Morpholigical study of honey bees on the Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma, Gomera)

A morphological study was made of worker bees from 49 hives located at four island from the Canary archipelago. The study analysed 18 morphological characters and we have found that the bees from Gran Canaria and Tenerife belong to the same groupe, the animals from Gomera constitute a group near the afore mentioned, and the bees from La Palma form an independent group. Also, we have compared the data with data to come from hives placed in the south of the Iberian peninsula and in the north of Africa. We have found that the bees from Africa form an independent group, and the bees from the Iberian peninsula are included in the La Palma group.Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio morfológico de las abejas obreras procedentes de 49 colmenas situadas en cuatro islas del Archipiélago Canario. Se han analizado 18 características morfológicas, encontrando que las abejas procedentes de Gran Canaria y Tenerife pertenecen al mismo grupo; los animales de Gomera constituyen un grupo cercano al anterior y las abejas de La Palma forman un grupo independiente. También hemos comparado los datos obtenidos, con los procedentes de colmenas situadas en el sur de la península Ibérica y en el norte de África. Encontramos que las abejas del norte de África constituyen un grupo independiente y que los animales del sur de la península se incluyen en el grupo de las abejas de La Palma

Thermal stability of copper nitride thin films: The role of nitrogen migration

The atomic composition, structural, morphological, and optical properties of N-rich copper nitride thin films have been investigated prior to and after annealing them in vacuum at temperatures up to 300 °C. Films were characterized by means of ion-beam analysis (IBMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry techniques (SE). The data reveal that even when the total (integrated over the whole thickness) atomic composition of the films remains constant, nitrogen starts to migrate from the bulk to the film surface, without out-diffusing, at temperatures as low as 100 °C. This migration leads to two chemical phases with different atomic concentration of nitrogen, lattice parameters, and crystallographic orientation but with the same crystal structure. XRD experimental and Rietveld refined data seem to confirm that nitrogen excess accommodates in interstitial locations within the anti-ReO3 crystal lattice forming a solid solution. The influence of nitrogen migration on the optical (electronic) properties of the films will be discusse

First Season QUIET Observations: Measurements of CMB Polarization Power Spectra at 43 GHz in the Multipole Range 25 <= ell <= 475

The Q/U Imaging ExperimenT (QUIET) employs coherent receivers at 43GHz and 95GHz, operating on the Chajnantor plateau in the Atacama Desert in Chile, to measure the anisotropy in the polarization of the CMB. QUIET primarily targets the B modes from primordial gravitational waves. The combination of these frequencies gives sensitivity to foreground contributions from diffuse Galactic synchrotron radiation. Between 2008 October and 2010 December, >10,000hours of data were collected, first with the 19-element 43GHz array (3458hours) and then with the 90-element 95GHz array. Each array observes the same four fields, selected for low foregrounds, together covering ~1000deg^2. This paper reports initial results from the 43GHz receiver which has an array sensitivity to CMB fluctuations of 69uK sqrt(s). The data were extensively studied with a large suite of null tests before the power spectra, determined with two independent pipelines, were examined. Analysis choices, including data selection, were modified until the null tests passed. Cross correlating maps with different telescope pointings is used to eliminate a bias. This paper reports the EE, BB and EB power spectra in the multipole range ell=25-475. With the exception of the lowest multipole bin for one of the fields, where a polarized foreground, consistent with Galactic synchrotron radiation, is detected with 3sigma significance, the E-mode spectrum is consistent with the LCDM model, confirming the only previous detection of the first acoustic peak. The B-mode spectrum is consistent with zero, leading to a measurement of the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r=0.35+1.06-0.87. The combination of a new time-stream double-demodulation technique, Mizuguchi-Dragone optics, natural sky rotation, and frequent boresight rotation leads to the lowest level of systematic contamination in the B-mode power so far reported, below the level of r=0.1Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, higher quality figures are available at http://quiet.uchicago.edu/results/index.html; Fixed a typo and corrected statistical error values used as a reference in Figure 14, showing our systematic uncertainties (unchanged) vs. multipole; Revision to ApJ accepted version, this paper should be cited as "QUIET Collaboration et al. (2011)

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in men are risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 vulnerability in the elderly

* SCOURGE Cohort Group Javier Abellan15,16; René Acosta-Isaac17; Jose María Aguado18,19,20,21; Carlos Aguilar22; Sergio Aguilera-Albesa23,24; Abdolah Ahmadi Sabbagh25; Jorge Alba26; Sergiu Albu27,28,29; Karla A.M. Alcalá-Gallardo30; Julia Alcoba-Florez31; Sergio Alcolea Batres32; Holmes Rafael AlgarinLara33,34; Virginia Almadana35; Kelliane A. Medeiros36,37; Julia Almeida38,39; Berta Almoguera40,3; María R. Alonso41; Nuria Alvarez41; Rodolfo Alvarez-Sala Walther32; Yady Álvarez-Benítez33,34; Felipe Álvarez-Navia42,43; Katiusse A. dos Santos44; Álvaro Andreu-Bernabeu45,20; Maria Rosa Antonijoan46; Eleno Martínez-Aquino47; Eunate Arana-Arri48,49; Carlos Aranda50,51; Celso Arango45,52,20; Carolina Araque53,54; Nathalia K. Araujo55; Ana C. Arcanjo56,57,58; Ana Arnaiz59,60; Francisco Arnalich Fernández61; María J. Arranz62; José Ramon Arribas Lopez61; Maria-Jesus Artiga63; Yubelly Avello-Malaver64; Carmen Ayuso40,3; Belén Ballina Martín25; Raúl C. BaptistaRosas65,66,67; Ana María Baldion64; Andrea Barranco-Díaz34; María Barreda- Sánchez68,69; Viviana Barrera-Penagos64; Moncef Belhassen-Garcia70,43; David Bernal-Bello71; Enrique Bernal68; Joao F. Bezerra72; Marcos A.C. Bezerra73; Natalia Blanca-López74; Rafael Blancas75; Lucía Boix-Palop76; Alberto Borobia77; Elsa Bravo78; María Brion79,80; Óscar Brochado-Kith81; Ramón Brugada82,83,80,84; Matilde Bustos85; Alfonso Cabello86; Alejandro Cáceres4,5; Juan J. Caceres-Agra87; Esther Calbo76; Enrique J. Calderón88,6,89; Shirley Camacho90; Francisco C. Ceballos81; Yolanda Cañadas51; Cristina Carbonell42,43; Servando Cardona-Huerta91; Maria Sanchez Carpintero50,51; Carlos Carpio Segura32; José Antonio Carrillo-Avila92; Marcela C. Campos56; Carlos Casasnovas93,94,3; Luis Castano48,95,3,96,97; Carlos F. Castaño50,51; Jose E. Castelao98; Aranzazu Castellano Candalija99; María A. Castillo90; Walter G. ChavesSantiago100,54; Sylena Chiquillo-Gómez33,34; Marco A. Cid-Lopez30; Oscar CienfuegosJimenez91; Rosa Conde-Vicente101; Gabriela C.R. Cunha102; M. Lourdes Cordero-Lorenzana103; Dolores Corella104,105; Almudena Corrales106,107; Jose L. Cortes-Sanchez91,108; Marta Corton40,3; Karla S.C. Souza109; Fabiola T.C. Silva56; Raquel Cruz8,3,9,10; Luisa Cuesta110; Nathali A.C. Tavares111; Maria C.C. Carvalho112; David Dalmau62,76; Raquel C.S. Dantas-Komatsu113; M. Teresa Darnaude114; Raimundo de Andrés115; Carmen de Juan116; Juan De la Cruz Troca117,118,6; Carmen de la Horra89; Ana B. de la Hoz48; Alba De Martino-Rodríguez119,120; Marina S. Cruz121; Julianna Lys de Sousa Alves Neri122; Victor del Campo-Pérez123; Juan Delgado-Cuesta124; Aranzazu Diaz de Bustamante114; Anderson Díaz-Pérez34; Beatriz Dietl76; Silvia Diz-de Almeida3,10; Manoella do Monte Alves125,126; Elena Domínguez-Garrido127; Lidia S. Rosa128; Andre D. Luchessi129; Jose Echave-Sustaeta130; Rocío Eiros131; César O. EncisoOlivera53,54; Gabriela Escudero132; Pedro Pablo España133; Gladys Mercedes Estigarribia Sanabria134; María Carmen Fariñas59,60,135; Ramón Fernández59,136; Lidia FernandezCaballero40,3; Ana Fernández-Cruz137; Silvia Fernández Ferrero25; Yolanda Fernández Martínez25; María J. Fernandez-Nestosa138; Uxía Fernández-Robelo139; Amanda FernándezRodríguez81; Marta Fernández-Sampedro59,135,60; Ruth Fernández40,3; Tania Fernández-Villa140; Carmen Fernéndez Capitán99; Antonio Augusto F. Carioca141; Patricia Flores-Pérez142; Lácides Fuenmayor-Hernández34; Marta Fuertes Núñez25; Victoria Fumadó143; Ignacio Gadea144; Lidia Gagliardi50,51; Manuela Gago-Domínguez13,9; Natalia Gallego11; Cristina Galoppo145; Ana García-Soidán146; Carlos Garcia Cerrada15,16; Aitor García-de-Vicuña48,95; Josefina GarciaGarcía68; Irene García-García77; Carmen García-Ibarbia59,135,60; Andrés C. García-Montero147; Leticia García50,51; Mercedes García50,51; María Carmen García Torrejón148,16; Inés García40,3; Elisa García-Vázquez68; Emiliano Garza-Frias91; Angela Gentile145; Belén Gil-Fournier149; Jéssica N.G. de Araújo150; Mario Gómez-Duque100,54; Javier Gómez-Arrue119,120; Luis Gómez Carrera32; María Gómez García151; Ángela Gómez Sacristán152; Juan R. González4,5,6,14; Anna González-Neira41; Beatriz González Álvarez119,120; Fernan Gonzalez Bernaldo de Quirós153; Rafaela González-Montelongo154; Javier González-Peñas45,20,52; Manuel Gonzalez-Sagrado101; Hugo Gonzalo Benito155; Oscar Gorgojo-Galindo156; Miguel Górgolas86; Florencia Guaragna145; Jessica G. Chaux54; Encarna Guillen-Navarro68,157,158,159; Beatriz Guillen-Guio106; Pablo Guisado-Vasco130; Luz D. Gutierrez-Castañeda160,54; Juan F. Gutiérrez-Bautista161; Sara HeiliFrades162; Rafael H. Jacomo163; Estefania Hernandez164; Cristina Hernández Moro25; Luis D. Hernandez-Ortega165,166; Guillermo Hernández-Pérez42; Rebeca Hernández-Vaquero167; Belen Herraez41; M. Teresa Herranz68; María Herrera50,51; María José Herrero168,169; Antonio HerreroGonzalez170; Juan P. Horcajada171,172,28,173; Natale Imaz-Ayo48; Maider IntxaustiUrrutibeaskoa174; Antonio Íñigo-Campos154; María Íñiguez175; Rubén Jara68; Ángel Jiménez50,51; Ignacio Jiménez-Alfaro176; Pilar Jiménez161; María A. Jimenez-Sousa81; Iolanda Jordan177,178,6; Rocío Laguna-Goya179,180; Daniel Laorden32; María Lasa-Lazaro179,180; María Claudia Lattig90,181; Ailen Lauriente145; Anabel Liger Borja182; Lucía Llanos183; Amparo López-Bernús42,43; Miguel It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.19.20071357; this version posted February 18, 2022. The copyright holder for this preprint López de Heredia3 ; Esther Lopez-Garcia117,118,6,184; Eduardo López Granados185,186,3; Rosario Lopez-Rodriguez40,3; Miguel A. López-Ruz187,188,189; Leonardo Lorente190; José M. LorenzoSalazar154; José E. Lozano191; María Lozano-Espinosa182; Ignacio Mahillo192,193,107; Esther Mancebo179,180; Carmen Mar133; Cristina Marcelo Calvo99; Alba Marcos-Delgado194; Miguel Marcos42,43; Alicia Marín Candon77; Pablo Mariscal Aguilar32; Laura Martin-Pedraza74; Marta Martin-Fernandez195; Caridad Martín-López182; José-Ángel Martín-Oterino42,43; María Dolores Martín196; Vicente Martín194,6; María M. Martín197; María Martín-Vicente81; Amalia Martinez198; Óscar Martínez-González75; Ricardo Martínez164; Pedro Martinez-Paz155; Covadonga M. DiazCaneja45,52,20; Oscar Martinez-Nieto64,181; Iciar Martinez-Lopez199,200; Michel F. MartinezResendez91; Silvia Martínez59,135; Juan José Martinez94,3; Angel Martinez-Perez201; Andrea Martínez-Ramas40,3; Violeta Martínez Robles25; Laura Marzal40,3; Juliana F. Mazzeu202,203,204; Francisco J. Medrano88,6,89; Xose M. Meijome205,206; Natalia Mejuto-Montero207; Ingrid Mendes3 ; Alice L. Duarte109; Ana Méndez-Echevarria208; Humberto Mendoza Charris78,34; Eleuterio Merayo Macías209; Fátima Mercadillo210; Arieh R. Mercado-Sesma165,166; Pablo Minguez40,3; Elena Molina-Roldán211; Antonio J J. Molina194; Juan José Montoya164; Susana M.T. Pinho36,212,213; Patricia Moreira-Escriche116; Xenia Morelos-Arnedo78,34; Rocío Moreno3 ; Victor Moreno Cuerda15,16; Antonio Moreno-Docón68; Junior Moreno-Escalante34; Alberto Moreno Fernández99; Patricia Muñoz García214,107,20; Pablo Neira145; Julian Nevado3,11,12; Israel NietoGañán146; Vivian N. Silbiger129; Rocio Nuñez- Torres41; Antònia Obrador-Hevia215,216; J. Gonzalo Ocejo-Vinyals59,135; Virginia Olivar145; Silviene F. Oliveira56,217,204,218; Lorena Ondo40,3; Alberto Orfao38,39; Eva Ortega-Paino63; Luis Ortega219; Rocio Ortiz-Lopez91; Fernando Ortiz-Flores59,135; José A. Oteo26,175; Manuel Pacheco164; Fredy Javier Pacheco-Miranda34; Irene Padilla Conejo25; Sonia Panadero-Fajardo92; Mara Parellada45,52,20; Roberto Pariente-Rodríguez146; Vicente Friaza6,89; Estela Paz-Artal179,180,220; Germán Peces-Barba221,107; Miguel S. Pedromingo Kus222; Celia Perales144; Ney P.C. Santos223; Genilson P. Guegel224; Perez Maria Jazmin145; Alexandra Perez82,80; Patricia Pérez-Matute175; César Pérez225; Gustavo Perez-de-Nanclares48,95; Felipe Pérez-García226,227; Patricia Perez228; Luis A. Pérez-Jurado1,2,3; M. Elena Pérez-Tomás68; Teresa Perucho229; Lisbeth A. Pichardo25; Adriana P. Ribeiro36,37,213; Mel·lina Pinsach-Abuin82,80; Luz Adriana Pinzón100,54; Jeane F.P. Medeiros230; Guillermo Pita41; Francesc Pla-Junca231,3; Laura Planas-Serra94,3; Ericka N. Pompa-Mera232; Gloria L. Porras-Hurtado164; Aurora Pujol94,3,233; María Eugenia Quevedo Chávez33,34; Maria Angeles Quijada46,234; Inés Quintela8 ; Soraya Ramiro León149; Pedro Rascado Sedes235; Joana F.R. Nunes56; Delia Recalde119,120; Emma Recio-Fernández175; Salvador Resino81; Renata R. Sousa213,236; Carlos S. RivadeneiraChamorro54; Diana Roa-Agudelo64; Montserrat Robelo Pardo235; Marianne R. Fernandes223,237; María A. Rodriguez-Hernandez85; Agustí Rodriguez-Palmero238,94; Emilio Rodríguez-Ruiz235,9; Marilyn Johanna Rodriguez54; Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo117,118,6,184; Marena RodríguezFerrer34; Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego239,240; José A. Rodriguez-Garcia25; Belén Rodríguez Maya15; Antonio Rodriguez-Nicolas161; German Ezequiel Rodriguez Novoa145; Paula A. RodriguezUrrego64; Federico Rojo241,242; Andrea Romero-Coronado34; Rubén Morilla89,243; Filomeno Rondón García25; Antonio Rosales-Castillo244; Cladelis Rubio245; María Rubio Olivera50,51; Francisco Ruiz-Cabello161,188,246; Eva Ruiz-Casares229; Juan J. Ruiz-Cubillan59,135; Javier RuizHornillos247,51,248; Montserrat Ruiz94,3; Pablo Ryan249,250,251; Hector D. Salamanca53,54; Lorena Salazar-García90; Giorgina Gabriela Salgueiro Origlia 99; Anna Sangil76; Olga SánchezPernaute252; Pedro-Luis Sánchez131,43; Antonio J. Sánchez López253; Clara Sánchez-Pablo131; María Concepción Sánchez Prados32; Javier Sánchez Real25; Jorge Sánchez Redondo15,254; Cristina Sancho- Sainz174; Esther Sande255; Arnoldo Santos225; Agatha Schlüter94,3; Sonia Segovia231,256,257; Alex Serra-Llovich62; Fernando Sevil Puras22; Marta Sevilla Porras3,11; Miguel A. Sicolo258,259; Cristina Silván Fuentes3 ; Vitor M.S. Moraes260; Vanessa S. Souza102; Jordi SoléViolán261,107; José Manuel Soria201; Jose V. Sorlí104,105; Nayara S. Silva262; Juan Carlos Souto17; John J. Sprockel100,54; José Javier Suárez-Rama8 ; David A. Suarez-Zamora64; Xiana TaboadaFraga207; Eduardo Tamayo263,156; Alvaro Tamayo-Velasco264; Juan Carlos TaracidoFernandez170; Romero H.T. Vasconcelos111; Carlos Tellería119,120; Thássia M.T. Carratto260; Jair Antonio Tenorio Castaño3,11,12; Alejandro Teper145; Izabel M.T. Araujo109; Juan Torres-Macho265; Lilian Torres-Tobar266; Ronald P. Torres Gutiérrez222; Jesús Troya249; Miguel Urioste210; Juan Valencia-Ramos267; Agustín Valido35,268; Juan Pablo Vargas Gallo269,270; Belén Varón271; Tomas Vega272; Santiago Velasco-Quirce273; Valentina Vélez-Santamaría93,94; Virginia Víctor50,51; Julia Vidán Estévez25; Gabriela V. Silva109; Miriam Vieitez-Santiago59,135; Carlos Vilches274; Lavinia Villalobos25; Felipe Villar221; Judit Villar-Garcia275,276,277; Cristina Villaverde3,40; Pablo VillosladaBlanco175; Ana Virseda-Berdices81; Tatiana X. Costa278; Zuleima Yáñez34; Antonio Zapatero Gaviria279; Ruth Zarate280; Sandra Zazo241; Carlos Flores106,107,154; José A. Riancho59,60,135; Augusto Rojas-Martinez281; Pablo Lapunzina3,11,12; Ángel Carracedo3,8,9,10,13The ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) has an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome events (CME) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (CME and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, CME and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people.The authors acknowledge support from the Catalan Department of Economy and Knowledge (SGR2017/1974, SGR2017/801) and the Spanish Ministry of Science “Programa de Excelencia María de Maeztu” (MDM-2014-0370) and “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa” (CEX2018-000806-S), the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, UE (RTI2018-100789-B-I00) and the Estonian Research Council (PUT1660). Authors also receive support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program.N

Quantification of CH4 emissions from waste disposal sites near the city of Madrid using ground- and space-based observations of COCCON, TROPOMI and IASI

We use different methane ground- and space-based remote sensing data sets for investigating the emission strength of three waste disposal sites close to Madrid. We present a method that uses wind-assigned anomalies for deriving emission strengths from satellite data and estimating their uncertainty to 9–14 %. The emission strengths estimated from the remote sensing data sets are significantly larger than the values published in the official register.ESA support through the COCCON-PROCEEDS and COCCON-PROCEEDS II projects. In addition, this research was funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain through the INMENSE project (CGL2016-80688-P). This research has largely benefit from funds of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (provided for the two projects MOTIV and TEDDY with IDs/290612604 and 416767181, respectively)

University quality measurement model based on balanced scorecard

A Higher Education Institution (HEI) has the responsibility to track the processes through indicators that guarantee the measurement of the results in almost real time. This article presents the design of a management and quality model of the processes in a university, through the integration of a Balance Scorecard (BSC) and the implementation of an information system. For which it was required: a review of existing tracing and monitoring systems in the academic sector, definition of the requirements of the proposed technological, a diagnosis of the current measurement system of the HEI analyzed, identify measurement indicators and develop a technological tool. The designed model presents a precise and clear methodological guide that can be replicated in any HEI to monitor its processes

Izaña Atmospheric Research Center. Activity Report 2015-2016

This report is a summary of the many activities at the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center to the broader community. The combination of operational activities, research and development in state-of-the-art measurement techniques, calibration and validation and international cooperation encompass the vision of WMO to provide world leadership in expertise and international cooperation in weather, climate, hydrology and related environmental issues

Sexual Relationships in Hispanic Countries: a Literature Review

This is a pre-print of an article published in Current Sexual Health Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00272-6Purpose of Review: Sexuality is a complex dimension for which culture seems to play an important role, particularly in countries that are more traditional. This review summarizes the knowledge about sexual relationships in Hispanic countries, considering sexual debut, attitudes, behaviors, and satisfaction. Recent Findings: In line with the literature reviewed, the sexual double standard seems to be continuing to influence sexual relationships. Some countries show more open expressions of sexuality based on the level of gender inequality or sexualized context, and within countries, variables such as religious commitment, family characteristics, and access to resources may play important roles in sexuality. Summary: Future research, policies, and interventions should consider these specific characteristics, including these forms of expression of sexuality, in the adjustment of cross-cultural and cross-national strategies

Monitoring of the Greenhouse Gases Concentrations in Madrid (MEGEI-MAD)

Ponencia presentada en: XVIII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Teledetección celebrado en Valladolid del 24 al 27 septiembre 2019.[ES]Las áreas urbanas concentran actualmente el 50% de las emisiones globales de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEIs). Este porcentaje está aumentando, ya que la población mundial cada vez más se concentra en las áreas urbanas, y se estima que pase del 50% hoy en día al 70% en 2050. Consecuentemente, las medidas de las emisiones urbanas de GEIs, a escalas temporales y espaciales pequeñas, son cruciales para diseñar políticas efectivas de control y mitigación de los GEIs. En este contexto, este trabajo presenta el proyecto MEGEI-MAD (Medida de las Concentraciones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero en Madrid), que es la primera iniciativa española para la monitorización de las emisiones de GEIs en ambientes urbanos. En particular, MEGEI-MAD tiene como objetivo la caracterización completa de las emisiones urbanas de dióxido de carbono (CO2) y metano (CH4), en Madrid, la ciudad más densamente poblada de España. Este objetivo central fue abordado con una campaña de medidas llevada a cabo entre el 16 de Septiembre y el 9 de Octubre de 2018 en la zona metropolitana de Madrid, donde las observaciones de CO2 y CH4 en la columna total atmosférica fueron medidas simultáneamente con observaciones in situ a nivel de superficie.[EN]Urban areas currently contribute over 50% of the global emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). This percentage is growing since worldwide population is increasingly concentrating in the urban areas, going from over 50% nowadays to 70% by 2050. Consequently, monitoring urban GHGs emissions at small temporal and spatial scales is crucial to design effective GHGs control and mitigation policies. In this context, this work gives an overview of the Project MEGEI-MAD (Monitoring of the Greenhouse Gases Concentrations in Madrid), which is the first Spanish initiative to monitor GHGs emissions in urban environments. Particularly, MEGEI-MAD aims to comprehensively characterize the urban emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) of Madrid, the highest population density city in Spain. This core objective was reached by a field campaign carried out between 16th September-9th October 2018 in the Madrid Metropolitan area, where CO2 and CH4 total column amounts observations have been measured simultaneously with ground-level records