Analysis of a context material moments from the Indigenous Spanish contact in the archaeological site La Hoyada (Cachi-Salta)

Se presentan el análisis de un entierro registrado en el sitio arqueológico de La Hoyada (SSalCac144), ubicado en la margen izquierda de Qda. Las Arcas en el Dpto. de Cachi. El mismo corresponde a un evento en el que se asocian objetos de manufactura local (vasijas, torteros, topus) con objetos de manufactura europea (cuentas vítreas), lo que supone un contexto propio de momentos del contacto Hispano Indígena. A fin de poder establecer comparaciones con otros hallazgos de las región es que se analizan parte del acompañamiento mortuorio. De esta manera es que se pretende generar un aporte hacia la comprensión de las ocupaciones humanas durante el período Hispano Indígena en el Valle Calchaquí Norte, reflexionando sobre la práctica social y su transformación durante los siglos XVI y XVII en vinculación al conjunto material analizado.This article presents the analysis of a funeral archaeological site in La Hoyada site (SSalCac144) located on the left bank of Las Arcas ravine in Cachi County. It applies to an event in which objects of local manufacture (vessels, spindle whorls, pectorals) are associated with objects of European manufacture (vitreous accounts), representing an occupancy in the Hispanic Indan contact moment. In order to make comparisons with other findings of the region part of the mortuary accompaniment is analyzed. Thus it is intended to generate a contribution to the understanding of human occupations during the Hispanic American Indian period in the North of Calchaquí Valley, reflecting on the social practice and its transformation during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries linking together the material analyzed.Fil: Cabral Ortiz, Jorge Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Yazlle, Luciana. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

The constitution of the landscape in Peñas Blancas and La Paya ravines since formative up to historical times

La investigación arqueológica en el valle Calchaquí resulta dispar respecto al conocimiento que se tiene de las sociedades que lo habitaron en el pasado. Mientras que en el sector de Cachi existe una larga trayectoria de investigaciones, en la localidad de La Poma fueron escasas las intervenciones arqueológicas. En este trabajo damos a conocer el relevamiento parcial de sitios localizados en las quebradas Peñas Blancas y La Paya, ubicadas en el segmento septentrional del valle Calchaquí en la provincia de Salta. Brindaremos una breve descripción, así como también un panorama general de las condiciones de conservación de los sitios relevados. Dado que el enfoque conceptual se sustenta en la arqueología del paisaje, nos interesa enfatizar los cambios a lo largo de intervalos temporales. Utilizamos el soporte QGIS con la finalidad de sistematizar la información y generar diferentes hipótesis que permitan dar cuenta de las modificaciones y configuraciones que tuvieron lugar.Archaeological research in the Calchaquí Valley is uneven with respect to the knowledge of the societies that inhabited it in the past. While in the Cachi sector there is a long history of research, in the locality of La Poma archaeological interventions have been scarce. In this paper we present the partial survey of sites located in Peñas Blancas and La Paya ravines, located in the northern segment of the Calchaquí valley in the province of Salta. We will provide a brief description, as well as an overview of the conservation conditions of the sites surveyed. Since the conceptual approach is based on landscape archaeology, we are interested in emphasizing changes over time intervals. We used QGIS software to systematize the information and generate different hypotheses that allow us to account for the modifications and configurations that took place.Sociedad Argentina de Antropologí

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Una casa del siglo XX y un fuerte del siglo XVI. Arqueología histórica en Cobos

En los últimos años la perspectiva de interrogar el pasado descubre múltiples pliegues y mediaciones. Y en ellos se reconocen procesos de re significaciones constantes en los que se articulan distintas formas conocimientos. En este sentido la propuesta que se presenta surge de la elección de estudiar un lugar histórico en clave arqueológica. Preguntándonos acerca las formas en las que se habitó ese espacio, los lugares que sus habitantes fueron transitando y construyendo lo que hoy conocemos como El monumento Nacional Fuerte de Cobos. Para su abordaje y comprensión se realizará un relevamiento historiográfico y arqueológico evaluando la documentación histórica en relación a las evidencias materiales surgidas de las excavaciones realizadas en el predio.In recent years the perspective of interrogating the past from the present discovers multiple folds and mediations. In them, constant resignifications processes are recognized, in which different forms of knowledge are articulated. In this sense, this proposal comes from the choice to study a place in archaeological key. Wondering about the ways in which the space was inhabited, the places that its inhabitants were transiting and building what today we know as the National Monument of Cobos Fort. For its approach and understanding, a historiographical and archaeological survey is carried out, evaluating the historical documentation in relation to the evidences arised in the excavations conducted on the property.Fil: Cabral Ortiz, Jorge Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Flores, Rosana Jimena. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades. Instituto de Estudios e Investigación Histórica; Argentina

Piedras que se mueven: estudio sobre grabados rupestres en asentamientos aldeanos de Cachi y La Poma (Salta, Argentina)

One of the characteristics of the rock representations in Northern Calchaquí Valley is their abundance in the archaeological record in addition to the diversity in their location that place them both in towns as in special concentrations called “petroglyph fields”. In Cachi and La Poma departments, were identified numerous sites with petroglyphs among which a relevant characteristic is the degree of portability they present, a condition that would allow them to integrate heterogeneous material contexts. The objective of this presentation is to provide an updated record of petroglyphs corresponding to Formative contexts in the mentioned localities, as well as to discuss two main aspects. First, we analyze the anthropomorphic representations particularly focused on the execution of face, in order to articulate this iconography with other manifestations in the region. Second, as part of specific theoretical guidelines, we will discuss the probabilities that these portable representations could be part of ritual practices carried out in different areas and scenarios of daily life.Las representaciones rupestres en el Valle Calchaquí Norte además de ser expresiones abundantes y características se destacan por estar localizadas al interior de poblados arqueológicos, así como también en concentraciones especiales denominadas “campos de petroglifos”. Tanto en el Departamento de Cachi como en el de La Poma se han identificado numerosos sitios con petroglifos entre los cuales una característica relevante es el grado de portabilidad que presentan sumado al hecho que fueron localizados en contextos arqueológicos heterogéneos. A partir de esta propuesta brindamos un registro actualizado de petroglifos correspondientes a contextos Formativos en las localidades citadas, así como también discutiremos dos aspectos principales. En primer lugar, las representaciones antropomorfas particularmente centradas en la ejecución del rostro, a fin de articular esta iconografía con otras manifestaciones en la región. En segundo lugar, como parte de lineamientos teóricos específicos, debatiremos acerca de las posibilidades de que estas representaciones portables pudieran formar parte de prácticas rituales llevadas a cabo en diferentes ámbitos y escenarios de la vida cotidiana

EL ESPACIO DOMÉSTICO EN LAS OCUPACIONES ALDEANAS DEL VALLE CALCHAQUÍ NORTE (SALTA, ARGENTINA) (Domestic Space in Village Occupations in the North of the Calchaqui Valley (Salta, Argentina))

El objetivo de la presente contribución es dar a conocer la problemática del sitio Salvatierra, localizado en Cachi, partiendo de las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el contexto doméstico. En referencia a este, se describen las condiciones de hallazgo, sumado a los elementos materiales recuperados y aproximaciones a las estructuras arquitectónicas presentes, considerando que se trata de una de las primeras evidencias a cielo abierto para el Formativo Temprano (3500-2400 AP). Finalmente, se brinda el detalle de los resultados radiocarbónicos obtenidos y se discute la correlación del sitio en el marco de la perspectiva regional. ENGLISH: The purpose of this work is to provide an understanding of the Salvatierra site, located in Cachi, Argentina, based on archaeological investigation of domestic contexts. Considering this research to provide some of the earliest evidence of open-air sites in the Early Formative Period (3500-2400 BP), we describe the process of discovery, as well as the recovered material elements and approaches to interpreting the architectural structures present at the site. Finally, we provide the results of radiocarbon analysis and discuss the correlation of the site to a broader regional perspective

Archaeological survey to Cerro Negro de Tejada, Salta province, Argentina

From our work as archaeologists we believe that one of the fundamental tasks is to link with the territory. This imply not only to do field work to record environmental and human aspects in the study area but, and maybe more important to approach to those who live daily the territory. Our work may contribute to articulate between Institutions such as Museumsor Universities and local communities. Scientific knowledge may contribute to community development programs revaluating local patrimony. This linkage and articulation tasks implies constant action and negotiation and therefore are long term processes.Within this frame we carried on an archaeological survey at Cerro Negro de Tejada(Salta province in Argentina), area that has few previous research. The tasks we performed were part of a long term process that we are carrying on with the Zerpa family group, whom are developing communitary tourism in the area. Our team collaborated in the diagram of tour circuits with archaeological nformation.Fil: Mercuri, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Cabral Ortiz, Jorge Esteban. Museo de Arqueología Pío Pablo Díaz; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mendoza, Federico G.. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentin

Multidimensional tropical forest recovery

International audienceTropical forests disappear rapidly because of deforestation, yet they have the potential to regrow naturally on abandoned lands. We analyze how 12 forest attributes recover during secondary succession and how their recovery is interrelated using 77 sites across the tropics. Tropical forests are highly resilient to low-intensity land use; after 20 years, forest attributes attain 78% (33 to 100%) of their old-growth values. Recovery to 90% of old-growth values is fastest for soil (12 decades). Network analysis shows three independent clusters of attribute recovery, related to structure, species diversity, and species composition. Secondary forests should be embraced as a low-cost, natural solution for ecosystem restoration, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation