Satisfacción con la vida en escolares de la ciudad de Arequipa

This study, in the framework of the Positive Educational Psychology, has two objectives: to perform a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and to compare the resulting values according to gender, age and educational institution, in a group of schoolers from the city of Arequipa. We worked with a sample of 872 students in the 4th and 5th year of high school, from five mixed and single-sex schools. Besides, 46.9% of this sample are male students and 53.1% are female students. The sample was obtained by probabilistic methods. The Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. The outcomes indicate that the test has a one-dimensional factorial structure and suitable reliability for latent variables (ω= .99 and H= .99). The comparisons suggest that, male students and those who are older have higherlevels of satisfaction with life.This study, in the framework of the Positive Educational Psychology, has two objectives: to perform a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and to compare the resulting values according to gender, age and educational institution, in a group of schoolers from the city of Arequipa. We worked with a sample of 872 students in the 4th and 5th year of high school, from five mixed and single-sex schools. Besides, 46.9% of this sample are male students and 53.1% are female students. The sample was obtained by probabilistic methods. The Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. The outcomes indicate that the test has a one-dimensional factorial structure and suitable reliability for latent variables (ω= .99 and H= .99). The comparisons suggest that, male students and those who are older have higher levels of satisfaction with life.El presente estudio, que se enmarca dentro de la Psicología Positiva Educativa, tiene dos objetivos, analizar psicométricamente la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida, y comparar los valores resultantes en función del sexo, la edad y la institución de procedencia, en un grupo de escolares de la ciudad de Arequipa. Se trabajó con una muestra de 872 estudiantes de 4to y 5to de media de cinco escuelas de gestión mixta y diferenciada, donde el 46.9% son varones y el 53.1% mujeres, obtenida por métodos probabilísticos. Se utilizó la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida de Diener. Los resultados indican que la prueba cuenta con una estructura factorial unidimensional y una confiabilidad adecuada para variables latentes, (ω= .99 y H= .99). Las comparaciones efectuadas sugieren que los varones y los estudiantes de mayor edad presentan niveles mayores de satisfacción con la vida.

Satisfacción con la vida en escolares de la ciudad de Arequipa

This study, in the framework of the Positive Educational Psychology, has two objectives: to perform a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and to compare the resulting values according to gender, age and educational institution, in a group of schoolers from the city of Arequipa. We worked with a sample of 872 students in the 4th and 5th year of high school, from five mixed and single-sex schools. Besides, 46.9% of this sample are male students and 53.1% are female students. The sample was obtained by probabilistic methods. The Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. The outcomes indicate that the test has a one-dimensional factorial structure and suitable reliability for latent variables (ω= .99 and H= .99). The comparisons suggest that, male students and those who are older have higherlevels of satisfaction with life.This study, in the framework of the Positive Educational Psychology, has two objectives: to perform a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and to compare the resulting values according to gender, age and educational institution, in a group of schoolers from the city of Arequipa. We worked with a sample of 872 students in the 4th and 5th year of high school, from five mixed and single-sex schools. Besides, 46.9% of this sample are male students and 53.1% are female students. The sample was obtained by probabilistic methods. The Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. The outcomes indicate that the test has a one-dimensional factorial structure and suitable reliability for latent variables (ω= .99 and H= .99). The comparisons suggest that, male students and those who are older have higher levels of satisfaction with life.El presente estudio, que se enmarca dentro de la Psicología Positiva Educativa, tiene dos objetivos, analizar psicométricamente la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida, y comparar los valores resultantes en función del sexo, la edad y la institución de procedencia, en un grupo de escolares de la ciudad de Arequipa. Se trabajó con una muestra de 872 estudiantes de 4to y 5to de media de cinco escuelas de gestión mixta y diferenciada, donde el 46.9% son varones y el 53.1% mujeres, obtenida por métodos probabilísticos. Se utilizó la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida de Diener. Los resultados indican que la prueba cuenta con una estructura factorial unidimensional y una confiabilidad adecuada para variables latentes, (ω= .99 y H= .99). Las comparaciones efectuadas sugieren que los varones y los estudiantes de mayor edad presentan niveles mayores de satisfacción con la vida.

Síndrome de Burnout en profesores de escuela y universidad: un análisis psicométrico y comparativo en la ciudad de Arequipa

In the present study, the manifestations of burnout syndrome in school and university professors living in the city of Arequipa were analyzed comparatively. A total of 413 intentionally selected professors were evaluated, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory was applied. It  yielded adequate levels of reliability for our sample and three factors obtained through confirmatory factorial analysis, confirming the theory of Maslach and Jackson (1981). It was found that there are significant differences in terms of sex, marital status and teaching level of teachers, resulting in higher levels of exhaustion for female teachers at school level and moderate levels of depersonalization for university teachers, in whom negative correlations were obtained regarding the number of children and the  burnout syndrome.En el presente estudio se analizaron comparativamente las manifestaciones del síndrome de burnout en profesores de escuela y de universidad, radicados en la ciudad de Arequipa. Se evaluó a un total de 413 profesores, que fueron seleccionados de manera intencional, y se les aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, que arrojó adecuados niveles de confiabilidad para nuestra muestra y tres factores obtenidos mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, que confirman la teoría de Maslach y Jackson (1981). Se encontró que existen diferencias significativas en función del sexo, el estado civil y el nivel de enseñanza de los profesores, resultando en mayores niveles de agotamiento para las profesoras de nivel escolar y niveles moderados de despersonalización para los profesores universitarios, en quienes se obtuvieron correlaciones negativas con el número de hijos y el síndrome de burnout

Psychometric Analysis of Forgiveness Scale in Couple Relationships among Women from Arequipa City

El perdón es un constructo que tiene importantes implicancias clínicas para la salud y el bienestar de las personas. En ese sentido, se han creado varios instrumentos para evaluar el perdón con diversos fines, enfoques y modelos teóricos. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo el análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala del Perdón en las Relaciones de Pareja, en una muestra de 1977 mujeres de la ciudad de Arequipa (en Perú), que fueron seleccionadas mediante métodos no probabilísticos. Los resultados han confirmado la estructura de cinco factores de la escala, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, que cuentan con óptimos índices de confiabilidad: Afecto positivo (ω = .93), Benevolencia (ω = .89), Cognición positiva (ω = .88), Compasión (ω = .89) y Comportamiento positivo (ω = .88). Además, se presenta la escala de calificación en tres niveles y se comentan las implicancias teóricas y prácticas del instrumento.Forgiveness is a construct with relevant clinical implications in people’s health and wellbeing. In that sense, there had been designed various tests in order to assess the forgiveness with several objectives, perspectives and theoretical models. The present study has as aim the analysis of the psychometric properties of the Forgiveness Scale in Couple Relationships, in a sample of 1977 women from the city of Arequipa (in Peru), that were selected by mean of non-probabilistic methods. The results has confirmed the five factors structure of the scale, by confirmatory factor analysis, that count with optimal reliability indexes: Positive affect (ω = .93), Benevolence (ω = .89), Positive cognition (ω = .88), Compassion (ω = .89) and Positive behavior (ω = .88). In addition, it have been presented a three levels interpretative scale and there were discussed the theoretical and practical implications of the test

Síndrome de Burnout en profesores de escuela y universidad: un análisis psicométrico y comparativo en la ciudad de Arequipa

In the present study, the manifestations of burnout syndrome in school and university professors living in the city of Arequipa were analyzed comparatively. A total of 413 intentionally selected professors were evaluated, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory was applied. It  yielded adequate levels of reliability for our sample and three factors obtained through confirmatory factorial analysis, confirming the theory of Maslach and Jackson (1981). It was found that there are significant differences in terms of sex, marital status and teaching level of teachers, resulting in higher levels of exhaustion for female teachers at school level and moderate levels of depersonalization for university teachers, in whom negative correlations were obtained regarding the number of children and the  burnout syndrome.En el presente estudio se analizaron comparativamente las manifestaciones del síndrome de burnout en profesores de escuela y de universidad, radicados en la ciudad de Arequipa. Se evaluó a un total de 413 profesores, que fueron seleccionados de manera intencional, y se les aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, que arrojó adecuados niveles de confiabilidad para nuestra muestra y tres factores obtenidos mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio, que confirman la teoría de Maslach y Jackson (1981). Se encontró que existen diferencias significativas en función del sexo, el estado civil y el nivel de enseñanza de los profesores, resultando en mayores niveles de agotamiento para las profesoras de nivel escolar y niveles moderados de despersonalización para los profesores universitarios, en quienes se obtuvieron correlaciones negativas con el número de hijos y el síndrome de burnout

PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LA ESCALA DE ACTITUDES FRENTE A LA VIOLENCIA CONYUGAL EN MUJERES PERUANAS

La violencia de pareja es un fenómeno que tiene implicancias sociales y para la salud de las personas agredidas, y que requiere de instrumentos debidamente validados para su aplicación en el contexto forense. El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Actitudes frente a la Violencia Conyugal en una muestra de 1977 mujeres de la ciudad de Arequipa (Perú). Los resultados han confirmado la estructura interna de la Escala de Actitudes frente a la Violencia Conyugal mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio por lo que cuenta presenta validez de constructo, pero sus índices de consistencia interna son bajos, de modo que se concluye que no cuenta con confiabilidad. También se estimó la validez de criterio con la prueba mediante el análisis de correlación con la Escala de Creencias que perpetúan la Violencia Intrafamiliar

Validez e invarianza factorial de una medida breve de Satisfacción con la Vida Familiar

RESUMEN Se examinó la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad, la validez convergente y discriminante, y la invarianza factorial por sexo, de la Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS). Los participantes fueron 804 estudiantes de primaria y secundaria de escuelas privadas de Lima, con un promedio de edad de 13.5 años (DE = 1.6). Los resultados confirman la estructura unidimensional de la escala (χ2 = 3.49, df = 5, p = 0.63; χ2/df = 0.69; GFI = 0.998; CFI = 1; NFI = 0.998; RMSEA = 0 [IC90% 0, 0.038] y SRMR = 0.007), la invarianza factorial por sexo y una consistencia interna adecuada (α = 0.84; ω = 0.84; H = 0.85). Se obtuvieron evidencias satisfactorias de validez convergente y discriminante de las SWFLS con medidas de funcionalidad familiar, bienestar subjetivo y depresión. En conclusión, la SWFLS presenta excelentes propiedades psicométricas para medir la satisfacción con la vida familiar en escolares limeños. Palabras clave análisis factorial confirmatorio; invarianza factorial; satisfacción con la vida familiar; escolares peruanos. ABSTRACT We examined the factor structure, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and factorial invariance by sex of the Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS). The participants were 804 primary and secondary students from private schools in Lima, with an average age of 13.5 years (SD = 1.6). The results confirm the one-dimensional structure of the scale (χ2 = 3.49, df = 5, p = 0.63, χ2/df = 0.69, GFI = 0.998, CFI = 1, NFI = 0.998, RMSEA = 0 [IC90% 0, 0.038], and SRMR = 0.007), factorial invariance by sex and adequate internal consistency (α = 0.84; ω = 0.84; H = 0.85). Satisfactory evidence of convergent and discriminant validity of the SWFLS was obtained with measures of family functionality, subjective well-being and depression. In conclusion, the SWFLS presents excellent psychometric properties to measure satisfaction with family life in Lima schoolchildren. Keywords confirmatory factor analysis; factorial invariance; satisfaction with family life; Peruvian schoolchildren

Satisfaction with Life in High School Students from Arequipa [Satisfacción con la vida en escolares de la ciudad de Arequipa]

ABSTRACT This study, in the framework of the Positive Educational Psychology, has two objectives: to perform a psychometric analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and to compare the resulting values according to gender, age and educational institution, in a group of schoolers from the city of Arequipa. We worked with a sample of 872 students in the 4th and 5th year of high school, from five mixed and single-sex schools. Besides, 46.9% of this sample are male students and 53.1% are female students. The sample was obtained by probabilistic methods. The Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale was used. The outcomes indicate that the test has a one-dimensional factorial structure and suitable reliability for latent variables (ω= .99 and H= .99). The comparisons suggest that, male students and those who are older have higher levels of satisfaction with life

Predictive Model of Purpose of Life in Adolescents of Public Educational Institutions from Arequipa City

El objetivo del estudio fue proponer un modelo predictivo del sentido de vida en adolescentes de instituciones educativas públicas de la ciudad de Arequipa (Perú). Se evaluó a 872 estudiantes del cuarto y quinto de secundaria, de ambos sexos, de 14 a 18 años de edad de cinco instituciones educativas públicas según los criterios de Westland (2010) para ecuaciones estructurales. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Test de Sentido de Vida (PIL), Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS), Escala de Desesperanza de Beck (BHS) y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS). El tipo de investigación es básica, no experimental relacional de nivel explicativo predictivo. Para confirmar el modelo teórico se aplicó el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) y para predecir en términos probabilísticos el sentido de vida en adolescentes en función a las variables observadas se utilizó el perceptrón multicapa (redes neuronales). En los resultados se logró predecir el modelo de sentido de vida de los adolescentes y se brindó la importancia relativa de los distintos factores predictores a través del perceptrón multicapa. Los factores predictores más importantes son la satisfacción por la vida, el estilo de afrontamiento dirigido a la resolución de problemas, el estilo de afrontamiento dirigido a la relación con los demás y falta de motivación

Psychological problems associated with coping strategies: a web-based study in Peruvian population during the COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease has quickly spread to all corners across Latin-American countries. Its exponential capacity has overwhelmed even the most resilient health systems (1). The already significant impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) on the global scale is worsened by psychological responses that may aggravate the health crisis. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at collecting demographic information, prevalence of psychological morbidities and associated coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic on Peruvian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through online survey using snowball sampling techniques after the state of emergency was declared in Perú. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -28) identify somatic symptom, anxiety/ insomnia, social misfunctioning and depression prevalence and the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (COPE-28) maps strategies addressing recent stress. RESULTS: We collected data from 434 self-selected participants within 18-68 years old (ME =33.87), by analysing the socio-economic information in which the majority of the respondents were women (61.3%), aged between 18 and 28 (41.7%), from well-educated groups (>=85.0 %), Peruvian (94.2%), working citizen (57.4%) and single (71.20 %). Nearly 40.8% rated psychological problems, expressing fear of being infected by coronavirus (71.43%). Regression analysis shows that female gender is associated to higher somatic (p<0.001*, C.I: -2.75 to -.99) and anxiety/insomnia symptoms (p=0.00*, C.I: -2.98 to 0.84). Depression and social dysfunction are experienced at any age. Educational status is protective against developing psychological disorders (p<0.05). While active responses (Acceptance and Social support) are scarcely used by individuals with psychological problems; Passive strategies are commonly reported (Denial, Self-Distraction, Self-Blame, Disconnection, and Emotional discharge). CONCLUSION: These findings provide a better understanding of psychological disorders resulting from the current pandemic in Peruvian population. This evidence informs the need to strengthen mental health programs, especially in less privileged groups after the Covid-19 pandemic