Lepton parameters in the see-saw model extended by one extra Higgs doublet

We investigate the radiative generation of lepton masses and mixing angles in the Standard Model extended by one right-handed neutrino and one extra Higgs doublet. We assume approximate rank-1 Yukawa couplings at a high energy scale and we calculate the one loop corrected charged lepton and neutrino mass matrices at the low energy scale. We find that quantum effects generate, for typical high energy parameters, a hierarchy between the muon and the tau mass, a hierarchy between the solar and the atmospheric mass splittings, and a pattern of leptonic mixing angles in qualitative agreement with experiments

Radiative Generation of Quark Masses and Mixing Angles in the Two Higgs Doublet Model

We present a framework to generate the quark mass hierarchies and mixing angles by extending the Standard Model with one extra Higgs doublet. The charm and strange quark masses are generated by small quantum effects, thus explaining the hierarchy between the second and third generation quark masses. All the mixing angles are also generated by small quantum effects: the Cabibbo angle is generated at zero-th order in perturbation theory, while the remaining off-diagonal entries of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix are generated at first order, hence explaining the observed hierarchy $|V_{ub}|,|V_{cb}|\ll |V_{us}|$. The values of the radiatively generated parameters depend only logarithmically on the heavy Higgs mass, therefore this framework can be reconciled with the stringent limits on flavor violation by postulating a sufficiently large new physics scale.Comment: To appear in Physics Letters

Debates sobre jurisdicción eclesiástica en tiempos de la Independencia, 1808-1825 (Estudios)

The article offers an approach to the problems raised by the Spanish American independence wars in the field of ecclesiastical jurisdiction. From the study of the New Spain, the work proposes a broader perspective, which highlights the interest of a theme of continental scope and the need to study, through some concrete examples, the similarities between the problems and arguments that were applied to solve them. It refers some cases that appreciate how proposals that were not necessarily new fused with the language and reality of an era of great changes.El artículo ofrece un acercamiento a los problemas que planteó la guerra de Independencia hispanoamericana en materia de jurisdicción eclesiástica. A partir del estudio de la Nueva España, el trabajo propone una perspectiva amplia, que pone de relieve el interés de un tema de alcance continental y la necesidad de estudiar, a través de algunos ejemplos concretos, las semejanzas entre los problemas y los argumentos que fueron empleados para resolverlos. Alude algunos casos que permiten apreciar cómo propuestas que no eran necesariamente nuevas se mezclaron con el lenguaje y la realidad de una época de grandes cambios

"La justicia de la causa": razón y retórica del clero insurgente de la Nueva España

Pocos procesos insurgentes de la época se han identificado tan plenamente como el mexicano con la imagen mítica del cura revolucionario. Investigar las bases de esta metáfora es el cometido de este ensayo. Preguntarse acerca del verdadero alcance de la participación de los eclesiásticos, las peculiaridades de su liderazgo, los motivos y los argumentos de los que se sirvieron para justificar sus acciones. Sin ninguna pretensión comparativa, es sin embargo consciente de un horizonte hispánico, de una cultura católica común, de sociedades en las que los curas eran mediadores por naturaleza, contexto a partir del cual es posible realzar con mayor certeza las singularidades del caso novohispano

Studies on the Control and Pathophysiology of Bovine Nematodiases

Presented in this thesis are data from two parasitological studies on bovine parasitic gastroenteric and respiratory tract infections. In the first of these the control and epidemiology of naturally acquired infections of Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Nematodirus battus and Dictyocaulus viviparus in treated and untreated calves were studied. Treatment was by an experimental pour-on formulation of the relatively new anthelmintic Ivermectin. In the second the pathophysiological effects of an experimental daily trickle infection of O. ostertagi given to calves treated with a morantel tartrate sustained release device (MSRB) were compared with those of infected and clean control animals. In Chapter 1 the General Introduction deals with the epidemiology, treatment and control of bovine helminthiasis in the United Kingdom and this is followed by the general Materials and Methods in Chapter 2. Chapter 3, which begins with a revue of the recently developed anthelmintic Ivermectin, deals with the treatment and control of naturally acquired infections with gastrointestinal and respiratory tract nematode parasites. It is clear from the data presented that topically applied ivermectin can be successfully used to control bovine gastrointestinal parasites and that it is also extremely effective against the lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus. Increasingly, it would appear that Nematodirus battus, or at least the strain of this species on pasture at the Glasgow University Veterinary Hospital, is adapting to cattle and can now cause clinical disease in this host. Radioisotopic methodology was a main feature of the second study, described in Chapter 4, which also highlights some of the problems associated with experimental infections designed to simulate a natural uptake of infective larvae under field conditions. While the daily infection dose level of 2,000 O. ostertagi L3/calf/day was insufficient to cause clinical disease it was nevertheless enough to alter the physiological parameters under study which revealed some of the adverse effects of a subclinical infection of Ostertagia species. Although it was shown that the activity of the MSRB was probably greatest against the adult rather than the larval stages of the parasite, it remains to be determined at which parasitic stage the anthelmintic action of this device primarily occurs. Finally the data obtained from both experiments is discussed in Chapter 5

Genotype by environment interaction for adult body weights of shrimp Penaeus vannamei when grown at low and high densitie

Shrimp is one of few marine species cultured worldwide for which several selective breeding programs are being conducted. One environmental factor that can affect the response to selection in breeding programs is the density at which the shrimp are cultured (low-medium-high). Phenotypic plasticity in the growth response to different densities might be accompanied by a significant genotype by environment interaction, evidenced by a change in heritabilities between environments and by a genetic correlation less than one for a unique trait between environments. Our goal was to understand whether different growth densities affect estimates of those genetic parameters for adult body weight (BW) in the Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). BW heritabilities were significantly different between environments, with the largest at high density. These differences resulted from both an increased additive genetic variance and a decreased environmental variance when grown at high density. The genetic correlation between BWs at the two environmental conditions was significantly less than one. Whereas these results might be suggestive for carrying out shrimp selective breeding for BW under high density conditions, further understanding of genetic correlations between growth and reproductive traits within a given environment is necessary, as there are indications of reduced reproductive fitness for shrimp grown at high densities

Thirty-Seven Additional Microsatellite Loci in the Pacific Lion-Paw Scallop (\u3ci\u3eNodipecten subnodosus\u3c/i\u3e) and Cross-Amplification in Other Pectinids

We characterized 37 new microsatellite markers in the Pacific lion-paw scallop (Nodipecten subnodosus) and tested for cross-amplification in four other species. Genetic diversity was estimated using 24 individuals from the Lagoon Ojo de Liebre, B.C.S., Mexico. Allelic richness varied from 5 to 27 alleles per locus and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.76. Ten loci exhibited significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium likely due to the presence of null alleles. Sixteen of these markers cross-amplified in closely related N. nodosus, while little or no amplification was observed in three Argopecten species

Thirty-Seven Additional Microsatellite Loci in the Pacific Lion-Paw Scallop (\u3ci\u3eNodipecten subnodosus\u3c/i\u3e) and Cross-Amplification in Other Pectinids

We characterized 37 new microsatellite markers in the Pacific lion-paw scallop (Nodipecten subnodosus) and tested for cross-amplification in four other species. Genetic diversity was estimated using 24 individuals from the Lagoon Ojo de Liebre, B.C.S., Mexico. Allelic richness varied from 5 to 27 alleles per locus and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.76. Ten loci exhibited significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium likely due to the presence of null alleles. Sixteen of these markers cross-amplified in closely related N. nodosus, while little or no amplification was observed in three Argopecten species

Are relative educational inequalities in multiple health behaviors widening? A longitudinal study of middle-aged adults in Northern Norway

Introduction: Educational inequality in multiple health behaviors is rarely monitored using data from the same individuals as they age. The aim of this study is to research changes in relative educational inequality in multiple variables related to health behavior (smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, and body mass index), separately and collectively (healthy lifestyle), among middle-aged adults living in Northern Norway. Methods: Data from adult respondents aged 32–87 in 2008 with repeated measurements in 2016 (N = 8,906) were drawn from the sixth and seventh waves of the Tromsø Study. Logistic regression was used to assess the relative educational inequality in the variables related to health behavior. The analyses were performed for the total sample and separately for women and men at both baseline and follow-up. Results: Educational inequality was observed in all the variables related to health behavior at baseline and follow-up, in both men and women. Higher levels of educational attainment were associated with healthier categories (non-daily smoking, physical activity, normal body mass index, and a healthy lifestyle), but also with high alcohol intake. The prevalence of daily smoking and physical inactivity decreased during the surveyed period, while high alcohol intake, having a body mass index outside of the normal range and adhering to multiple health recommendations simultaneously increased. The magnitude of relative educational inequality measured at baseline increased at the follow-up in all the variables related to health behavior. Differences were larger among women when compared to men, except in physical inactivity. Conclusion: Persistent and increasing relative disparities in health behavior between the highest education level and lower education levels are found in countries with well-established and comprehensive welfare systems like Norway. Addressing these inequalities is essential for reducing both the chronic disease burden and educational disparities in health