to follow an artificial vector field that encodes the desired vehicle path. This planner is evaluated in challenging, cluttered static environments, such as warehouses and forests, and in the presence of moving obstacles, both in simulations and real experiments. Our results show that our algorithm performs collision checking and path planning faster than baseline methods. Since the method can have sequential or parallel implementations, we also compare the two versions of SSLAT and show that the run-time for its parallel implementation, which is independent of the number and shape of the obstacles found in the environment, provides a significant speedup due to the independent collision checks

Hiperlactatemia en el ingreso hospitalario como factor asociado a mortalidad en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquemico

Determinar si la hiperlactatemia en el ingreso hospitalario es factor asociado a mortalidad en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, tipo casos y controles. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 123 pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico confirmado por estudio de neuroimagen, quienes se dividieron en dos grupos: 41 pacientes con ACV isquémico que fallecieron y 82 pacientes con ACV isquémico que no fallecieron, casos y controles respectivamente. Seleccionados según los criterios establecidos. RESULTADOS: El 57.7% fueron mujeres y el 42.3 fueron varones, la edad promedio de los pacientes que fallecieron con ACV isquémico fue 77.07 ±12.85 años, y tuvieron una estancia hospitalaria de 8.44 ±8.09 días. El 20.3% de los pacientes presentó hiperlactatemia en el ingreso hospitalario y del grupo de los casos 43.9% presentó lactato superior a 2 mmol/L en el ingreso hospitalario. La hiperlactatemia en el ingreso hospitalario presentó asociación a la mortalidad en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico con una prueba X 2 = 21.11 estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) y un coeficiente de contingencia de 0.383. CONCLUSIÓN: La hiperlactatemia en el ingreso hospitalario está asociada a mortalidad en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico.To determine if hyperlactatemia in hospital admission is an associated factor for mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, retrospective, analytical, of case-control study was conducted. The study population consisted of 123 patients with ischemic stroke confirmed by neuroimaging study, which were divided in two groups: 41 ischemic stroke patients who died and 82 ischemic stroke patients who didn´t death, cases and controls respectively, selected according to established criteria. RESULTS: 57.7% were female and 42.3 male, the average age of ischemic stroke patients who died was 77.07 ± 12.85 years, and its hospital stay 8.44 ± 8.09 days. 20.3% of the patients presented hyperlactatemia in the hospital admission and in the group of cases 43.9% presented lactate superior to 2mmol/L in the hospital admission. Hyperlactatemia at hospital admission was associated with mortality in patients with ischemic stroke with a statistically significant X 2 = 21.11 test (p <0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.383 CONCLUSION: Hyperlactatemia at hospital admission is associated with mortality in patients with ischemic stroke

Motivação para ser Militar: Ingresso na Academia da Força Aérea

Esta investigação tem como objetivo compreender o que motiva um indivíduo a concorrer a uma Instituição Militar de Ensino Superior, especificamente à Academia da Força Aérea. Paralelamente, foram estudadas as diferenças motivacionais entre os candidatos que finalizam o processo de seleção e os candidatos eliminados durante a frequência deste. A amostra consiste em 278 indivíduos, com a idade máxima de 24 anos, perfazendo o total do universo populacional de candidatos no ano de 2015. Foi utilizada uma metodologia quantitativa de recolha e análise de dados, utilizando o Inquérito por Questionário como fonte para a obtenção dos dados. O instrumento utilizado baseia-se no Work Values Questionnaire (WVQ) de Furnham et al. (2005), tendo sido adaptado ao contexto da Força Aérea por Costa (2012). Para o agrupamento e análise dos dados foi utilizado o programa estatístico SPSS. Esta investigação conclui que os candidatos à Academia da Força Aérea apresentam elevados níveis de “Motivação Institucional” e “Motivação Intrínseca”, sendo o fator “Servir a minha Pátria” apresentado como a principal razão para ingressar na vida militar. Conclui também que os candidatos com aproveitamento no processo de seleção apresentam níveis significativamente inferiores de “Motivação Extrínseca” em relação aos restantes, relacionando negativamente este tipo de motivação com o desempenho. Este estudo vem reforçar as conclusões obtidas pelas investigações anteriores referentes a esta temática e certificá-las para o contexto português. Espera-se com esta investigação tornar o processo de recrutamento e seleção da Força Aérea mais eficaz e personalizado, aumentado a atratividade da carreia milita

Igualdad, cooperación y territorialidad. De las bandas del Paleolítico superior a las pandillas centroamericanas contemporáneas

Las teorías que se han centrado en la represión del incesto (Freud, Levi-Strauss) o en la existencia de un contrato social (Hobbes, Rousseau) han generado mucha atención en, respectivamente, el estudio de la familia y el Estado, y muy poca en el de las pequeñas asociaciones igualitarias de varones jóvenes. En el presente ensayo, adheriremos a las teorías biológico-antropológicas de Boehm (1999; 2000a; 2009; 2012), Sterelny (2011; 2016) y Marean (2016) acerca de la evolución de la cooperación. Dichos enfoques proponen a las sanciones sociales y a la resolución de conflictos como mecanismos que condujeron, en el Paleolítico superior, a las primeras formas de organización social igualitaria realizadas por las bandas de cazadores-recolectores. Sostendremos que tales estructuras de organización social siguen presentes allí donde bandas y pandillas operan con igual o mayor importancia que otras instituciones (la familia, los cacicazgos, el Estado-Nación). Con ayuda de la extensa literatura sobre modelos ecológicos de violencia y territorialidad, mostraremos que la existencia de bandas y pandillas (desde el Pleistoceno, pasando por la Era Vikinga, hasta la crisis de violencia en Centroamérica a principios del siglo xxi) se explica en gran medida por la competencia por los recursos y es una forma paradójica de organización cooperativa

"Genodetección de mycobacterium tuberculosis en pulmones y ubres de vacas mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR)"

En la presente investigación se desarrolló la genodetección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en pulmones y ubres de vacas, destinadas al consumo humano, mediante la técnica de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Para lo cual se emplearon 12 muestras de vísceras, 6 muestras de pulmones y 6 muestras de ubres, provenientes de vacas beneficiadas en el camal municipal N° 28 Imperial, Cañete. También se analizó una muestra de pulmón de toro con diagnóstico clínico de TBC pulmonar, el cual fue empleado como control interno. Se optó por el método de PCR por las ventajas que ofrece respecto a otros métodos de análisis, en cuanto a confiabilidad y rapidez de obtención de resultados. Del total de las muestras analizadas (pulmones y ubres de vacas), el 41,67 % fueron positivas; 33,33 % de las muestras de pulmones y 50 % de las muestras de ubres. En ninguno de los casos estudiados se detectó infección tuberculosa en ambas vísceras. Por otra parte, el análisis de X2 demostró, con 99% de confiabilidad, que los resultados positivos y negativos de las muestras analizadas no dependieron del tipo de víscera.Tesi

Assessment of low-viscosity oil performance and degradation in a heavy duty engine real-world fleet test

Low viscosity engine oils (LVO) are considered one of the most interesting solutions for improving fuel economy in internal combustion engines (ICE). There are different studies involving LVO and ICE, but currently limited data are available regarding real-world performance of LVO in a real service fleet. Included in a broadest study related with fuel consumption saving effects and performance of LVO in a real service fleet, the aim of this work is to present the results obtained in terms of comparative oil performance. So, on this test, a comparative analysis using 39 buses was performed, based on a deep and extensive oil analysis program to assess those aspects above mentioned. Two engine technologies (Diesel and CNG) were considered and four different lubricants, two of them LVO and other two used as a reference baseline. The test duration comprised two oil drain intervals of 30000 km each one, totalizing more than 2 million of kilometers accumulated. Results have shown that LVO presented an excellent performance along the oil drain interval (ODI), even improving some characteristics of the baseline oils with higher viscosity values. Results have shown that oil degradation is more dependent on engine technology, but in any case presented a penalization in terms of ODI reduction, a key indicator for end-users related with maintenance costs. In the case of CNG engines, higher oil degradation in terms of oil oxidation and nitration was observed.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Project no. TRA2012-30907).Macian Martinez, V.; Tormos Martínez, BV.; Miró Mezquita, G.; Pérez, T. (2016). Assessment of low-viscosity oil performance and degradation in a heavy duty engine real-world fleet test. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology. 230(6):729-743. doi:10.1177/1350650115619612S729743230