34 research outputs found
STUDIES OF EFFECTS OF GSM-900 MICROWAVE EXPOSURE ON DNA âMICRONUCLEUSâ FORMATION IN MICE
Possible genotoxic effects of microwave exposure from GSM-900 mobile telephones have investigated with in vivo micronucleus assay of mouse erythrocytes from CBA mice and GFAP knockout mice. No significant change in the frequency of erythrocytes with micronuclei neither in the young (polychromatic PCE) or mature (normichromatic NCE) erythrocytes. There is, however, a tendency but not significant to increased MPCE in female mice after 35 days of exposure. There is a marked tendency to lower PCE-fraction in the exposed groups. When male and female is studied separately there is no significant difference. However, if the values are normalised to eliminate the sex-difference there is a significant lower fraction in the exposed mice. Another observation is lower weight of the exposed male. If normalised data for both sexes are pooled there is an almost significant difference (95% level) in weight. We found a less pronounced difference in the CBE mice than in the GFAP experiment. Thus genotype might play a role in microwave exposure. Differences in exposure time and number of controls in GFAP and CBA experiment might influence the results. We observe a moderate decrease of formation of new erythrocytes in the exposed animals. This might fit the tendency of lower weight in the exposed animals and might indicate a general decreased cell-proliferation in the exposed animals
Effect of Skin Wine Pomace and Sulfite on Protein Oxidation in Beef Patties During High Oxygen Atmosphere Storage
Meat storage in high oxygen atmosphere has been
reported to induce protein oxidation reactions decreasing meat
quality. The incorporation of antioxidants has been proposed
to reduce the extent of these reactions. In this study, the ability
of red and white skin wine pomaces as well as sulfites to
inhibit protein oxidation were tested in beef patties stored for
up to 15 days at 4 °C in a high oxygen atmosphere (70 % O2
and 30 % CO2). SO2 (300 ppm) effectively protected against
protein oxidation measured as radical formation by electron
spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, as thiol loss by the DTNB
assay and as myosin heavy chain (MHC) disulfide crosslinking
by SDS-PAGE. Pomace from red wine production
with a total phenol of 9.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g protected
against protein radical formation and against MHC crosslinking,
but not against thiol loss by addition of 2.0 % (w/w)
to the beef patties. Pomace from white wine production with a
total phenol of 4.0 mg gallic acid equivalent/g only protected
against MHC cross-linking. For both types of wine pomace,
protein modifications not seen for sulfite addition were observed
and were proposed to involve covalent phenol addition
to proteins. Red wine pomace may be an alternative to sulfite
as a meat additive for protection of beef patties against protein
oxidation.Autonomous
Government of Castilla y LeĂłn through the research projects
(BU268A11-2 and BU282U13) and the Danish Council for Independent
Research |Technology and Production within the Danish Agency for Science
Technology and Innovation for granting the project entitled:
BAntioxidant mechanisms of natural phenolic compounds against protein
cross-link formation in meat and meat systems^ (11-117033)
Influence of Ocean Acidification on a Natural Winter-to-Summer Plankton Succession : First Insights from a Long-Term Mesocosm Study Draw Attention to Periods of Low Nutrient Concentrations
Every year, the oceans absorb about 30% of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) leading to a re-equilibration of the marine carbonate system and decreasing seawater pH. Today, there is increasing awareness that these changes-summarized by the term ocean acidification (OA)-could differentially affect the competitive ability of marine organisms, thereby provoking a restructuring of marine ecosystems and biogeochemical element cycles. In winter 2013, we deployed ten pelagic mesocosms in the Gullmar Fjord at the Swedish west coast in order to study the effect of OA on plankton ecology and biogeochemistry under close to natural conditions. Five of the ten mesocosms were left unperturbed and served as controls (similar to 380 mu atm pCO(2)), whereas the others were enriched with CO2-saturated water to simulate realistic end-of-the-century carbonate chemistry conditions (mu 760 mu atm pCO(2)). We ran the experiment for 113 days which allowed us to study the influence of high CO2 on an entire winter-to-summer plankton succession and to investigate the potential of some plankton organisms for evolutionary adaptation to OA in their natural environment. This paper is the first in a PLOS collection and provides a detailed overview on the experimental design, important events, and the key complexities of such a "long-term mesocosm" approach. Furthermore, we analyzed whether simulated end-of-the-century carbonate chemistry conditions could lead to a significant restructuring of the plankton community in the course of the succession. At the level of detail analyzed in this overview paper we found that CO2-induced differences in plankton community composition were non-detectable during most of the succession except for a period where a phytoplankton bloom was fueled by remineralized nutrients. These results indicate: (1) Long-term studies with pelagic ecosystems are necessary to uncover OA-sensitive stages of succession. (2) Plankton communities fueled by regenerated nutrients may be more responsive to changing carbonate chemistry than those having access to high inorganic nutrient concentrations and may deserve particular attention in future studies.Peer reviewe
The evaluation of learning and competence development in the workplace
During the last decade validation of skills and competences has become a frequently used method within the Swedish public sector. The skills and competences which individuals learn and develop, often in a workplace context, can in this way become visualized, documented and valuated. The speeding up of the education process and meeting the demands of competence in job transition situations can be seen as the most important advantages of validation. Even if validation as a method in visualizing competence has not been commonly used in the private sector the need for development of learning and competence at the workplace has however been something that the sector has given high priority to, much due to the competition advantages a well developed strategy of supplying competence can give. In this study identification, visualisation, evaluation and management of competence within both public and private sector is looked at, mostly through interviews made with personal managers, team leaders and union representatives. The result shows that there are both important similarities and differences between the public and the private sector in visualizing, developing competence. This can mostly be explained by their different starting points as organisations and their individual objectives.GodkÀnd; 2009; Bibliografisk uppgift: Sider: 1-12; 20100823 (leiber
"Doh, vÀlkommen till verkligheten!" : Kristianstads ungdomars budskap till beslutsfattare
I "Doh, vÀlkommen till verkligheten" fÄr vi en glimt av hur unga mÀnniskors vardarg ser ut i Kristianstad kommun. Rapporten bygger pÄ enkÀtsvaren frÄn cirka 1800 ungdomar frÄn Kristianstads Äk 8 skolor pÄ grundskolan samt gymnasieskolans Äk 2. EnkÀten stÀller frÄgor om hur deras villkor ser ut vad gÀller omrÄden som fritid, skola, inflytande, trygghet, hÀlsa och framtid. Rapporten fokuserar speciellt pÄ omrÄdena politik och inflytande, skola, fritid, trygghet och hÀlsa.LUPP-Lokal Uppföljning av Ungdomspolitike
Making sense of the challenge of smoking cessation during pregnancy : a phenomenographic approach.
In general, most women are familiar with the need to stop smoking when they are pregnant. In spite of this, many women find it difficult to stop. Using a phenomenographic approach, this study explored Swedish pregnant and post-pregnant women's ways of making sense of smoking during pregnancy. A total of 17 women who either smoked throughout pregnancy or stopped smoking during pregnancy were interviewed. Five different story types of how they are making sense of smoking during pregnancy were identified: smoking can be justified; will stop later; my smoking might hurt the baby; smoking is just given up; smoking must be taken charge of. Based on the study it is argued that the approach used in health education in relation to smoking cessation in antenatal care needs to move from information transfer and advice-giving to the creation of a dialogue. The starting point should be the woman's knowledge, concerns, rationalizations and prejudices. A model is suggested in which a woman may move in a space on three axes depending on life encounters, dialogue and reflections on meaning. The goal in health education would be to encourage movement along three axes: 'increase of self-efficacy towards control', 'increase awareness by reflection on meaning of the smoking issue' and 'avoidance of defense of the smoking behavior'