Diseño y evaluación de una actividad de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en el contexto de la Higiene analítica

[ES] Las titulaciones de posgrado demandan uno o varios proyectos en equipo que logren trabajar, además de la adquisición de competencias específicas, algunas competencias generales (actualmente dimensiones competenciales). En este trabajo, se ha evaluado la adquisición de algunas competencias descritas en la titulación. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se ha diseñado y evaluado una actividad de trabajo en equipo, soportada en PoliformaT, aplicada a la asignatura de Higiene Analítica del máster de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales. La plataforma permite seguir la ejecución, en tiempo y forma, de las distintas etapas de la actividad a nivel individual y de grupo con el fin de evaluarla posteriormente. El trabajo ha permitido a la mayoría de los alumnos adquirir las dimensiones competenciales trabajadas, sobre todo ¿trabajo en equipo y liderazgo¿ y ¿pensamiento crítico¿ así como las competencias específicas propias de la asignatura. La rúbrica diseñada permite evaluar mejor las nuevas dimensiones competenciales y, en general, se puede concluir que un 90% de alumnos perciben la Plataforma como ¿muy adecuada¿ o ¿bastante adecuada¿ para realizar la actividad, valorando que fomenta el trabajo autónomo, ayuda a aprender y es interactiva[Otros] Posgraduate studies require one or more team projects that achieve, in addition to the acquisition of specific skills that some general skills (currently skill dimensions). In this work, we evaluated the acquisition of certain skills described in the qualification. To achieve this goal, we have designed and evaluated a teamwork activity, supported in PoliformaT, applied to the subject of Analytical Hygiene of Master's Degree in Occupational Risk Prevention. The platform allows to follow up the different stages of activity at individual and group levels in order to evaluate later. Teamwork has enabled most students the acquisition of the skill dimensions worked, especially teamwork and leadership and critical thinking and specific competencies of the subject. A rubric allows a better evaluating of new dimensions of competence and, it can be concluded that 90% of students perceive it,as very suitable platform for assessing the activity, and they also promote autonomous work, aid learning and it is also interactive.Aragón Revuelta, P. (2014). Diseño y evaluación de una actividad de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en el contexto de la Higiene analítica. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 771-785. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/167123S77178

Modulating receptor-ligand binding in biorecognition by setting surface wettability

[EN] Modulation of support wettability used for microarray format biosensing has led to an improvement of results. Hydrophobicity of glass chips was set by derivatizing with single vinyl organosilanes of different chain length and silane mixtures. Thiol-ene photochemical linking has been used as effective chemistry for covalent anchoring of thiolated probes. Lowest unspecific binding and highest signal intensity and SNR were obtained with large hydrocarbon chain (C-22) silanes or a shorter one (C-10) containing fluorine atoms. SNR resulting values are improved, reaching levels higher than 1500 in some cases, when using vinyl silanes modified with 1% C-10 alkyl fluorinated one, because mild hydrophobicity was achieved (water contact angle ca. 110 degrees) for all silanes, including the short C-2 and C-3, thus giving rise to smaller and better defined array spots. In addition, unspecific binding of reagents and targets was totally withdrawn. Hence, good-performing surfaces for biosensing applications can be built using appropriate organosilane reagent selection, including fluorinated ones.We thank Patricia Concepcion and Dolores Soriano (Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas) for helping with XPS analysis. Financial support from the Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-PROMETEO/2014/040), FEDER, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTQ2013-45875-R and CTQ2016-75749-R) is acknowledged.Aragón Revuelta, P.; Noguera Murray, PS.; Bañuls Polo, M.; Puchades, R.; Maquieira Catala, A.; González Martínez, MÁ. (2018). Modulating receptor-ligand binding in biorecognition by setting surface wettability. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 410(23):5723-5730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1247-8S5723573041023González-Martínez MA, Puchades R, Maquieira A. Optical immunosensors for environmental monitoring: how far have we come? Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007;387:205–18.Kontogeorgis GM, Kiil S. Intermolecular and interparticle forces. In: Kontogeorgis GM, Kiil S, editors. Introduction to applied colloid and surface chemistry. Chichester: Wiley; 2016. p. 11–33.Ronkainen NJ, Halsall HB, Heineman WR. Electrochemical immunoassays and immunosensors. In: van Emon JM, editor. Immunoassay and other bioanalytical methods. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. Chapter 16.González-Lucas D, Bañuls M-J, Puchades R, Maquieira A. Versatile and easy fabrication of advanced surfaces for high performance DNA microarrays. Adv Mater Interfaces. 2016:1500850.Yin L, Lu M, Wielunski L, Song W, Tan J, Lu Y, et al. Fabrication and characterization of compact silicon oxynitride waveguides on silicon chips. J Opt. 2012;14:085501.Zhang F, Sautter K, Larssen AM, Findley DA, Davis RC, Samha H, et al. Chemical vapor deposition of three aminosilanes on silicon dioxide: surface characterization, stability, effects of silane concentration, and cyanine dye adsorption. Langmuir. 2010;26:14648–54.Escorihuela J, Bañuls M-J, Puchades R, Maquieira A. DNA microarrays on silicon surfaces through thiol-ene chemistry. Chem Commun. 2012;48:2116–8.Kontogeorgis GM, Kiil S. Wetting and adhesion. In: Kontogeorgis GM, Kiil S, editors. Introduction to applied colloid and surface chemistry. Chichester: Wiley; 2016. p. 121–60.Weinrich D, Köhn M, Jonkheijm P, Westerlind U, Dehmelt L, Engelkamp H, et al. Preparation of biomolecule microstructures and microarrays by thiol-ene .photoimmobilization. ChemBioChem. 2010;11:235–47.Mira D, Llorente R, Morais S, Puchades R, Maquieira A, Marti J. High-throughput screening of surface-enhanced fluorescence on industrial standard digital recording media. In: Carrano JC, Zukauskas A, editors. Optically Based Biological and Chemical Sensing for Defence, Proceedings SPIE Vol. 5617. Bellingham: SPIE; 2004, 0277-786X/04/$15. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578301 .Wasserman SR, Tao YT, Whitesides GM. Structure and reactivity of alkylsiloxane monolayers formed by reaction of alkyltrichlorosilanes on silicon substrates. Langmuir. 1989;5:1074–87.Munsch J-N, Dentzer J, Claus W, Bassel H. Structural characterization of silanes modified silica by temperature programmed desorption coupled to mass-spectra (TPD-MS) technique. J Colloid Sci Biotech. 2014;3:30–7.Celia E, Darmanin T, de Givenchy ET, Amigoni S, Guittard F. Recent advances in designing superhydrophobic surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2013;402:1–18.Li L, Li J, Du X, Welle A, Grunze M, Trapp O, et al. Direct UV-induced functionalization of surface hydroxy groups by thiol-ol chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;53:3835–9.Marczak J, Kargol M, Psarski M, Celichowski G. Modification of epoxy resin, silicon and glass surfaces with alkyl- orfluoroalkylsilanes for hydrophobic properties. Appl Surf Sci. 2016;380:91–100

Prácticas de Química general

Este texto está orientado a estudiantes que cursan una asignatura de química en el primer curso de grados universitarios relacionados con el campo agronómico o forestal. Dado que la teoría se comprende mejor cuando sus conceptos se observan en el laboratorio, en este libro se plantea una serie de actividades basadas en los conceptos descritos en las clases teóricas. Por ello, en este texto, se combinan prácticas de laboratorio clásicas con las nuevas adaptaciones que los actuales alumnos de grado necesitan y que la sociedad demanda a los futuros titulados. Las practicas planteadas tratan los temas principales que se esperan de una formación química básica, con el rigor necesario para abordar cómodamente materias más específicas en cursos posteriores, además, todas las practicas incluidas en el texto, tienen como objetivo desarrollar y fortalecer capacidades del conocimiento de la química básica, pero también habilidades que el alumnado podrá emplear en su futuro profesional frente a las necesidades sociales. Algunos ejemplos ilustrativos son el desarrollo de destrezas en el conocimiento del material químico, así como la implementación de estrategias que minimicen los impactos negativos ambientales y los desafíos emergentes. En este sentido, estas actividades promueven la integración de la Agenda 2030 y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS) en los marcos de planificación de la educación universitaria, compartiendo lecciones aprendidas y buenas practicas a través de la experimentación. Además de considerar los aspectos teóricos de cada una de las prácticas, se trabajan algunas competencias asociadas a los laboratorios experimentales actuales, como el manejo de las normativas de seguridad o la gestión de residuos. En todas las practicas se indica el procedimiento experimental a seguir con gran detalle, los cálculos que deben efectuarse y se aportan tablas y graficas que sirven de guía para anotar y trabajar con los resultados obtenidos. En resumen, este libro de prácticas busca lograr la autonomía del alumnado en el laboratorio, de manera que el profesorado actué únicamente como guía, fomentando así el autoaprendizaje. Cada recomendación o advertencia recogida en este libro es fruto de la dilatada experiencia adquirida al enseñar a millares de estudiantes universitarios que no han estado en un laboratorio de química. Es nuestro deseo que este libro ayude al estudiante en el aprendizaje de la química y su puesta en práctica en su futuro profesionalNoguera Murray, PS.; Aragón Revuelta, P.; Esteve Ciudad, P.; Tortajada Genaro, LA.; Llorens Molina, JA.; Pastor Navarro, N.; Morais Ezquerro, SB.... (2022). Prácticas de Química general. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/18892

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

PROBLEMAS DE CONTAMINACIÓN ATMOSFÉRICA

'Esta coleccion de problemas sobre contaminacion atmosferica comprende aspectos desde la formacion, transporte, dispersion y reacciones quimicas de los contaminantes en el aire, hasta el estudio de los efectos sobre los receptores. Tambien aborda los procesos de depuracion de gases residuales para minimizar su emision, asi como tecnicas de muestreo y analisis habituales. Los destinatarios de este libro, pueden ser alumnos o graduados en Ciencias Ambientales, e incluso otros tecnicos relacionados con los contaminantes en el aire ya sea en un ambiente industrial o urbano, o en higiene industrial. Cada capitulo esta dividido en dos secciones. La primera, consta de problemas resueltos con el desarrollo paso a paso y, la segunda de problemas propuestos junto con su solucion. La obra se completa con tres apendices que resumen informacion necesaria para la resolucion de los problemas. 'Aragón Revuelta, P.; Catalá Icardo, M. (2013). PROBLEMAS DE CONTAMINACIÓN ATMOSFÉRICA. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/71989EDITORIA

Prácticas de fundamentos de química

Este texto está orientado a estudiantes que cursan una asignatura de química en el primer curso universitario de grados universitarios relacionados con la biotecnología o biología molecular. Dado que la teoría se comprende mejor cuando sus conceptos se observan en el laboratorio, en este libro se plantea una serie de prácticas en las que el objetivo principal es verificar que se cumplen algunos conceptos descritos en las clases teóricas de la asignatura. Los temas principales que se tratan son los que se esperan de una formación química básica, con el rigor necesario para abordar cómodamente materias más específicas en cursos posteriores. Además de considerar los aspectos teóricos de cada una de las prácticas, se trabajan algunas competencias asociadas a los laboratorios experimentales actuales, como el manejo de las normativas de seguridad o la gestión de residuos. En todas las prácticas se indica el procedimiento experimental a seguir con gran detalle, los cálculos que deben efectuarse y se aportan tablas y gráficas que sirven de guía para anotar y trabajar con los resultados obtenidos. En resumen, este libro de prácticas busca lograr la autonomía del alumno en el laboratorio, de manera que el profesorado actúe únicamente como guía, fomentando así el autoaprendizaje.Cada recomendación o advertencia recogida en este libro es fruto de la dilatada experiencia adquirida al enseñar a millares de estudiantes universitarios que no han estado en un laboratorio de química. Es nuestro deseo que este libro ayude al estudiante en el aprendizaje de la Química y su puesta en práctica en su futuro profesional.Noguera Murray, PS.; Aragón Revuelta, P.; Esteve Ciudad, P.; Morais Ezquerro, SB.; Pastor Navarro, N.; Tortajada Genaro, LA.; González Martínez, MÁ. (2021). Prácticas de fundamentos de química. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/175354EDITORIA

Endocrine disruption in thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) from the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (Bay of Biscay, Southwestern Europe)

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) interfere with the development and functioning of the endocrine system, causing reproductive disturbance in aquatic wildlife. The aim of the present work was to determine the presence of EDs in sediments and to investigate possible exposure and effects of EDs in the estuary of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (Gernika) in comparison with the Arriluze marina. For this, gonad histology, plasma vitellogenin (VTG) protein levels and mRNA levels of vitellogenin (vtg), cyp19 aromatases, estrogen receptor (er) and retinoid X receptor (rxr) were studied in Chelon labrosus. The presence of alkylphenols (APs) in fish bile was also assessed. In sediments, estrogenic hormones were below the detection limit and levels of bisphenol A were very low. In Gernika organotin compounds were low but in Arriluze levels of up to 12 μg/g were found. Moderate levels of APs and phthalate levels of up to 8 μg/g were found in sediments. In fish, a high prevalence up to 33% of intersex gonads was found in Gernika, whereas only one intersex was found in Arriluze. Accordingly, mullets from Gernika showed higher concentrations of APs in bile. VTG protein levels were detected not only in females but also in some undifferentiated, male and intersex fish. mRNA of vtg was detected in one male from Gernika. mRNA of er and rxr showed significant differences between seasons. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that C. labrosus from the Urdaibai estuary were exposed to EDs and showed clear signs of endocrine disruption.This work was supported by Catedra UNESCO of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) through the project DERBiUr (UNESCO06/19), by the University of the Basque Country through a grant to the Unit of Formation and Research (UFI 11/37), by the Basque Government through the project ETORTEK-IMPRES and a grant to consolidated research groups (GIC07/26-IT-393-07), and by MICINN through the projects CEMAGUA (CGL2007-64551/HID) and SCARCE (Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2009-00065). Denise Fernandes acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/34289/2006) from the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Portugal. The help of Drs. T. Serrano and M.C. Barbero with the examination of gonad preparations is greatly acknowledged.Puy-Azurmendi, E.; Ortiz-Zarragoitia, M.; Villagrasa, M.; Kuster, M.; Aragón Revuelta, P.; Atienza Boronat, MJ.; Puchades Pla, R.... (2013). Endocrine disruption in thicklip grey mullet (Chelon labrosus) from the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (Bay of Biscay, Southwestern Europe). Science of the Total Environment. 443:233-244. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.078S23324444

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols