Person-centered practice in the Portuguese Healthcare Services: a scoping review protocol

Recognizing the importance of the international advancements on person-centered practice (PCP) with positive implementation outcomes at the varied levels of healthcare systems, this scoping review will examine the PCP in Portuguese healthcare services. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for scoping reviews will be followed. The Population (P) Concept (C) Context (C) mnemonic will scaffold research questions, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the searching strategy. Literature reporting on person-centeredness domains at the macro-, meso-, and micro levels applied to Portuguese healthcare services in Portuguese and English will be considered for inclusion. Accordingly, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, LILACS, SCIELO, Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal (RCAAP), and Open gray will be searched. The literature will be screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers, first by title and abstract and subsequently by full text. A data extraction matrix designed to answer the research questions will be used for the included literature. The charted data will be thematically analyzed and presented graphically, with a narrative description of the literature characteristics. The results are expected to inform healthcare stakeholders at varying levels about the PCP domains where further improvements might be required in order to raise the quality of care to the international gold standards.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Portopulmonary Hypertension

Portopulmonary hypertension (PPH) is characterized by the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with portal hypertension, with or without liver disease. It is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) greater than 25 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) above 240 dynes.s.cm-5, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) normal when less than 15 mmHg or transpulmonary gradient (TPG) > 10 mmHg. In the pulmonary hypertension classification PPH is classified in Group I. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in association with cirrhosis and portal hypertension is underdiagnosed. Epidemiological studies estimated that about 2–6% of patients with portal hypertension develop PPH. Mortality is directly proportional to measured MPAP and PVR. Mean pulmonary artery pressure is an independent predictor of mortality, and many centers consider that values greater than 50 mmHg is an absolute contraindication to liver transplantation (LT). The aim of the review is to explore the current aspects of PPH relative to concept, diagnosis, and treatment

Transtorno mental comum na gravidez e sintomas depressivos pós-natal no estudo MINA-Brasil: ocorrência e fatores associados

OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence and factors associated with common mental disorders in pregnancy and depressive symptoms in postpartum, as well as the association between both in the Brazilian Western Amazon. METHODS This is a prospective cohort in the MINA-Brazil study with women who received primary health care in the town of Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre State. We performed two clinical evaluations during pregnancy (the first: 16–20 weeks; the second: 28 gestational weeks) and three postpartum evaluations (at 3, 6 and 12 months), in which demographic and socioeconomic, gestational, lifestyle and clinical data were collected. We used the Self-Reported Questionnaire (score ≥ 8) to screen the gestational common mental disorder and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (score ≥ 10) to identify postpartum depressive symptoms. We used adjusted ordinal logistic regression to investigate the relationship between the covariates and the occurrence of common mental disorders in pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptomatology. RESULTS A total of 461 women completed the two clinical evaluations in pregnancy; of these, 247 completed the three postpartum evaluations. The occurrence of common mental disorder during pregnancy was 36.2% and 24.5% in the first and second evaluations, respectively, and the cumulative incidence was 9.2%. In addition, 50.3% maintained the disorder between evaluations. During postpartum, approximately 20% of the mothers presented depressive symptoms during the first year of their children’s lives. Parity (≥ 2) was associated with common mental disorders, while low maternal education was associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. Women with a common mental disorder in both evaluations during pregnancy were 5.6 times more likely (95%CI: 2.50–12.60) to develop postpartum depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The occurrence of common mental disorder at any time assessed during pregnancy, but especially its persistence from the second trimester, was strongly associated with depressive symptoms after childbirth. These findings highlight the need for early screening and monitoring of the mental health of pregnant women at the start of prenatal care in order to reduce possible negative impacts on the health of the mother-child binomial caused by such events.OBJETIVO Investigar a ocorrência e os fatores associados com os transtornos mentais comuns na gestação e sintomas depressivos no pós-parto, bem como a associação entre ambos na Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. MÉTODOS Coorte prospectiva no estudo MINA-Brasil com mulheres atendidas na atenção primária à saúde de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre. Foram realizadas duas avaliações clínicas na gestação (primeira: 16–20 semanas; segunda: 28 semanas gestacionais) e três avaliações no pós-parto (aos 3, 6 e 12 meses), nas quais foram coletados dados demográficos e socioeconômicos, gestacionais, de estilo de vida e clínicos. Utilizou-se o Self-Reported Questionnaire (escore ≥ 8) para rastreamento do transtorno mental comum gestacional e a escala de depressão pós-natal de Edimburgo (escore ≥ 10) para identificação de sintomas depressivos pós-parto. Foi utilizada regressão logística ordinal ajustada para investigar a relação entre as covariáveis e a ocorrência de transtornos mentais comuns na gravidez e a sintomatologia depressiva no pós-parto. RESULTADOS Um total de 461 mulheres completaram as duas avaliações clínicas na gestação; dessas, 247 completaram as três avaliações pós-parto. A ocorrência de transtorno mental comum durante a gestação foi de 36,2% e 24,5% na primeira e segunda avaliações, respectivamente, e a incidência cumulativa foi de 9,2%. Ademais, 50,3% mantiveram o transtorno entre as avaliações. Durante o pós-parto, aproximadamente 20% das mães apresentaram sintomatologia depressiva ao longo do primeiro ano de vida de seus filhos. A paridade (≥ 2) foi associada ao transtorno mental comum, enquanto a baixa escolaridade materna associou-se com sintoma depressivo pós-parto. Mulheres com transtorno mental comum nas duas avaliações na gravidez apresentaram 5,6 vezes mais chance (IC95% 2,50–12,60) de desenvolverem sintoma depressivo pós-parto. CONCLUSÃO A ocorrência de transtorno mental comum em qualquer momento avaliado durante a gravidez, mas principalmente sua persistência a partir do segundo trimestre, foi fortemente associado ao sintoma depressivo posterior ao parto. Tais achados evidenciam a necessidade de rastreamento precoce e monitoramento da saúde mental de gestantes no início do pré-natal, a fim de reduzir possíveis impactos negativos para a saúde do binômio mãe-filho causados por tais eventos

Extraction of agar from Gelidium corneum using an alternative heating technology

Traditional polysaccharides extraction processes are often performed under heating which makes them time-, energy- and solvent-consuming. The aim of this work was to assess the possibility of using ohmic heating to replace conventional heating in the extraction of seaweed hydrocolloids. This technology is able to heat almost instantaneously the whole volume to be treated, using the ability that most materials have to dissipate energy as heat. As a result, it is energetically much more efficient, with efficiencies well above 95%. In traditional boilers, energetic efficiency is usually around 70-80%. This implies that the energetic efficiency of traditional extraction is below these values, as we have also to account for energy losses in the pipelines and in the extractor. The extraction of agar from Gelidium corneum (sesquipedale) was chosen as a model process due to the high temperatures and energy input needed. All traditional and ohmic extractions were made with a ratio of 50 g of water: 1 g of seaweed at 95 °C, for 2 hours on seaweeds pre-treated with NaOH and neutralized with diluted acetic acid. For the ohmic system, the voltage was set at 600 V and the distance between electrodes was 10 cm. The yields achieved (around 15-20%) were similar in both traditional and ohmic extractions. Gelling ability, sulphate and 3-6-anydrogalactose contents were also in the same range resulting in agars with similar functional properties. Ohmic heating is thus an energetically more efficient alternative to the conventional process of extraction of agar from seaweeds without impairing its functional properties. Besides the evident energy efficiency advantage, steam (and thus boiler blowdown) savings also constitute an important environmental improvement

Alteração do comprimento do passo durante a transposição de obstáculos em tarefas de movimentação de cargas na construção civil

A Construção Civil tem sido o sector que regista maior incidência de acidentes fatais a nível mundial. Diversos estudos têm sido efectuados no sentido de compreender as causas que contribuem para a ocorrência de elevados índices de sinistralidade neste sector. Todavia, o contributo da movimentação manual de cargas, para a ocorrência de quedas na Construção Civil, tem sido descurado. No presente artigo procedeu-se, através de simulação laboratorial, ao estudo da influência da movimentação manual de cargas para a ocorrência de acidentes em operações envolvendo a transposição de obstáculos em obra. Verificou-se que o comprimento de passo e a passada do pé de avanço são alterados com o transporte de carga, aumentando a probabilidade de ocorrência de acidentes envolvendo quedas

Clear-water scour at comparatively large cylindrical piers

New long-duration clear-water scour data were collected at single cylindrical piers with the objective of investigating the effect of sediment coarseness, Dp=D50 (Dp = pier diameter; D50 = median grain size) on the equilibrium scour depth and improving the scour depth time evolution modeling by making use of the exponential function suggested in the literature. Experiments were carried out for the flow intensity close to the threshold condition of initiation of sediment motion, imposing wide changes of sediment coarseness and flow shallowness, d=Dp (d = approach flow depth). The effect of sediment coarseness on the equilibrium scour depth was identified; existing predictors were modified to incorporate this effect for U=Uc ≈ 1.0; Dp=D50 > ≈60 and d=Dp ≥ 0.5; the complete characterization of a known scour depth time evolution model was achieved for U=Uc ≈ 1.0, 60 < Dp=D50 < 500 and 0.5 ≤ d=Dp ≤ 5.0

Development of a Questionnaire to Assess Knowledge and Perceptions about Edible Insects

Edible insects (EI) have been consumed as traditional foods in many parts of the globe, but in other regions, they are not readily accepted, particularly in Western countries. However, because EI are suggested to constitute a more sustainable protein food as compared with other sources of animal protein, they can be considered a future food that could help mitigate hunger and malnutrition. Additionally, new gastronomic trends are already targeting this area for exploring new potentialities. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess consumers’ perceptions and knowledge about EI in seven different domains: D1. Culture and Tradition, D2. Gastronomic Innovation and Gourmet Kitchen, D3. Environment and Sustainability, D4. Economic and Social Aspects, D5. Commercialization and Marketing, D6. Nutritional Aspects and D7. Health Effects. The 64 items were subjected to item analysis and reliability analysis for validation, and factor analysis was also conducted to identify a grouping structure. The results validated all the items of the seven subscales with high values of Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.732 for D1, α = 0.795 for D2, α = 0.882 for D3, α = 0.742 for D4, α = 0.675 for D5, α = 0.799 for D6 and α = 0.788 for D7). However, by eliminating 17 items, the final values of the alpha increased in all subscales. Factor analysis with extraction by principal component analysis with varimax rotation extracted 14 factors that explained, in total, 65% of the variance, although the first two factors were the most important (35.7% variance explained). In conclusion, the confirmed usefulness of the questionnaire has been hereby validated for assessing consumer perceptions of and knowledge about EI.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Thermographic inspection of impact damage in carbon fiber-reinforcing polymer matrix laminates

Laminados compósitos com matrizes poliméricas, respectivamente termorrígida e termoplástica, fortalecidas com fibras contínuas de carbono foram submetidos a impacto único transversal com diferentes níveis de energia. Os danos impingidos aos materiais estruturais foram avaliados por termografia ativa infravermelha na modalidade transmissão. Em geral, os termogramas do laminado termoplástico apresentaram indicações mais claras e bem definidas dos danos causados por impacto, se comparados aos do compósito termorrígido. O aquecimento convectivo das amostras por fluxo controlado de ar quente se mostrou mais eficaz que o realizado por irradiação, empregando-se lâmpada de filamento. Observou-se também que tempos mais longos de aquecimento favoreceram a visualização dos danos. O posicionamento da face impactada do espécime, relativamente à câmera infravermelha e à fonte de calor, não afetou a qualidade dos termogramas no caso do laminado termorrígido, enquanto que influenciou significativamente os termogramas do compósito termoplástico. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a termografia infravermelha é um método de ensaio não-destrutivo simples, robusto e confiável para a detecção de danos por impacto tão leve quanto 5 J em laminados compósitos poliméricos reforçados com fibras de carbono.Continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoset and thermoplastic composite laminates were exposed to single transversal impact with different energy levels. The damages impinged to the structural materials were evaluated by active infrared thermography in the transmission mode. In general, the thermoplastic laminate thermograms showed clearer damage indications than those from the thermosetting composite. The convective heating of the samples by controlled hot air flow was more efficient than via irradiation using a filament lamp. It was also observed that longer heating times improved the damage visualization. The positioning of the specimen's impacted face regarding the infrared camera and the heating source did not affect the thermo-imaging of thermosetting specimens, whereas it substantially influenced the thermograms of thermoplastic laminates. The results obtained allow concluding that infrared thermography is a simple, robust and trustworthy methodology for detecting impact damages as slight as 5 J in carbon fiber composite laminates.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CNPqMaterials Institute of Brazi

Phylogeny of Lantana, Lippia, and related genera (Lantaneae: Verbenaceae)

Premise: Lantana and Lippia (Verbenaceae) are two large Linnean genera whose classification has been based on associated fruit traits: fleshy vs. dry fruits and one vs. two seed-bearing units. We reconstruct evolutionary relationships and the evolution of the two fruit traits to test the validity of these traits for classification. Methods: Previous studies of plastid DNA sequences provided limited resolution for this group. Consequently, seven nuclear loci, including ITS, ETS, and five PPR loci, were sequenced for 88 accessions of the Lantana/Lippia clade and three outgroups. Results: Neither Lantana nor Lippia is monophyletic. Burroughsia, Nashia, Phyla, and several Aloysia species are included within the clade comprising Lantana and Lippia. We provide a hypothesis for fruit evolution and biogeographic history in the group and their relevance for classification. Conclusions: Fleshy fruits evolved multiple times in the Lantana/Lippia clade and thus are not suitable taxonomic characters. Several sections of Lantana and Lippia and the small genera are monophyletic, but Lippia section Zappania is broadly paraphyletic, making circumscription of genera difficult. Lippia sect. Rhodolippia is a polyphyletic group characterized by convergence in showy bracts. Species of Lantana sect. Sarcolippia, previously transferred to Lippia, are not monophyletic. The clade originated and diversified in South America, with at least four expansions into both Central America and the Caribbean and two to Africa. The types species of Lantana and Lippia occur in small sister clades, rendering any taxonomy that retains either genus similar to its current circumscription impossible.Fil: Lu Irving, Patricia. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Bedoya, Ana M.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Salimena, Fátima R. G.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: dos Santos Silva, Tânia R.. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; BrasilFil: Viccini, Lyderson F.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Bitencourt, Cássia. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; BrasilFil: Thode, Verônica. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Cardoso, Pedro H.. Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro. Museu Nacional; BrasilFil: O'Leary, Nataly Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: Olmstead, Richard. University of Washington; Estados Unido

Investigation of the level of knowledge in different countries about edible insects : cluster segmentation

This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge about edible insects (EIs) in a sample of people from thirteen countries (Croatia, Greece, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, and Turkey). Data collection was based on a questionnaire survey applied through online tools between July and November 2021. For data analysis, techniques such as factor analysis, cluster analysis, and chi-square tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. A total of 27 items were used to measure knowledge on a five-point Likert scale. Applying factor analysis with principal components and Varimax rotation, a solution that explains about 55% of variance was obtained. This accounts for four factors that retained 22 of the 27 initial items: F1 = Sustainability (8 items), F2 = Nutrition (8 items), F3 = Production Factors (2 items), and F4 = Health Concerns (4 items). Internal consistency was evaluated through Cronbach’s alpha. The cluster analysis consisted of the application of hierarchical methods followed by k-means and produced three clusters (1—‘fearful’, 2—‘farming,’ and 3—‘ecological’ individuals). The characterisation of the clusters revealed that age did not influence cluster membership, while sex, education, country, living environment, professional area, and income all influenced the composition of the clusters. While participants from Mexico and Spain were fewer in the ‘fearful’ cluster, in those from Greece, Latvia, Lebanon, and Turkey, the situation was opposed. Participants from rural areas were mostly in cluster 2, which also included a higher percentage of participants with lower income. Participants from professional areas linked with biology, food, and nutrition were mostly in cluster 3. In this way, we concluded that the level of knowledge about EIs is highly variable according to the individual characteristics, namely that the social and cultural influences of the different countries lead to distinct levels of knowledge and interpretation of information, thus producing divergent approaches to the consumption of insects—some more reluctant and measuring possible risks. In contrast, others consider EIs a good and sustainable protein-food alternative.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio