Organic Food & Farming in Iran

An article on Irans Geography, agriculture and socio-economic condition, the historical development of the organic sector in Iran, its production structure and type of output as well as markets and future prospects

Prediction of Obsessive-compulsive Symptoms Based on Negative Affect, Rumination, and Dispositional Mindfulness

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms could be an important background for clinical disorder of OCD. The role of negative affect, rumination, and dispositional mindfulness has not been investigated in previous researches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to study the relationship among negative affect, rumination, dispositional mindfulness with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In a descriptive-correlational and crosses- sectional study, 283 students from University of Tabriz have selected by available sampling method during April through May 2017.Maudsley OCD inventory, Positive affect and negative affect scale (PANAS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and Rumination Scale of the Response Styles Questionnaire were used for collecting the data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple Regressions tests. The results showed that correlation between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and dispositional mindfulness was negative and significant, correlation between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and negative affect was positive and significant and correlation between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and rumination was significant. Also, negative affect, rumination, and dispositional mindfulness did able to predict the obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Dispositional mindfulness, negative affect, and rumination are the important determinants of obsessive-compulsive symptoms

The Effect of the Duration and Temperature of Infusion on the Heavy Metal Content of Green Tea

Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world, which contains several important essential micro nutrients that are beneficial to human health. On the other hand, the contamination of tea leaves by heavy metals may pose serious problems to human health. In this research, the concentration of toxic metals (Al, As, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni) and essential heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) in Iranian green tea (IGT) leaves and its infusion were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Additionally, the effect of the duration (10, 30 and 90 min) and temperature (80 and 100 ºC) of tea infusion on the content of heavy metals was studied. There was a significant difference between all samples at different time and temperatures. The concentrations range of heavy metals in IGT leaves was 1332-0.023 mg/kg. The highest and lowest metal content was observed for Al and Cd, respectively. The results showed that the heavy metal contents in IGT infusion varied between 11.7 mg/L for Al to 0.0002 mg/L for Cd. The highest and lowest percentage of metal extracted into IGT infusion was observed for Ni and Fe as 73.6 and 2.4, respectively

Waste management using an automatic sorting system for carrot fruit based on image processing technique and improved deep neural networks

In this study, we address the problem of classification of carrot fruit in order to manage and control their waste using improved deep neural networks. In this work, we perform a deep study of the problem of carrot classification and show that convolutional neural networks are a straightforward approach to solve the problem. Additionally, we improve the convolutional neural network (CNN) based on learning a pooling function by combining average pooling and max pooling. We experimentally show that the merging operation used increases the accuracy of the carrot classification compared to other merging methods. For this purpose, images of 878 carrot samples in various shapes (regular and irregular) were taken and after the preprocessing operation, they were classified by the improved deep CNN. To compare this method with the other methods, image features were extracted using Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) methods and they were classified by Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithms. Finally, the method proposed based on the improved CNN algorithm, was compared with other classification algorithms. The results showed 99.43% of accuracy for grading carrot through the CNN by configuring the proposed Batch Normalization (BN)-CNN method based on mixed pooling. Therefore, CNN can be effective in increasing marketability, controlling waste and improving traditional methods used for grading carrot fruit

Reconocimiento de patrones de diseño de casas nativas en la provincia de Mazandaran con enfoque climático

In Forming residential house in Khazar’s shore, climatic condition plays a basic role because in them had used of natural energy and environmental condition for heating, cooling and air conditioning.With studying, recognition and analyses of principles and patterns of native architecture can find out the compatibility of them with the climatic condition. With appearing modern architecture and destroying construction identity, patternology is one of the important issues that wants to find the practical methods for accessing to identity maker elements and patterns of past and using of them in now a day modern architecture. Traditional residential texture as the fundamental core of cities and so elements and architecture construction in them undoubtedly are worthy heritage for studying and analyzing and presenting proper patterns of native architecture.  In this study first with an analyzing- descriptive approach have an overview and then the skeletal factors affecting texture and traditional residential constructions of Mazandaran province patternology are identified. Study method in this method is analyzing-descriptive and used of fieldwork for fundamental recognition and identifying for sample structures that are under studying. Finally, due to the obtained results, principles of native architecture and comparison of available criteria, native house designing patterns will present.Las condiciones climáticas juegan un papel clave en la formación de casas residenciales en la costa del Caspio porque utilizan energía natural y condiciones ambientales para la calefacción, refrigeración y aire acondicionado. Al estudiar, reconocer y analizar los principios y patrones de la arquitectura indígena, podemos descubrir su compatibilidad con las condiciones climáticas. Con el advenimiento de la arquitectura moderna y la destrucción de la identidad estructural, el modelado es uno de los temas importantes que quiere encontrar formas prácticas de lograr los elementos y patrones de identidad del pasado y utilizarlos en la arquitectura moderna. El tejido residencial tradicional como núcleo básico de las ciudades y por tanto los elementos y la construcción de la arquitectura en ellas es sin duda un patrimonio digno para el estudio y análisis y presentación de patrones adecuados de la arquitectura indígena. En este estudio, primero con un enfoque descriptivo-analítico, una visión general y luego se identifican los factores esqueléticos que afectan la textura y las construcciones residenciales tradicionales de la provincia de Mazandaran. Método de estudio En este método, el análisis descriptivo y el uso del trabajo de campo para identificar los conceptos básicos e identificar las estructuras muestrales en estudio. Finalmente, de acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se presentan los principios de la arquitectura indígena y la comparación de los criterios existentes, los patrones de diseño de las casas indígenas

Reconocimiento de patrones de diseño de casas nativas en la provincia de Mazandaran con enfoque climático

Las condiciones climáticas juegan un papel clave en la formación de casas residenciales en la costa del Caspio porque utilizan energía natural y condiciones ambientales para la calefacción, refrigeración y aire acondicionado. Al estudiar, reconocer y analizar los principios y patrones de la arquitectura indígena, podemos descubrir su compatibilidad con las condiciones climáticas. Con el advenimiento de la arquitectura moderna y la destrucción de la identidad estructural, el modelado es uno de los temas importantes que quiere encontrar formas prácticas de lograr los elementos y patrones de identidad del pasado y utilizarlos en la arquitectura moderna. El tejido residencial tradicional como núcleo básico de las ciudades y por tanto los elementos y la construcción de la arquitectura en ellas es sin duda un patrimonio digno para el estudio y análisis y presentación de patrones adecuados de la arquitectura indígena. En este estudio, primero con un enfoque descriptivo-analítico, una visión general y luego se identifican los factores esqueléticos que afectan la textura y las construcciones residenciales tradicionales de la provincia de Mazandaran. Método de estudio En este método, el análisis descriptivo y el uso del trabajo de campo para identificar los conceptos básicos e identificar las estructuras muestrales en estudio. Finalmente, de acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se presentan los principios de la arquitectura indígena y la comparación de los criterios existentes, los patrones de diseño de las casas indígenas

Reconocimiento de patrones de diseño de casas nativas en la provincia de Mazandaran con enfoque climático

In Forming residential house in Khazar’s shore, climatic condition plays a basic role because in them had used of natural energy and environmental condition for heating, cooling and air conditioning.With studying, recognition and analyses of principles and patterns of native architecture can find out the compatibility of them with the climatic condition. With appearing modern architecture and destroying construction identity, patternology is one of the important issues that wants to find the practical methods for accessing to identity maker elements and patterns of past and using of them in now a day modern architecture. Traditional residential texture as the fundamental core of cities and so elements and architecture construction in them undoubtedly are worthy heritage for studying and analyzing and presenting proper patterns of native architecture.  In this study first with an analyzing- descriptive approach have an overview and then the skeletal factors affecting texture and traditional residential constructions of Mazandaran province patternology are identified. Study method in this method is analyzing-descriptive and used of fieldwork for fundamental recognition and identifying for sample structures that are under studying. Finally, due to the obtained results, principles of native architecture and comparison of available criteria, native house designing patterns will present.Las condiciones climáticas juegan un papel clave en la formación de casas residenciales en la costa del Caspio porque utilizan energía natural y condiciones ambientales para la calefacción, refrigeración y aire acondicionado. Al estudiar, reconocer y analizar los principios y patrones de la arquitectura indígena, podemos descubrir su compatibilidad con las condiciones climáticas. Con el advenimiento de la arquitectura moderna y la destrucción de la identidad estructural, el modelado es uno de los temas importantes que quiere encontrar formas prácticas de lograr los elementos y patrones de identidad del pasado y utilizarlos en la arquitectura moderna. El tejido residencial tradicional como núcleo básico de las ciudades y por tanto los elementos y la construcción de la arquitectura en ellas es sin duda un patrimonio digno para el estudio y análisis y presentación de patrones adecuados de la arquitectura indígena. En este estudio, primero con un enfoque descriptivo-analítico, una visión general y luego se identifican los factores esqueléticos que afectan la textura y las construcciones residenciales tradicionales de la provincia de Mazandaran. Método de estudio En este método, el análisis descriptivo y el uso del trabajo de campo para identificar los conceptos básicos e identificar las estructuras muestrales en estudio. Finalmente, de acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se presentan los principios de la arquitectura indígena y la comparación de los criterios existentes, los patrones de diseño de las casas indígenas