Les cultures et les pratiques agricoles antiques dans la cité de Béziers : L'exemple de la viticulture et de l'arboriculture sur l'autoroute A75 (Pézenas-Béziers, Hérault)

International audienceLes opérations archéologiques réalisées préalablement à la construction de l'autoroute A75, entre Pézenas et Béziers (Hérault), ont permis d'enrichir le dossier de la viticulture antique dans la vallée de l'Hérault et de documenter celui de l'arboriculture antique, jusque là très peu perçu par l'archéologie. Les indices de viticultures sont déterminés par les données concernant les unités de production ou de stockage au sein des établissements agricoles, mais aussi par les vestiges des vignobles et les restes paléobotaniques issus du comblement des puits ou d'autres structures archéologiques. Concernant l'arboriculture, de vastes vergers sont désormais identifiés et permettent d'envisager témoins à l'appui une arboriculture de rendement. Là encore, les analyses paléobotaniques à partir des graines et des bois conservés dans les puits des établissements antiques permettent de compléter les observations archéologiques et de percevoir une grande variété d'arbres cultivés

4WD Baja Upright and Wheel Hub

The University of Akron Zips Baja Team has switched to a 4-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicle as per the 2023 Baja Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) rules. The 2022 Baja Vehicle was 2WD, thus the upright and wheel hub were designed exclusively for a 2-wheel-drive (2WD) Baja vehicle. This report entails the design process and methods of verification for the design of the 4WD upright and wheel hub

La céramique « commune massaliète » du site de Lattara (Lattes, Hérault) au Ve siècle avant notre ère (-475 /-375). Première approche typologique et essai de classification

L’étude de la céramique claire massaliète du site de Lattes (-475/-375) a permis de mettre en évidence une production massaliète de céramique commune se différenciant des autres productions de céramique claire fine par une pâte plus grossière, au dégraissant de mica en paillettes plus grosses, avec une pâte proche de celle des amphores massaliètes. On regroupera ainsi sous le terme de « céramique commune massaliète » des vases tournés, destinés à la préparation et/ou à la cuisson des aliments, qui s’inspirent des formes des céramiques grecques et non tournées locales, la forme la plus emblématique étant le mortier massaliète. Cette mise en évidence d’une nouvelle catégorie céramique nous permet de progresser dans l’identification des différentes productions dites massaliètes, provenant de la cité phocéenne mais aussi d’ateliers locaux.The study of clear massaliet pottery found in the archaeological site of Lattes (-475/-375) has highlighted a common massaliet pottery production differing from other productions of fine pottery clear by a coarse paste, the degreaser mica into larger flakes with a dough similar to that of massaliet amphorae. This will bring together under the term “massaliète rought pottery” turned vases, made of the same stuff that massaliet amphorae, for the preparation and / or cooking, inspired by the shapes of Greek ceramics and hand made pottery, the most iconic shape is massaliet mortar. This demonstration of a new class ceramic enables us to progress in the identification of different productions massaliètes say, from Marseille but also local workshops

How Does the Brain Implement Adaptive Decision Making to Eat?

Adaptive decision making to eat is crucial for survival, but in anorexia nervosa, the brain persistently supports reduced food intake despite a growing need for energy. How the brain persists in reducing food intake, sometimes even to the point of death and despite the evolution of multiple mechanisms to ensure survival by governing adaptive eating behaviors, remains mysterious. Neural substrates belong to the reward-habit system, which could differ among the eating disorders. The present review provides an overview of neural circuitry of restrictive food choice, binge eating, and the contribution of specific serotonin receptors. One possibility is that restrictive food intake critically engages goal-directed (decision making) systems and “habit,” supporting the view that persistent caloric restriction mimics some aspects of addiction to drugs of abuse

Single versus double experimental bile duct ligation model for inducing bacterial translocation

Background: Double common bile duct ligation plus section in rats is used as a model for bacterial translocation, a phenomenon that has been correlated with the degree of liver damage. This study analyzes whether a simpler variant of the technique is also a valid model to study bacterial translocation. Methods: Fifty-six male Sprague Dawley rats underwent one of three surgical interventions: a) proximal double ligation and section of the common bile duct; b) proximal simple ligation of the bile duct; and c) sham operation. Bacterial translocation was measured by cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes, blood, spleen and liver. Stool culture and histological analysis of liver damage were also performed. Results: The incidence of bacterial translocation in SBL and DBDL groups was 23,5% and 25% respectively. Mortality was similar between ligation groups (11.2% versus 10%). Liver cirrhosis developed in the group of double ligation and section (100% of the animals at 4 weeks), while portal hypertension appeared starting at week 3. None of the animals submitted to simple ligation developed liver cirrhosis. Conclusions: Simple bile duct ligation is associated with a similar incidence of bacterial translocation as double ligation, but without cirrhosis or portal hypertension

One year follow-up of a randomized trial with a dilemma-focused intervention for depression: Exploring an alternative to problem-oriented strategies

© 2018 Feixas et al.Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is aimed to counteract cognitions and behaviours that are considered as dysfunctional. The aim of the study is to test whether the inclusion of a non-counteractive approach (dilemma-focused intervention, DFI) in combination with CBT group therapy will yield better short- and long-term outcomes than an intervention conducted entirely using CBT.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Aspects of methodology in assessing inflammation and damage in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis

This thesis is two-fold focused on rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. It covers outstanding aspects of research methodology in the assessment of inflammation and damage in patients with these diseases. The studies pertaining to the first part of the thesis focus on rheumatoid arthritis and may help to better understand the relationship between disease activity, radiographic damage and disability. More specifically, they evaluate which of the available tools (individual instruments or composite indices) is associated with radiographic damage and which of the different types of structural lesions detectable on radiographs is associated with disability. Additionally, these studies address methodological issues related to the optimal assessment of radiographic progression in clinical trials. The studies described in the second part of the thesis evaluate the benefit of supplementary tests reflecting inflammation, especially to help classifying (diagnosing) patients and to monitor disease activity. Among others, the studies described in this thesis provide data that allow a better usage of these tests in clinical practice. Overall, this thesis provide guidelines on how to assess properly rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis in clinical trials and in clinical practice. This precise way of assessment will lead to a better understanding and a better management of these diseases.UBL - phd migration 201

Risk and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic literature review to inform EULAR recommendations

Objectives: Perform a systematic literature review (SLR) on risk and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). Methods: Literature was searched up to 31 May 2021, including (randomised) controlled trials and observational studies with patients with RMD. Pending quality assessment, data extraction was performed and risk of bias (RoB) was assessed. Quality assessment required provision of (1) an appropriate COVID-19 case definition, and (2a) a base incidence (for incidence data) or (2b) a comparator, >10 cases with the outcome and risk estimates minimally adjusted for age, sex and comorbidities (for risk factor data). Results: Of 5165 records, 208 were included, of which 90 passed quality assessment and data were extracted for incidence (n=42), risk factor (n=42) or vaccination (n=14). Most studies had unclear/high RoB. Generally, patients with RMDs do not face more risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 (n=26 studies) or worse prognosis of COVID-19 (n=14) than individuals without RMDs. No consistent differences in risk of developing (severe) COVID-19 were found between different RMDs (n=19). Disease activity is associated with worse COVID-19 prognosis (n=2), possibly explaining the increased risk seen for glucocorticoid use (n=13). Rituximab is associated with worse COVID-19 prognosis (n=7) and possibly Janus kinase inhibitors (n=3). Vaccination is generally immunogenic, though antibody responses are lower than in controls. Vaccine immunogenicity is negatively associated with older age, rituximab and mycophenolate. Conclusion: This SLR informed the July 2021 update of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for the management of RMDs in the context of SARS-CoV-2