Crossroads of Empowerment: The Organisation of Women Domestic Workers in Brazil

The organisation of women domestic workers in Brazil reveals a process of collective empowerment at work in a society where gender, race, and class inequalities intersect, giving rise to complex mosaics. Analysing processes of empowerment in these circumstances calls for abandoning universalising visions of women and recognising differences and inequalities beyond gender in multiracial and multicultural societies. Women domestic workers face class contradictions in establishing harmonious relationships with women bosses, who are also participants as workers in unions and other political spaces. This contradiction creates difficulties in constructing a common agenda for the advancement of domestic workers' labour rights. This article draws on participatory research with women domestic workers in the city of Salvador in north?east Brazil, and aims to analyse some of the consequences of the articulation of gender, race, and class inequalities in their lives, how these inequalities obstruct women's pathways of empowerment and what women domestic workers are doing to seek greater rights, recognition and justice

With a Little Help From our Friends: “Global” Incentives and “Local” Challenges to Feminist Politics in Brazil

What are the major challenges facing feminists working to achieve gender justice in the context of development today? How are we to go about facing them? These were two of the major questions addressed by the ‘Gender Myths and Feminist Fables’ workshop participants, but to which no single solution was to be found. My own reactions are best conveyed by outlining current circumstances in Brazil. These reflect my close involvement in recent developments which, I believe, should foster the forging of a more equitable Brazilian society

Intention of preserving forest remnants among landowners in the Atlantic Forest: The role of the ecological context via ecosystem services

Unravelling the psychological processes determining landowners' support towards forest conservation is crucial, particularly in rural areas of the tropics, where most forest remnants are within private lands. As human–nature connections are known to shape pro‐environmental behaviours, the intention of preserving forest remnants should ultimately be determined by the ecological context people live in. Here, we investigate the pathways through which the ecological context (forest cover), via direct contact with forests and ecosystem services and disservices, influence the psychological antecedents of conservation behaviour (beliefs, attitude and intention of preserving forest remnants). We conceptualized a model based on the Reasoned Action Approach, using the ecological context and these three forest experiences as background factors, and tested the model using Piecewise Structural Equation Modelling. Data were collected through an interview‐based protocol applied to 106 landowners across 13 landscapes varying in forest cover in a consolidated rural region in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Our results indicate that: (a) ecosystem services are more important than disservices for shaping intention of preserving forests, particularly non‐provisioning services; (b) contact with forest has an indirect effect on intention, by positively influencing the frequency of receiving ecosystem services; (c) people living in more forested ecological contexts have more contact with forests, receive ecosystem services more frequently and, ultimately, have stronger intention of preserving forests. Hence, our study suggests a dangerous positive feedback loop between deforestation, the extinction of forest experiences and impairment of human–nature connections. Local demands across the full range of ecosystem services, the balance between services and disservices and the ecological context people live in should be considered when developing conservation initiatives in tropical rural areas

Conta satélite das instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos Brasil - 2002

Esse trabalho foi realizado no contexto de amplo projeto sobre as Instituições Privadas sem Fins Lucrativos – IPSL, coordenado pela Johns Hopkins University contando, no Brasil, com a parceria do UNV - United Nations Volunteers, e com o apoio do IBGE – Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, órgão encarregado no país pela divulgação do sistema de contas nacionais. Com esse resultado, apresenta-se a versão preliminar da Conta das Instituições Privadas sem Fins Lucrativos para o ano de 2002. Ressalvando as características nacionais, o trabalho procura manter sistemática conexão com o Handbook on Non-Profit Institucions in the System of National Accounts, metodologia desenvolvida pela Johns Hopkins University em conjunto com o Economic Statistics Branch do United National Statistics Division

Geography, policy, or productivity? Regional trade in five South American countries, 1910-50

Regional trade in South America since independence has long been much smaller than would be expected if geography were the only constraint on trade. Several potential explanations exist, including low technological and demand complementarities; low productivity; and high natural and policy barriers to trade. Focusing on the latter explanations, policy makers have long advocated a South American/Southern Cone Free Trade Area¿proposed as early as 1889. Would reductions in trade costs have been sufficient to raise trade significantly, or was trade low for other reasons? We study bilateral trade between 1910 and 1950, when large external shocks altered global supply and demand. These shocks help us show that intra-regional trade could have been boosted by reductions in trade costs. Trade among Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Peru could have benefited from more benign trade policies or better infrastructure. Regional trade in textiles, which took off from the 1930s, supports our argument that trade improved when trade costs fell

Modelo de gestão do ambiente de TI aplicado ao IBGE

A arquitetura de informática do IBGE busca refletir a evolução das Tecnologias da Informação e de Comunicação (TIC) e vem sendo modificada ao longo dos anos, de maneira a manter - se um equilíbrio entre os anseios e diretrizes institucionais e governamentais. A partir do aprendizado e do sucesso obtidos no Censo Demográfico 2010, o IBGE inova agora na forma de administrar sua área de TIC, baseado em software especialista adquirido.O IBGE se beneficia da administração dos bens de informática, da responsabilidade sobre contratos, da gestão do patrimônio, do uso otimizado dos softwares comerciais, da agilidade de obtenção de informações sobre o parque computacional instalado, do monitoramento on-line dos serviços oferecidos pela TI, da economia de gastos com viagens para suporte técnico dentro dos estados e entre os mesmos, da reeducação de funcionários quanto ao uso de tecnologias, da forma organizada e planejada de trabalho e, portanto, da gestão pública das TICNúmero de páginas: 11 p.InovaçãoAções premiadas no 17º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal - 2012Iniciativa premiada no 17º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal sob responsabilidade de José Luiz Thomaselli Nogueir, Coordenador de Tecnologia do IBG

Data S1: Illegal activities dataset

Background The Brazilian Amazon is the world’s largest rainforest regions and plays a key role in biodiversity conservation as well as climate adaptation and mitigation. The government has created a network of protected areas (PAs) to ensure long-term conservation of the region. However, despite the importance of and positive advances in the establishment of PAs, natural resource depletion in the Brazilian Amazon is pervasive. Methods We evaluated a total of 4,243 official law enforcement records generated between 2010 and 2015 to understand the geographical distribution of the illegal use of resources in federal PAs in the Brazilian Amazon. We classified illegal activities into ten categories and used generalized additive models (GAMs) to evaluate the relationship between illegal use of natural resources inside PAs with management type, age of PAs, population density, and accessibility. Results We found 27 types of illegal use of natural resources that were grouped into 10 categories of illegal activities. Most infractions were related to suppression and degradation of vegetation (37.40%), followed by illegal fishing (27.30%) and hunting activities (18.20%). The explanatory power of the GAMs was low for all categories of illegal activity, with a maximum explained variation of 41.2% for illegal activities as a whole, and a minimum of 14.6% for hunting activities. Discussion These findings demonstrate that even though PAs are fundamental for nature conservation in the Brazilian Amazon, the pressures and threats posed by human activities include a broad range of illegal uses of natural resources. Population density up to 50 km from a PA is a key variable, influencing illegal activities. These threats endanger long-term conservation and many efforts are still needed to maintain PAs that are large enough and sufficiently intact to maintain ecosystem functions and protect biodiversity