微尺度甲烷扩散火焰特性的数值解析

以均匀空气流中圆管形成的甲烷扩散火焰为对象，用数值解析的方法研究了微尺度扩散火焰的火焰结构和燃烧特性．燃烧反应采用甲烷／空气一步总括反应，喷管壁面绝热．在Re一定的情况下，改变喷口尺寸和喷口流速，考察了微扩散火焰的结构和火焰熄灭的尺度效应．计算结果表明，Re=12条件下，喷口直径为0．07mm时达到熄灭极限；稳定燃烧区的最小总放热率约为0．5W；微尺度条件下，Da对火焰结构和火焰熄灭有显著影响，熄火附近的Da的数量级在0．01

微尺度扩散火焰特性的数值解析

本文以均匀空气流中圆管形成的甲烷射流扩散火焰为对象，用数值解析的方法研究了微尺度扩散火焰的火焰结构和燃烧特性。燃烧反应采用甲烷／空气一步总包反应，喷管壁面采用绝热条件。在Re一定情况下，改变喷口尺寸和喷口流速考察了微扩散火焰的结构和火焰熄灭的尺度效应。数值结果表明，随着喷口直径的增大，微火焰的上方出现回流；Re=12条件下，在喷口直径=0.07mm时存在熄灭极限；稳定燃烧区的最小发热率约为0．5w；微尺度条件下，Da数对火焰结构和火焰的熄灭有一定的影响

微尺度预混合火焰结构和熄火特性研究

本文以空气中的无约束甲烷预混合火焰为对象,用实验和数值解析的方法研究了微尺度预混合火焰的火焰结构和熄火特性.实验测得不同尺寸下混合气当量比和喷出速度与熄火关系图,在不到理论当量比(φ＞1)时,火焰已经熄灭,管径越小,极限混合气当量比φu越大.数值解析研究了d=0.3 mm无约束甲烷预混合火焰,在混合气当量比大于1的富燃料燃烧条件下,空气中形成的预混合火焰结构是内层预混合火焰和外层扩散火焰,极限当量比约为1,解析结果再现了实验现象

Technology of Pretreating Fermentation Broth of Deacetylmycoepoxydiene

为了降低去乙酰真菌环氧乙酯发酵液粘度,改进过滤效果,考察了β-葡聚糖酶对去乙酰真菌环氧乙酯发酵液粘度的影响,并进一步研究了不同类型的絮凝剂对发酵液过滤速度、沉降率、有效过滤体积和去乙酰真菌环氧乙酯含量的影响.通过正交试验,确定了非离子型聚丙烯酰胺的最佳絮凝工艺条件,应用统计学手段获得了最佳酶促反应时间和酶用量.结果表明,β-葡聚糖酶和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺的联合使用,可使滤速提高80%,有效过滤体积增加50%,保证了去乙酰真菌环氧乙酯的发酵量.In order to lower the viscosity of deacetylmycoepoxydiene fermentation broth and improve the effect of filtering,the impact of β-glucanase on the viscosity of DAM fermentation broth was studied.The effects of different types of flocculants on filtration rate of fermentation-broth,sedimentation rate,the effective filter volume and concentration of DAM were further studied.Through orthogonal test,the optimal flocculation conditions of the non-ionic flocculants were obtained,and enzymatic reaction time and enzyme dosage of β-glucanase were determined by statistical methods.The results show that the filtration rate is increased by 80% and effective filter volume is increased by 50% through the joint use of the β-glucanase and non-ionic flocculants.It ensures the fermentation volume of DAM.国家海洋863项目(2007AA091503)资

一种含硼聚丙烯腈原丝及其碳纤维与石墨纤维的制备方法

本发明提供一种含硼聚丙烯腈原丝及其碳纤维与石墨纤维的制备方法，首先将纳米硼化物分散在溶剂中，然后加入丙烯腈、共聚单体和引发剂，采用原位溶液聚合工艺制得纳米硼化物-聚丙烯腈混合物溶液，然后采用湿法纺丝工艺将其制成连续长度的纳米硼化物-聚丙烯腈复合原丝，最后采用连续工艺依次进行预氧化、炭化和石墨化处理，制得均匀含硼的碳纤维与石墨纤维。该方法不但能够实现硼在碳纤维内部的均匀分布，充分发挥硼的催化石墨化作用，降低石墨化温度，提高石墨化度，而且还可以应用于连续式石墨化工艺，显著提高石墨纤维制备效率，并大幅降低石墨纤维制备成本

Analysis of mtDNA Polymorphysim among Three Mien Population in Guangxi

瑶族是苗瑶系统中的一个民族,拥有数量众多的支系,广泛分布于中国西南地区.对广西瑶族的三个支系(蓝靛瑶、平地瑶、盘瑶)共100个个体样本的mtDNA高变Ⅰ区序列以及13个RFLP位点进行了基因分型,并与全国各地其他少数民族、汉族群体的数据进行比较分析.得出结论:瑶族在线粒体遗传结构上属于南方聚类,并且接近地理位置邻近的周边民族群体.Ow ning a great number o f branches, Mien is an official natio nality of Hmong-Mien colony , which is abroadly distributed in Sounthw est China .With the method of HVS-1 sequencing and RFLP , 100 samples belonging to three branchs of Mien was geno ty ped and compared with several populations spreaded in North and South China , all those analyses are presented in this article .The conclusio n is that the m tDNA genetic structure of Mien, w hich resembles the o nes of its neighborhood such as Daic , makes it belong to South China cluster .国家自然科学基金九五重大项目(39993420

连云港淤泥质海床上波浪衰减研究——实验、观测及理论模型比较和评价

本文对连云港淤泥质海床波浪衰减问题通过室内实验、现场观测和理论模拟进行了综合研究;重点介绍了四种典型理论模型（粘性模型、粘弹性模型、宾汉模型及多孔介质模型）;并通过与实验和现场观测结果的全面综合比较;对这些理论模型用于研究连云港地区波浪衰减规律的适用性进行了分析讨论。本文最后指出;针对连云港实际情况今后需要着重研究和发展波浪与淤泥底相互作用的非线性理论模型

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials