2D Potential Analysis in Buried Oxide Layer of Nanoscale SOI MOSFET

Proper incorporation of short channel effects in nanoscale SOI MOSFET modeling demands total two dimensional potential analysis through out the device as the field is truly two-dimensional (2D) in nature. 2D potential profile in the channel, based on Poisson’s equation solution, have been extensively studied but similar in-depth analysis in the buried oxide layer is yet to be carried out. Miniaturization of device dimension makes 2D potential analysis in the buried layer indispensable as fringing field and substrate bias effect have huge impact on device performance, especially in nano regime. In this work, an analytical model of 2D potential profile in the buried oxide layer of SOI MOSFET has been developed by solving 2D Poisson’s equation

Analysis of Voltage Transfer Characteristics of Nano-scale SOI CMOS Inverter with Variable Channel Length and Doping Concentration

During many decades, continuous device performance improvement has been made possible only through device scaling. But presently, due to aggressive scaling at the sub-micron or nanometer region, the conventional planner silicon technology is suffering from the fundamental physical limits. Such imposed limits on further downscaling of silicon planner technology have lead to alternative device technology like Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology. Due-to some of its inherent advantages, the Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology has reduced the Short-channel-effects (SCEs) and thus increased transistor scalability. Till now, intense research interests have been paid in practical fabrication and theoretical modeling of SOI MOSFETs but a little attention has been paid to understand the circuit level performance improvement with nano-scale SOI MOSFETs. The circuit level performance analysis of SOI MOSFET is highly essential to understand the impact of SOI technology on next level VLSI circuit and chip design and for doing so device compact models are high on demand. In such scenario, under present research, a physics based compact device model of SOI MOSFET has been developed. At the first phase of the compact model development, a physics based threshold voltage model has been developed by solving 2-D Poisson’s equation at the channel region and at the second phase, a current-voltage model has been developed with drift-diffusion analysis. Different SCEs, valid at nano-scale, are effectively incorporated in threshold voltage and Current-Voltage model. At the third phase, using the compact model, the Voltage Transfer Characteristics (VTC) for a nano-scale SOI CMOS inverter has been derived with graphical analysis. The impacts of different device parameters e.g.; channel length and channel doping concentration on VTC has been investigated through simulation and the results have been analyzed

Using Salivary Biomarkers for Stress Assessment in Offshore Saturation Diving: A Pilot Study.

Health monitoring during offshore saturation diving is complicated due to restricted access to the divers, the desire to keep invasive procedures to a minimum, and limited opportunity for laboratory work onboard dive support vessels (DSV). In this pilot study, we examined whether measuring salivary biomarkrers in samples collected by the divers themselves might be a feasible approach to environmental stress assessment. Nine saturation divers were trained in the passive drool method for saliva collection and proceeded to collect samples at nine time points before, during, and after an offshore commercial saturation diving campaign. Samples collected within the hyperbaric living chambers were decompressed and stored frozen at -20°C onboard the DSV until they were shipped to land for analysis. Passive drool samples were collected without loss and assayed for a selection of salivary biomarkers: secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukins IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, as well as cortisol and alpha-amylase. During the bottom phase of the hyperbaric saturation, SIgA, CRP, TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-1β increased significantly, whereas IL-6, cortisol and alpha-amylase were unchanged. All markers returned to pre-dive levels after the divers were decompressed back to surface pressure. We conclude that salivary biomarker analysis may be a feasible approach to stress assessment in offshore saturation diving. The results of our pilot test are consonant with an activation of the sympathetic nervous system related to systemic inflammation during hyperbaric and hyperoxic saturation. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2021 Monnoyer, Lautridou, Deb, Hjelde and Eftedal.

A SURVEY OF AI IMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR COVID-19 DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused massive infections and death toll. Radiological imaging in chest such as computed tomography (CT) has been instrumental in the diagnosis and evaluation of the lung infection which is the common indication in COVID-19 infected patients. The technological advances in artificial intelligence (AI) furthermore increase the performance of imaging tools and support health professionals. CT, Positron Emission Tomography – CT (PET/CT), X-ray, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Lung Ultrasound (LUS) are used for diagnosis, treatment of COVID-19. Applying AI on image acquisition will help automate the process of scanning and providing protection to lab technicians. AI empowered models help radiologists and health experts in making better clinical decisions. We review AI-empowered medical imaging characteristics, image acquisition, computer-aided models that help in the COVID-19 diagnosis, management, and follow-up. Much emphasis is on CT and X-ray with integrated AI, as they are first choice in many hospitals

DNA Logic Gates to Design Half Adder

The DNA molecule is indubitably the most powerful medium known for data storage and processing. But till now, DNA molecule has found little use in computing applications. For initiating computing application with DNA molecule, it requires to design DNA transistors which can be utilized to design basic gates to implement Boolean logic. Interestingly some recent researches have shown that it is very much possible to design a three terminal transistor like device architecture by controlling the flow of RNA polymerase along DNA with specific integrases. Along with that, very recently, fundamental experimental designs for realizing various basic Boolean logic functions have been demonstrated successfully with DNA molecule. Present work adopted, modified and extended such DNA logic gate concept to execute design simulation of a half adder circuit. The timing diagram for sum, carry, input and output has been simulated and results have been presented. With present research, it has been established that such DNA logic gate concept can be extended to complex circuits. At the same time, it has been also predicted that with the development of proper mathematical model for DNA transistor, a circuit simulator can be designed for designing and simulating bioelectronics circuit in near future

Comparative Assessment of the Acute Effects of Whey, Rice and Potato Protein Isolate Intake on Markers of Glycaemic Regulation and Appetite in Healthy Males Using a Randomised Study Design

Global protein consumption has been increasing for decades due to changes in demographics and consumer shifts towards higher protein intake to gain health benefits in performance nutrition and appetite regulation. Plant-derived proteins may provide a more environmentally sustainable alternative to animal-derived proteins. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate, for the first time, the acute effects on glycaemic indices, gut hormones, and subjective appetite ratings of two high-quality, plant-derived protein isolates (potato and rice), in comparison to a whey protein isolate in a single-blind, triple-crossover design study with nine male participants (30.8 ± 9.3 yrs). Following a 12 h overnight fast, participants consumed an equal volume of the three isocaloric protein shakes on different days, with at least a one-week washout period. Glycaemic indices and gut hormones were measured at baseline, then at 30, 60, 120, 180 min at each visit. Subjective palatability and appetite ratings were measured using visual analogue scales (VAS) over the 3 h, at each visit. This data showed significant differences in insulin secretion with an increase in whey (+141.8 ± 35.1 pmol/L; = 0.011) and rice (-64.4 ± 20.9 pmol/L; = 0.046) at 30 min compared to potato protein. A significantly larger total incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was observed with whey versus potato and rice with < 0.001 and = 0.010, respectively. There was no significant difference observed in average appetite perception between the different proteins. In conclusion, this study suggests that both plant-derived proteins had a lower insulinaemic response and improved glucose maintenance compared to whey protein