γ-Heregulin has no biological significance in primary breast cancer

British Journal of Cancer (2002) 86, 1362–1363. DOI: 10.1038/sj/bjc/6600245 www.bjcancer.co

Genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A pathway is not associated with Alzheimer's disease risk

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tau abnormal hyperphosphorylation and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in AD brain is the result of upregulation of tau kinases and downregulation of tau phosphatases.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a group of 729 Spanish late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and 670 healthy controls, we examined variations into a set of candidate genes (PPP2CA, PPP2R2A, ANP32A, LCMT1, PPME1 and PIN1) in the tau protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) pathway, to address hypotheses of genetic variation that might influence AD risk.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There were no differences in the genotypic, allelic or haplotypic distributions between cases and controls in the overall analysis or after stratification by age, gender or APOE ε4 allele.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our negative findings in the Spanish population argue against the hypothesis that genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) pathway is causally related to AD risk</p

Small Bowel Enteroscopy - A Joint Clinical Guideline by the Spanish and Portuguese Small-Bowel Study Groups

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication, and its diagnostic and therapeutic yield. A set of recommendations was issued accordingly.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Biotecnología de plantas superiores y algas verdes

Los ureidos, alantoína y alantoato, son los principales compuestos sintetizados a partir del nitrógeno fijado en los nódulos de las leguminosas que se exportan a las partes aéreas en leguminosas tropicales como la judía. Los ureidos se producen por la oxidación de las purinas sintetizadas de novo en los nódulos radicales y también como parte de un proceso de recuperación de los compuestos nitrogenados en tejidos senescentes. Los ureidos se acumulan en varios tejidos vegetales en respuesta al estrés hídrico, y se ha sugerido que la acumulación de estos compuestos nitrogenados es la responsable de la inhibición de la fijación de nitrógeno que tiene lugar en condiciones ambientales adversas. A pesar de la importancia crucial de los ureidos como compuestos de reserva y transporte de nitrógeno, hasta el momento no se llevado a cabo la caracterización de las rutas de síntesis y degradación de ureidos en plantas. En particular, parece que existen dos posibles rutas de degradación de alantoato, y que el que determinadas leguminosas usen una u otra ruta puede afectar a la sensibilidad o tolerancia de esas plantas a la sequía. Por tanto la determinación de la ruta que opera en leguminosas de gran interés agronómico como la judía y el garbanzo, puede a la larga tener utilidad biotecnológica con la obtención de plantas que sean capaces de mantener la fijación de nitrógeno en condiciones ambientales adversas, como la sequía. Además de en la caracterización, con fines biotecnológicos del metabolismo de ureidos en leguminosas, se está trabajando obtención de algas superproductoras de γ-tocoferol (vitamina E) mediante ingeniería metabólica, así como en el análisis del contenido en antioxidantes del aceite de oliv

Small bowel enteroscopy - A joint clinical guideline from the spanish and portuguese small bowel study groups

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication and on its diagnostic and therapeutic yields. A set of recommendations were issued accordingly.Estas recomendações baseadas na evidência detalham o uso da enteroscopia assistida por dispositivo no manejo clínico das doenças do intestino delgado. Um conjunto de Gastrenterologistas diferenciados em patologia do intestino delgado foi selecionado pelos grupos de estudos Espanhol e Português de intestino delgado para rever a evidência disponível sobre as principais indicações desta técnica, o seu papel nos algoritmos de manejo de cada indicação e sobre o seu rendimento diagnóstico e terapêutico. Foi gerado um conjunto de recomendações pelos autores

Consensus on complementary feeding from the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: COCO 2023

Abstract Complementary feeding (CF) is defined as infant feeding that complements breastfeeding or, alternatively, breastfeeding with a breast milk substitute, and is a process that goes beyond simply providing guidance on what and how to introduce foods. The information provided by health professionals should be up-to-date and evidence-based. There are different guidelines or position papers at the international level, which, although most of the recommendations may be applicable, there are some others that require regionalization or adaptation to the conditions and reality of each area. The Nutrition working group of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition convened a group of experts, representatives from each of the countries that make up the society, with the objective of developing a consensus on CA, incorporating, when possible, local information that adapts to the reality of the region. The purpose of this document is to show the results of this work. Through Delphi methodology, a total of 34 statements or statements regarding relevant aspects of CA were evaluated, discussed and voted upon.Resumen La alimentación complementaria (AC) se define como la alimentación de los lactantes que complementa a la lactancia materna o en su defecto, a la lactancia con un sucedáneo de la leche materna, y es un proceso que va más allá de simplemente una guía sobre qué y cómo introducir los alimentos. La información brindada por parte de los profesionales de la salud debe ser actualizada y basada en evidencia. Existen diferentes guías o documentos de posición a nivel internacional, que, aunque la mayoría de las recomendaciones pueden ser aplicables, hay algunas otras que requieren una regionalización o adecuación a las condiciones y realidad de cada zona. El grupo de trabajo de Nutrición de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica convocó a un grupo de expertos, representantes de cada uno de los países que conforman la sociedad, con el objetivo de desarrollar un consenso sobre la AC, que incorporó cuando así fue posible, información local que se adapte a la realidad de la región. El objetivo de este documento es mostrar los resultados de dicho trabajo. A través de metodología Delphi, se evaluaron, discutieron y votaron un total de 34 declaraciones o enunciados con respecto a aspectos relevantes de la AC

II Consenso Colombiano para el Manejo de la Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica

The Colombian Osteoporosis and Mineral Metabolism Association met in early 2017 to update the Colombian Consensus on Osteoporosis. This was first issued in 2005, and is seen as a necessary step in view of the underdiagnosed status of this disease, and the expected impact of population ageing. A technical team was formed with specialists with long experience across multiple disciplines, who were assigned to four working groups: definitions and epidemiology, diagnosis, pharmacological treatment, and non-pharmacological treatment. After a scientific literature review and a series of meetings, the definitions and recommendations are summarised in this article. © 2018 Asociación Colombiana de Reumatologí

II Consenso Colombiano para el Manejo de la Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica

The Colombian Osteoporosis and Mineral Metabolism Association met in early 2017 to update the Colombian Consensus on Osteoporosis. This was first issued in 2005, and is seen as a necessary step in view of the underdiagnosed status of this disease, and the expected impact of population ageing. A technical team was formed with specialists with long experience across multiple disciplines, who were assigned to four working groups: definitions and epidemiology, diagnosis, pharmacological treatment, and non-pharmacological treatment. After a scientific literature review and a series of meetings, the definitions and recommendations are summarised in this article. © 2018 Asociación Colombiana de Reumatologí