Aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos hídricos en el desarrollo de los yacimientos de hidrocarburos no convencionales

Desde fines de los ‘90 Argentina declinó sus reservas hidrocarburíferas en coincidencia con la progresiva disminución de la producción nacional de gas y petróleo. Sin embargo, estudios geológicos-geofísicos posicionan mundialmente al país dentro de los seis con mayores reservas de hidrocarburos no convencionales. Para el desarrollo de estos yacimientos es preciso contar con importantes volúmenes de agua, transformando rocas de baja permeabilidad (pelitas-esquistos) en rocas permeables capaces de transmitir gas o petróleo mediante la técnica “fracking” (fracturación de las rocas por medio de inyección de fluidos a altas presiones hidráulicas). Una cantidad importante de estos reservorios se ubican en regiones áridas de Argentina (Provincias de Neuquén, Mendoza, Chubut, Santa Cruz), donde los recursos hídricos suelen escasear o distan de los yacimientos, siendo los recursos subterráneos una alternativa para exploración. Este trabajo describe las necesidades hídricas para perforación y desarrollo de esta tecnología basado en experiencias de yacimientos no convencionales maduros, describiendo ventajas y problemáticas, particularmente en relación a los recursos hídricos.Since the late '90s Argentina hydrocarbon reserves have declined coinciding with the gradual decline in national production of oil and gas. However, geological-geophysical studies globally positioned the country within six with major unconventional hydrocarbon reserves. For exploration and development of these resources is necessary to have large volumes of water to transform low-permeability rocks (shales, schists) in permeable rocks capable of transmitting gas or oil using the technique "fracking" (fracking rock for injecting fluids at high pressures hydraulic). Significant amount of these reservoirs are located in arid regions of Argentina (Provincia of Neuquén, Mendoza, Chubut, Santa Cruz), where water resources are scarce or far from the deposits, being an alternative underground resources exploration. This paper describes the water requirements for drilling and development of this technology based on experiences of mature unconventional reservoirs, describing advantages and problems, particularly in relation to water resources.Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos hídricos en el desarrollo de los yacimientos de hidrocarburos no convencionales

Fil: Scatizza, Carlos F.. Hidroar S.A. Calle 67 N 1474, (1900) La Plata. Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Hernández, Mario Alberto. Cátedra de Hidrogeología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Preiato, Sergio. Hidroar S.A. Calle 67 N 1474, (1900) La Plata. Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Di Lorenzo, Cintia. Hidroar S.A. Calle 67 N 1474, (1900) La Plata. Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Wocca, Marcos. Hidroar S.A. Calle 67 N 1474, (1900) La Plata. Buenos Aires; Argentin

Desterrados : Los silenciados de la Conquista

Desterrados es una exhibición itinerante destinada a discutir la noción de "Conquista del desierto". A partir de algunos de los objetos de la colección patrimonial de Salatino Mazulli (provincia de Río Negro), la exhibición invita a reflexionar sobre aquel proceso histórico desde una perspectiva integral. También poner en valor la lucha de los pueblos por la reivindicación de sus derechos, repensando la historia nacional desde una mirada local.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Desterrados : Los silenciados de la Conquista

Desterrados es una exhibición itinerante destinada a discutir la noción de "Conquista del desierto". A partir de algunos de los objetos de la colección patrimonial de Salatino Mazulli (provincia de Río Negro), la exhibición invita a reflexionar sobre aquel proceso histórico desde una perspectiva integral. También poner en valor la lucha de los pueblos por la reivindicación de sus derechos, repensando la historia nacional desde una mirada local.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat