2,504 research outputs found
Influencia de las actividades en la calidad de vida de los ancianos: revisiĂłn sistemĂĄtica
Objetivo. Identificar quais as atividades ou intervençÔes que causan alteraçÔes na qualidade de vida dos idosos.
MĂ©todo. RevisĂŁo sistemĂĄtica da literatura nas bases de dados: Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Scielo, Lilacs, BDENF e PubMed. O descritor principal do Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) utilizado foi âquality of lifeâ, combinado com os termos de maior interesse "aged, motor activity, educatuion". A pesquisa foi realizada entre julho e agosto de 2015, e incluĂdos artigos originais publicados entre 2010 e 2015 em inglĂȘs, portuguĂȘs e espanhol. AlĂ©m disso foi seguida a estratĂ©gia da Cochrane para elaboração do revisĂŁo.
Resultados. Foram estudados 27 artigos comparando a qualidade de vida dos idosos antes e apĂłs uma intervenção de tipo fĂsica, educacional ou mista. O principal resultado obtido sĂŁo que os dominios estado geral de saĂșde, capacidade funcional, aspectos sociais, aspecto fĂsico e satisfação com a vida apresentaram-se mais alterados, sendo as atividades fĂsicas em grupo aquelas executadas en maior nĂșmero.
ConclusĂ”es. Concluiu-se que as atividades de qualquer espĂ©cie, de preferĂȘncia adaptadas, causam mudanças na qualidade de vida dos idosos em termos gerais, com destaque para a melhora nos aspectos funcionais, mentais e sociais
Piezoelectric coefficients d(14), d(16), d(34) and d(36) of an L-arginine hydrochloride monohydrate crystal by X-ray three-beam diffraction
Previous work employed X-ray three-beam diffraction techniques to obtain part of the L-arginine hydrochloride monohydrate (L-AHCL. H2O) piezoelectric coefficients, namely d(21), d(22), d(23) and d(25). Those coefficients were obtained by measuring the shift in the angular position of a number of secondary reflections as a function of the electric field applied in the [ 010] piezoelectric direction. In this paper a similar procedure has been used to measure the remaining four piezoelectric coefficients in L-AHCL. H2O: with the electric field applied in the [100] direction, d(14) and d(16) were measured; with the electric field applied in the [001] direction, d(34) and d(36) were obtained. Therefore the entire piezoelectric matrix of the L-AHCL. H2O crystal has been successfully measured.13643543
Author correction : a global database for metacommunity ecology, integrating species, traits, environment and space
Correction to: Scientific Data https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0344-7, published online 08 January 202
Author correction : a global database for metacommunity ecology, integrating species, traits, environment and space
Correction to: Scientific Data https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0344-7, published online 08 January 202
Search for CP violation in D0 and D+ decays
A high statistics sample of photoproduced charm particles from the FOCUS
(E831) experiment at Fermilab has been used to search for CP violation in the
Cabibbo suppressed decay modes D+ to K-K+pi+, D0 to K-K+ and D0 to pi-pi+. We
have measured the following CP asymmetry parameters: A_CP(K-K+pi+) = +0.006 +/-
0.011 +/- 0.005, A_CP(K-K+) = -0.001 +/- 0.022 +/- 0.015 and A_CP(pi-pi+) =
+0.048 +/- 0.039 +/- 0.025 where the first error is statistical and the second
error is systematic. These asymmetries are consistent with zero with smaller
errors than previous measurements.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
A Study of D0 --> K0(S) K0(S) X Decay Channels
Using data from the FOCUS experiment (FNAL-E831), we report on the decay of
mesons into final states containing more than one . We present
evidence for two Cabibbo favored decay modes, and
, and measure their combined branching fraction
relative to to be = 0.0106
0.0019 0.0010. Further, we report new measurements of
=
0.0179 0.0027 0.0026, = 0.0144 0.0032 0.0016,
and = 0.0208 0.0035 0.0021 where the first error is
statistical and the second is systematic.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, typos correcte
Discovery of VHE Gamma Radiation from IC443 with the MAGIC Telescope
We report the detection of a new source of very high energy (VHE, E_gamma >=
100GeV) gamma-ray emission located close to the Galactic Plane, MAGIC
J0616+225, which is spatially coincident with SNR IC443. The observations were
carried out with the MAGIC telescope in the periods December 2005 - January
2006 and December 2006 - January 2007. Here we present results from this
source, leading to a VHE gamma-ray signal with a statistical significance of
5.7 sigma in the 2006/7 data and a measured differential gamma-ray flux
consistent with a power law, described as dN_gamma/(dA dt dE) = (1.0 +/-
0.2)*10^(-11)(E/0.4 TeV)^(-3.1 +/- 0.3) cm^(-2)s^(-1)TeV^(-1). We briefly
discuss the observational technique used and the procedure implemented for the
data analysis. The results are put in the perspective of the multiwavelength
emission and the molecular environment found in the region of IC443.Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letter
Viruses Associated with Ovarian Degeneration in Apis mellifera L. Queens
Queen fecundity is a critical issue for the health of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies, as she is the only reproductive female in the colony and responsible for the constant renewal of the worker bee population. Any factor affecting the queen's fecundity will stagnate colony development, increasing its susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. We discovered a pathology affecting the ovaries, characterized by a yellow discoloration concentrated in the apex of the ovaries resulting from degenerative lesions in the follicles. In extreme cases, marked by intense discoloration, the majority of the ovarioles were affected and these cases were universally associated with egg-laying deficiencies in the queens. Microscopic examination of the degenerated follicles showed extensive paracrystal lattices of 30 nm icosahedral viral particles. A cDNA library from degenerated ovaries contained a high frequency of deformed wing virus (DWV) and Varroa destructor virus 1 (VDV-1) sequences, two common and closely related honeybee Iflaviruses. These could also be identified by in situ hybridization in various parts of the ovary. A large-scale survey for 10 distinct honeybee viruses showed that DWV and VDV-1 were by far the most prevalent honeybee viruses in queen populations, with distinctly higher prevalence in mated queens (100% and 67%, respectively for DWV and VDV-1) than in virgin queens (37% and 0%, respectively). Since very high viral titres could be recorded in the ovaries and abdomens of both functional and deficient queens, no significant correlation could be made between viral titre and ovarian degeneration or egg-laying deficiency among the wider population of queens. Although our data suggest that DWV and VDV-1 have a role in extreme cases of ovarian degeneration, infection of the ovaries by these viruses does not necessarily result in ovarian degeneration, even at high titres, and additional factors are likely to be involved in this pathology
Vehicle emissions and PM2.5 mass concentrations in six Brazilian cities
In Brazil, the principal source of air pollution is the combustion of fuels (ethanol, gasohol, and diesel). In this study, we quantify the contributions that vehicle emissions make to the urban fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass in six state capitals in Brazil, collecting data for use in a larger project evaluating the impact of air pollution on human health. From winter 2007 to winter 2008, we collected 24-h PM2.5 samples, employing gravimetry to determine PM2.5 mass concentrations; reflectance to quantify black carbon concentrations; X-ray fluorescence to characterize elemental composition; and ion chromatography to determine the composition and concentrations of anions and cations. Mean PM2.5 concentrations in the cities of SĂŁo Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Porto Alegre, and Recife were 28, 17.2, 14.7, 14.4, 13.4, and 7.3Â ÎŒg/m3, respectively. In SĂŁo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, black carbon explained approximately 30% of the PM2.5 mass. We used receptor models to identify distinct source-related PM2.5 fractions and correlate those fractions with daily mortality rates. Using specific rotation factor analysis, we identified the following principal contributing factors: soil and crustal material; vehicle emissions and biomass burning (black carbon factor); and fuel oil combustion in industries (sulfur factor). In all six cities, vehicle emissions explained at least 40% of the PM2.5 mass. Elemental composition determination with receptor modeling proved an adequate strategy to identify air pollution sources and to evaluate their short- and long-term effects on human health. Our data could inform decisions regarding environmental policies vis-Ă -vis health care costs
f(R) theories
Over the past decade, f(R) theories have been extensively studied as one of
the simplest modifications to General Relativity. In this article we review
various applications of f(R) theories to cosmology and gravity - such as
inflation, dark energy, local gravity constraints, cosmological perturbations,
and spherically symmetric solutions in weak and strong gravitational
backgrounds. We present a number of ways to distinguish those theories from
General Relativity observationally and experimentally. We also discuss the
extension to other modified gravity theories such as Brans-Dicke theory and
Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and address models that can satisfy both cosmological and
local gravity constraints.Comment: 156 pages, 14 figures, Invited review article in Living Reviews in
Relativity, Published version, Comments are welcom
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