Efeito da musicoterapia sobre o estresse de dependentes químicos: estudo quase-experimental

Objective: to evaluate the effect of music therapy on the stress of chemically dependent people. Method: quasi-experimental study conducted at a philanthropic institution with 18 chemically dependent people undergoing treatment. Salivary cortisol (stress hormone) was collected in three moments: before, 60 minutes after, and 120 minutes after a music therapy group intervention. Statistical analysis adopted a significance level of p < 0.05 and used the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests. Results: after 60 minutes of intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction in mean salivary cortisol levels (p < 0.001). A reduction was also noted after 120 minutes, but without statistical significance (p = 0.139). Conclusion: a single session of 60 minutes of group music therapy was able to reduce stress (salivary cortisol levels) of chemically dependent people.Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da musicoterapia sobre o estresse de dependentes químicos. Método: estudo quase-experimental realizado em instituição filantrópica com 18 dependentes químicos em tratamento. O cortisol salivar (hormônio do estresse) foi coletado antes, 60 e 120 minutos após única intervenção musicoterapêutica realizada em grupo. A análise estatística adotou nível de significância de p < 0,05 mediante aplicação dos testes não paramétricos de Wilcoxon e de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: após 60 minutos da intervenção musicoterapêutica, houve redução estatisticamente significante nas médias dos níveis de cortisol salivar (p < 0,001). Após 120 minutos, também houve redução, mas sem significância estatística (p = 0,139). Conclusão: sessão única de 60 minutos de musicoterapia em grupo mostrou-se capaz de reduzir o estresse (níveis de cortisol salivar) de dependentes químicos.Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la musicoterapia sobre el estrés de dependientes químicos. Método: estudio cuasi-experimental realizado en institución filantrópica con 18 dependientes químicos en tratamiento. El cortisol salivar (hormona del estrés) fue recogido antes, 60 y 120 minutos después de una única intervención musicoterapéutica realizada en grupo. El análisis estadístico adoptó un nivel de significancia de p <0,05 mediante la aplicación de las pruebas no paramétricas de Wilcoxon y de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: después de 60 minutos de la intervención musicoterapéutica, hubo reducción estadísticamente significativa en las medias de los niveles de cortisol salivar (p <0,001). Después de 120 minutos, también hubo reducción, pero sin significancia estadística (p = 0,139). Conclusión: uma única sesión de 60 minutos de musicoterapia en grupo se mostró capaz de reducir el estrés (niveles de cortisol salivar) de dependientes químicos

A aceitação da terapia homeopática em hospitais da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Nos últimos dez anos, tem-se verificado o aumento do interesse pela terapia homeopática devido a sua inclusão no SUS, oficializada na "Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares” (PNPIC). A Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) possui dois hospitais universitários de grande importância no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS): o Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) e o Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira (IPPMG). O presente estudo avaliou, ao todo, a opinião de 142 médicos, sendo 110 do HUCFF e 32 do IPPMG, sobre a homeopatia, através de um questionário específico. Após coleta e tratamento estatístico dos dados, os resultados indicaram que apenas 14 médicos já tinham indicado e/ou utilizado a terapia homeopática anteriormente, apesar da inexistência de ambulatório de homeopatia em ambos os hospitais avaliados. A análise dos questionários evidenciou, também, que a maioria dos médicos entrevistados, além de desconhecerem a terapia homeopática, acham irrelevante que o serviço de homeopatia seja oferecido nesses hospitais. Dessa forma, verificamos a necessidade de inclusão da homeopatia na graduação de medicina da UFRJ com a ampliação do currículo dos médicos da UFRJ, como já é feito na UNIRIO e na UFF, e de mapear a percepção dos profissionais da saúde acerca da homeopatia, fornecendo dados que favoreceram a implantação da homeopatia na Atenção Básica à Saúde, como previsto na PNPIC

Effect of music therapy on stress in chemically dependent people: a quasi-experimental study

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effect of music therapy on the stress of chemically dependent people. Method: quasi-experimental study conducted at a philanthropic institution with 18 chemically dependent people undergoing treatment. Salivary cortisol (stress hormone) was collected in three moments: before, 60 minutes after, and 120 minutes after a music therapy group intervention. Statistical analysis adopted a significance level of p < 0.05 and used the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests. Results: after 60 minutes of intervention, there was a statistically significant reduction in mean salivary cortisol levels (p < 0.001). A reduction was also noted after 120 minutes, but without statistical significance (p = 0.139). Conclusion: a single session of 60 minutes of group music therapy was able to reduce stress (salivary cortisol levels) of chemically dependent people

Phytochemical analysis and in vitro anti-proliferative activity of Viscum album ethanolic extracts

Background: Viscum album L. (Santalaceae), commonly known as mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic plant traditionally used in complementary cancer treatment. Its antitumor potential is mostly attributed to the presence of aqueous soluble metabolites; however, the use of ethanol as solvent also permits the extraction of pharmacological compounds with antitumor potential. The clinical efficacy of mistletoe therapy inspired the present work, which focuses on ethanolic extracts (V. album "mother tinctures", MT) prepared from different host trees. Methods: Samples from three European subspecies (album, austriacum, and abietis) were harvested, and five different V. album-MT strains were prepared. The following phytochemical analyses were performed: thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The proliferation assay was performed with WST-1 after incubation of tumor (Yoshida and Molt-4) and fibroblast cell lines (NIH/3 T3) with different MT concentrations (0.5 to 0.05% v/v). The cell death mechanism was investigated by flow cytometry (FACS) using Annexin V-7AAD. Results: Chemical analyses of MT showed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and lignans. The MT flavonoid and viscotoxin contents (mg/g fresh weight) were highest in Quercus robur (9.67 ± 0.85 mg/g) and Malus domestica (3.95 ± 0.58 mg/mg), respectively. The viscotoxin isoform proportions (% total) were also different among the VA subspecies with a higher content of A3 in V. album growing on Abies alba (60.57 ± 2.13). The phytochemical compounds as well as the viscotoxin contents are probably related to the antitumor effects of MT. The cell death mechanisms evaluated by colorimetric and FACS methodologies involved necrotic damage, which was host tree-, time- and dose- dependent, with different selectivity to tumor cells. Mother tincture from V. album ssp. abietis was the most effective at inducing in vitro cellular effects, even when incubated at the smallest concentration tested, probably because of the higher content of VT A3. Conclusion: Our results indicate the promising antitumor potential of Viscum album ethanolic extracts and the importance of botanical and phytochemical characterization for in vitro anti-proliferative effects

Phenolic compounds from Viscum album tinctures enhanced antitumor activity in melanoma murine cancer cells

Cancer is one of the biggest problems in public health worldwide. Plants have been shown important role in anticancer research. Viscum album L. (Santalaceae), commonly known as mistletoe, is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on different host trees. In complementary medicine, extracts from European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) have been used in the treatment of cancer. The study was conducted to identify chemical composition and antitumor potential of Viscum album tinctures. Chemical analysis performed by high resolution chromatography equipped with high resolution mass spectrometer identified caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, sakuranetin, isosakuranetin, syringenin 4-O-glucoside, syringenin 4-O-apiosyl-glucoside, alangilignoside C and ligalbumoside A compounds. Some of these compounds are probably responsible for the reduction of tumoral cellular growth in a dose-dependent manner. It was observed that melanoma murine cells (B16F10) were more sensitive to V. album tinctures than human leukaemic cells (K562), besides non-tumoral cells (MA-104) had a much lower cytotoxicity to them. Apoptotic-like cells were observed under light microscopy and were confirmed by a typical DNA fragmentation pattern. Additionally, flow cytometry results using Annexin-V/FITC permitted to quantify increased expression of early and late apoptotic markers on tumoral cells, confirming augmented Sub G0 population, which was probably associated with a consistent decrease in G1, and an increase in S or G2/M populations. Results indicate the chemical composition of V. album tinctures influences the mechanisms of in vitro tumoral cell death, suggesting a potential use in cancer pharmacotherapy research