Saúde mental em tempos de isolamento social por COVID-19

Introdução: O isolamento social foi a medida adotada pela maioria dos países do mundo com o intuito de frear a disseminação da COVID-19. Todavia, os impactos de tal ação podem acarretar diversos riscos à saúde mental da população em geral. Objetivos: Objetivou-se buscar na literatura estudos que retratassem os impactos psicológicos causados pelo isolamento social face a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: Utilizou-se de algumas bases de dados eletrônicas para a pesquisa, como LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science e Google Scholar combinando as palavras chaves: Saúde mental; Isolamento social; Coronavírus. A seleção de 10 artigos foi feita após análise criteriosa observando se os mesmos se enquadravam na temática estudada e apresentavam dados ou conceitos relevantes para a pesquisa. Resultados: Os estudos retratam quadros de impactos psicológicos na população que passam pela necessidade de isolamento social, destacando fatores, grupos mais afetados e medidas de auxílio. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, portanto, a necessidade de ponderar o auxílio no cuidado com a saúde mental da população tanto quanto o cuidado físico, a fim de um acompanhamento conciso que não resulte em transtorno pós-traumáticos

Formação Continuada Docente em EaD em Tempos de Pandemia: Contribuições para a Prática Pedagógica na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva

This work aims to analyze how the improvement course in Special and Inclusive Education offered by the CECIERJ Foundation contributed to the construction of pedagogical practices in the inclusive education context by course participants in the format of remote education.  To this end, qualitative research was used as methodology with the use of questionnaires with 231 course participants.  This course offered in the Distance Education modality started in March 2020, underwent some reformulations due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19.  Thus, it was concluded that the course helped in the development of skills for the use of technological tools for planning and offering classes through remote teaching, in addition to training teachers in the perspective of inclusive education, enabling the rethinking of pedagogical practice. Keywords:  Inclusive education. Special education. Remote teaching.  Continued education.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como o curso de aperfeiçoamento em Educação Especial e Inclusiva, ofertado pela Fundação CECIERJ, contribuiu para a construção de práticas pedagógicas no contexto da educação inclusiva pelos cursistas no formato do ensino remoto. Para tal, utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa com o uso de questionários respondidos por 231 cursistas. Este curso oferecido na modalidade de Educação a Distância iniciado em março de 2020, sofreu algumas reformulações devido à pandemia causada pela COVID-19. Nesse sentido, o curso auxiliou no desenvolvimento de habilidades para o uso de ferramentas tecnológicas para o planejamento e oferecimento de aulas por meio do ensino remoto, além de formar os docentes na perspectiva da educação inclusiva, possibilitando o repensar da prática pedagógica. Palavras-chave: Educação inclusiva. Educação especial. Formação continuada. Ensino remoto.

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Educação transformadora em espaços não formais: Trilha sensorial e ambiental como estratégia de re-sensibilização para idosos

This article aims to report the experience of Biological Sciences students of the University Federal de Santa Maria during the extension project "Transforming education in non - formal spaces: sensorial and environmental track as a strategy for resensitization of the elderly”, held at the Institution Home of the Elderly São Vicente de Paulo, during the Curricular Internship of the Biological Sciences in Educational Spaces, in the first half of 2018. The project worked on the elderly’s sensory system through touch, vision, hearing and smell, in a dynamic way and concerned to restore the elderly's individuality in order to work their perception and memory, and motivate them through environmental elements. After the implementation of the project, the interviews carried out revealed that the experience was significant among the elderly, achieving the objectives, as well as providing the students with new insights about teaching and learning in non-formal educational settings.O artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada pelos alunos do curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, durante a realização do projeto extensionista “Educação transformadora em espaços não formais: trilha sensorial e ambiental como estratégia de re-sensibilização para idosos”, realizado na Instituição Lar dos Idosos São Vicente de Paulo, durante o Estágio Curricular das Ciências Biológicas em Espaços Educativos, no primeiro semestre de 2018. O projeto trabalhou com os idosos o sistema sensorial através do tato, visão, audição e olfativo, de forma dinâmica e preocupada em restabelecer o lado individual do idoso de forma a trabalhar a percepção e a memória, além da motivação pelos elementos ambientais. Após a aplicação do projeto, foram realizadas entrevistas que revelaram que a experiência foi significativa para os participantes, atendendo aos objetivos, além de proporcionar aos acadêmicos novos olhares sobre o ensino-aprendizagem em espaços educativos não formais

Evaluation of biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities of pequi oil-based nanoemulsion in in vitro and in vivo models

Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) contains bioactive compounds capable of modulating the inflammatory process; however, its hydrophobic characteristic limits its therapeutic use. The encapsulation of pequi oil in nanoemulsions can improve its biodistribution and promote its immunomodulatory effects. Thus, the objective of the present study was to formulate pequi oil-based nanoemulsions (PeNE) to evaluate their biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects in in vitro (macrophages—J774.16) and in vivo (Rattus novergicus) models. PeNE were biocompatible, showed no cytotoxic and genotoxic effects and no changes in body weight, biochemistry, or histology of treated animals at all concentrations tested (90–360 µg/mL for 24 h, in vitro; 100–400 mg/kg p.o. 15 days, in vivo). It was possible to observe antinociceptive effects in a dose-dependent manner in the animals treated with PeNE, with a reduction of 27 and 40% in the doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg of PeNE, respectively (p < 0.05); however, the treatment with PeNE did not induce edema reduction in animals with carrageenan-induced edema. Thus, the promising results of this study point to the use of free and nanostructured pequi oil as a possible future approach to a preventive/therapeutic complementary treatment alongside existing conventional therapies for analgesia.Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB)Departamento de Biologia Celular (IB CEL)Faculdade UnB Ceilândia (FCE)Curso de Farmácia (FCE-FAR)Faculdade de Medicina (FM)Faculdade UnB Gama (FGA)Faculdade UnB Planaltina (FUP)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociência e NanobiotecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúd

Ações extensionistas e o diálogo com as comunidades contemporâneas.

As possibilidades que o tema desta segunda edição da Coleção Extensão e Sociedade oportuniza são muitas, porque o diálogo é a condição essencial da Extensão Universitária, a ponto de ser um princípio determinante. Portanto, quando a chamada foi lançada para que os autores submetessem textos oriundos de ações extensionistas, já se esperava que as submissões desenhassem um quadro de diversidade ampla. A expectativa foi cumprida. O que se poderá observar nesta coletânea é como o princípio do diálogo ocorre em campos diversos. Sobre tal aspecto, há de se observar que para a extensão, o diálogo deve ocorrer entre diferentes grupos. A Universidade é, de modo geral, um grupo e a sociedade, abarca todos os demais. Isto, diga-se logo, sob um ponto de vista amplo, porque quanto mais o olhar se aproxima dos fatos, encontram-se no primeiro grupo, muitos outros, tão diversos entre si quanto o são aqueles que se resolveu reunir em uma categoria imensa: a sociedade. Portanto, os influxos desejáveis no processo dialógico são esperados dentro e entre os grupos e é, possivelmente, a maior energia que uma atividade extensionista possa gerar: a ebulição de ideias (nem sempre convergentes) que o diálogo entre os diversos, internos e externos, acaba gerando no processo de interação. E como não há extensão sem interação, vamos aceitar que quando os dois universos, o acadêmico e a sociedade, aproximam-se, nem sempre é possível saber quais os planetas, de cada dimensão, que orbitarão no processo interativo