SATISFACTIONS ET INSATISFACTIONS DES PARENTS ET DES MEDECINS TRAITANTS AUX URGENCES PEDIATRIQUES DU CHU DE RENNES

RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Formation and stability of amylose ligand complexes formed by high pressure treatment

International audienceStarch can be gelatinized during high pressure processing in the presence of water, but to a greater or lesser extent. Starch gelatinization is often accompanied by the formation of amylose complexes, in particular when a thermal treatment is used. Four different starches were considered in this study: potato, broad bean (Vicia faba), pea and tapioca. A comparison between high pressure-induced starch gelatinization (HPG) and conventional thermal gelatinization (TG) was made. In the case of broad bean starch, selected complexing molecules were considered for both thermal and high pressure treatments. Cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) 13C NMR, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis were used to monitor physico-chemical changes in the structure and microstructure of starch preparations. Decanoic acid and carvacrol were selected as complexing agents to track the formation of amylose ligand complexes. It was observed that B-type starch (potato) was more resistant to pressure than the A-type starches (tapioca, broad bean and pea) considered in this study. The results showed that amylose ligand complexes were formed during high pressure treatment (20 min at 500 MPa at temperatures of 20 °C and 40 °C). Decanoic acid induced the complexing of amylose in the V6I type whatever the treatment used. On the other hand, the complexation of carvacrol appeared to depend on the temperature used during the high pressure treatment. It is assumed that carvacrol forms amorphous complexes with amylose during high pressure treatment. The amylose complexes were characterized by 13C CP/MAS NMR confirming the results obtained by X-ray analysis. Industrial relevance: Development of innovative assembly of amylose + molecules of interest (i.e. antioxidant) using a mild processing (40 °C) instead of 90 °C. At 90 °C, some molecules are damaged or oxidized. The use of high pressure permits the production of larger amount of compounds than using conventional thermal treatment. The main reason is that there is no need to solubilise the molecule of interest

Formation and stability of amylose ligand complexes formed by high pressure treatment

International audienceStarch can be gelatinized during high pressure processing in the presence of water, but to a greater or lesser extent. Starch gelatinization is often accompanied by the formation of amylose complexes, in particular when a thermal treatment is used. Four different starches were considered in this study: potato, broad bean (Vicia faba), pea and tapioca. A comparison between high pressure-induced starch gelatinization (HPG) and conventional thermal gelatinization (TG) was made. In the case of broad bean starch, selected complexing molecules were considered for both thermal and high pressure treatments. Cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) C-13 NMR, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis were used to monitor physico-chemical changes in the structure and microstructure of starch preparations. Decanoic acid and carvacrol were selected as complexing agents to track the formation of amylose ligand complexes. It was observed that B-type starch (potato) was more resistant to pressure than the A-type starches (tapioca, broad bean and pea) considered in this study. The results showed that amylose ligand complexes were formed during high pressure treatment (20 min at 500 MPa at temperatures of 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C). Decanoic acid induced the complexing of amylose in the V-61 type whatever the treatment used. On the other hand, the complexation of carvacrol appeared to depend on the temperature used during the high pressure treatment. It is assumed that carvacrol forms amorphous complexes with amylose during high pressure treatment. The amylose complexes were characterized by C-13 CP/MAS NMR confirming the results obtained by X-ray analysis. Industrial relevance: Development of innovative assembly of amylose + molecules of interest (i.e. antioxidant) using a mild processing (40 degrees C) instead of 90 degrees C. At 90 degrees C, some molecules are damaged or oxidized. The use of high pressure permits the production of larger amount of compounds than using conventional thermal treatment. The main reason is that there is no need to solubilise the molecule of interest. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Formation and stability of amylose ligand complexes formed by high pressure treatment

International audienceStarch can be gelatinized during high pressure processing in the presence of water, but to a greater or lesser extent. Starch gelatinization is often accompanied by the formation of amylose complexes, in particular when a thermal treatment is used. Four different starches were considered in this study: potato, broad bean (Vicia faba), pea and tapioca. A comparison between high pressure-induced starch gelatinization (HPG) and conventional thermal gelatinization (TG) was made. In the case of broad bean starch, selected complexing molecules were considered for both thermal and high pressure treatments. Cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) C-13 NMR, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis were used to monitor physico-chemical changes in the structure and microstructure of starch preparations. Decanoic acid and carvacrol were selected as complexing agents to track the formation of amylose ligand complexes. It was observed that B-type starch (potato) was more resistant to pressure than the A-type starches (tapioca, broad bean and pea) considered in this study. The results showed that amylose ligand complexes were formed during high pressure treatment (20 min at 500 MPa at temperatures of 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C). Decanoic acid induced the complexing of amylose in the V-61 type whatever the treatment used. On the other hand, the complexation of carvacrol appeared to depend on the temperature used during the high pressure treatment. It is assumed that carvacrol forms amorphous complexes with amylose during high pressure treatment. The amylose complexes were characterized by C-13 CP/MAS NMR confirming the results obtained by X-ray analysis. Industrial relevance: Development of innovative assembly of amylose + molecules of interest (i.e. antioxidant) using a mild processing (40 degrees C) instead of 90 degrees C. At 90 degrees C, some molecules are damaged or oxidized. The use of high pressure permits the production of larger amount of compounds than using conventional thermal treatment. The main reason is that there is no need to solubilise the molecule of interest. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in brown algae

Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are complex photosynthetic organisms with a very different evolutionary history to green plants, to which they are only distantly related1. These seaweeds are the dominant species in rocky coastal ecosystems and they exhibit many interesting adaptations to these, often harsh, environments. Brown algae are also one of only a small number of eukaryotic lineages that have evolved complex multicellularity (Fig. 1). We report the 214?million base pair (Mbp) genome sequence of the filamentous seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye, a model organism for brown algae2, 3, 4, 5, closely related to the kelps6, 7 (Fig. 1). Genome features such as the presence of an extended set of light-harvesting and pigment biosynthesis genes and new metabolic processes such as halide metabolism help explain the ability of this organism to cope with the highly variable tidal environment. The evolution of multicellularity in this lineage is correlated with the presence of a rich array of signal transduction genes. Of particular interest is the presence of a family of receptor kinases, as the independent evolution of related molecules has been linked with the emergence of multicellularity in both the animal and green plant lineages. The Ectocarpus genome sequence represents an important step towards developing this organism as a model species, providing the possibility to combine genomic and genetic2 approaches to explore these and other4, 5 aspects of brown algal biology further.<br/