Uticaj termičkog tretmana na higijenski kvalitet mleka

In the conducted study, the influence of the pasteurization and sterilization regime on the hygienic quality of raw and thermally treated milk was analyzed. Tests were conducted in the dairy "MEGGLE Srbija, doo" in Kragujevac. The following methods of thermal treatment were applied: short-term HTST pasteurization of raw milk at 75ºC, high HTST pasteurization of raw milk at 95ºC and flow-through UHT sterilization at 139ºC of previously pasteurized milk at 75ºC. The efficiency of thermal treatments on the hygienic quality of milk was determined by the following microbiological analyzes: by determining the total number of bacteria by the indirect method by Koch and by the internal analysis method applied in the dairy "MEGGLE Srbija, doo". Based on the tests carried out, a significant reduction in the number of bacteria after the pasteurization process of milk samples and their complete inhibition after the sterilization process was determined.U sprovedenom ispitivanju analiziran je uticaj režima pasterizacije i sterilizacije na higijenski kvalitetet sirovog i termički tretiranog mleka. Ispitivanja su obavljena u mlekari „MEGGLE Srbija, d.o.o.“ u Kragujevcu. Primenjene su sledeće metode termičke obrade: kratkotrajna HTST pasterizacija sirovog mleka na 75ºC, visoka HTST pasterizacija sirovog mleka na 95ºC i protočna UHT sterilizacija na 139ºC prethodno pasterizovanog mleka na 75ºC. Efikasnost termičkih tretmana na higijenski kvalitet mleka utvrđivana je sledećim mikrobiološkim analizama: određivanjem ukupnog broja bakterija indirektnom metodom po Koch-u i metodom interne analize koja se primenjuje u mlekari „MEGGLE Srbija, d.o.o.“. Na osnovu obavljenih ispitivanja ustanovljena je značajna redukcija broja bakterija nakon procesa pasterizacije uzoraka mleka i njihova potpuna inhibicija nakon procesa sterilizacije

The Assessment of Breeding Value of First Farrowed Sows by the Method of Selection Indices

The goal of this research paper was to assess the breeding value of first farrowed Swedish Landrace sows by the means of selection indices method. The traits on the basis of which the breeding value of animals was assessed are following: daily liveweight gain, average thickness of collected back fat measured at five sites and number of liveborn piglets in the first litter. The liveweight gain and carcass quality traits determined at the end of performance test were corrected for the body mass of 100kg by the method of basic indexes and following mean values were determined: for corrected daily liveweight gain (KZDP) 499.92g/day and for corrected average collected backfat thickness (KSL) 20.01mm. The first farrowed sows on average produced 8.09 liveborn piglets in the litter. Studying the effect of the gilts` birth year and season on KZDP and KSL it was determined that the gilts` birth year and season had no statistically significant influence (P>0.05) on KZDP variation but they had a statistically significant effect on KSL (P0.05) on BZPL, while the KZDP class and the age at first farrowing had a statistically significant effect on the variability of these trait (P<0.05; P<0.01). All studied traits varied statistically significantly (P<0.01) under the impact of the gilts` sire or dam. Heritability coefficients were: h2= 0.402 for KZDP, h2= 0.261 for KSL and h2= 0.177 for BZPL. The relation between KZDP and KSL was of a medium strength both at phenotype and genetic levels (rph=0.491; rg=0.411), while the relation of these traits with BZPL did not exist, except for the genetic relationship between KSL and KZDP which was of a medium strength (rg=0.252). Three equations for the selection indexes were constructed among which as the most optimal was chosen the one which includes all three traits (KZDP, KSL and BZPL) and whose correlation coefficent of selection index and aggregate genotype was rIAG = 0.5473

Influence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in management of anemia in patients on regular hemodialysis

© 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved. Background/Aim. Anemia is a common complication in hemodialysis patients. Treatment of anemia is affected by iron deficiency, insufficient dose of erythropoietin, microinflammation, vitamin D deficiency, increased intact parathyroid hormone concentration and inadequate hemodialysis. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its impact on hemoglobin con-centration, iron status, microinflammation, malnutrition, dialysis adequacy and erythropoietin dose in patients on regular hemodialysis. Methods. The study involved 120 patients divided into three groups: severely deficient of vitamin D: 25- hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] 20 ng/mL. For statistical analysis Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, the single-factor parametric analysis of variance - ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. Results. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients on regular hemodialysis was 75.83%, while the prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency was 24.7%. Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency had lower blood concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum concentration of total proteins and albumin, and dialysis indices were also lower compared to the other two groups of patients. The level of C-reactive protein was significantly higher in the group of patients with severe vitamin D deficiency than in the two rest groups. Conclusion. Hemodialysis patients with severe vitamin D deficiency have lower hemoglobin, lower dialysis adequacy, significant microinflammation, malnutrition, bone meta-bolism disorders and need higher dose of erythropoietin than patients whose vitamin D was higher than 10 ng/mL. Vitamin D is important risk factor for development of anemia in hemodialysis patients and important factor that can affect treatment of anemia in these patients

High frequency of the R75Q CFTR variation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AbstractWe performed the complete screening of the CFTR gene in a group of 31 patients with COPD in order to investigate the impact of mutations and polymorphisms in the CFTR gene. The cumulative frequency of CFTR mutations (17.74%) was significantly higher than in our general population (P<0.0001). The R75Q was significantly overrepresented in COPD patients (8.06%; P=0.002). In all patients carrying the R75Q chronic bronchitis was a dominant symptom of COPD, and all were homozygous for the V470 allele. These findings suggest that R75Q mutation could be characteristic CFTR variant for COPD patients

Hepatitis B Outbreak Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia

** From Crossref via Jisc Publications Router.The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported that there were 2896 acute hepatitis B cases in 24 EU/EEA countries in 2013.1 The incidence ranged from 0.1 cases per 100,000 in France and Portugal to 4.3 per 100,000 in Latvia, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.2:1 in EU/EEA countries, and transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) reported in 9.4% of all cases of acute hepatitis B.1 Some authors consider hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection to be endemic in the MSM population with the incidence 20 times higher in MSM than in the general population worldwide.2 However, data on HBV prevalence among MSM are available for only four EU/EEA countries.3 Six to ten percent of MSM infected with HBV worldwide are co-infected with HIV.4sch_iih5pub4999pub

Expanded hemodialysis: Basic principles and clinical significance

Expanded hemodialysis is a method of treatment to replace kidney function, which effectively removes uremic toxins of middle molecular weight from the blood of the patients with the end stage of chronic kidney disease. Two basic principles of removing uremic toxins during an expanded hemodialysis session are diffusion and convection. The basis of diffusion is the concentration gradient, and the basis of convection is internal filtration (covective transport). Increased MCO membrane sieving capacity and high internal filtration provide high clearance of middle molecular weight uremic toxins. Expanded hemodialysis prevents the development of microinflammation, malnutrition, resistance to the action of erythropoietin, amyloidosis, accelerated atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in the population of patients treated with regular dialysis. The task of the nephrologist is to evaluate different dialysis modalities that are available and to select the optimal dialysis modality for the treatment of each patient individually, i.e., the individualization of dialysis treatment.Publishe

Pharmacogenetics of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists in asthma:a systematic review

Background: Long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) are recommended in asthma therapy; however, not all asthma patients respond well to LABA. We performed a systematic review on genetic variants associated with LABA response in patients with asthma. Methods: Articles published until April 2017 were searched by two authors using PubMed and EMBASE. Pharmacogenetic studies in patients with asthma and LABA response as an outcome were included. Results: In total, 33 studies were included in this systematic review; eight focused on children (n = 6051). Nineteen studies were clinical trials, while 14 were observational studies. Studies used different outcomes to define LABA response, for example, lung function measurements (FEV1, PEF, MMEF, FVC), exacerbations, quality of life, and asthma symptoms. Most studies (n = 30) focused on the ADRB2 gene, encoding the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Thirty studies (n = 14 874) addressed ADRB2 rs1042713, 7 ADRB2 rs1042714 (n = 1629), and 3 ADRB2 rs1800888 (n = 1892). The association of ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1800888 with LABA response heterogeneity was successfully replicated. Other variants were only studied in three studies but not replicated. One study focused on the ADCY9 gene. Five studies and a meta-analysis found an increased risk of exacerbations in pediatrics using LABA carrying one or two A alleles (OR 1.52 [1.17; 1.99]). These results were not confirmed in adults. Conclusions: ADRB2 rs1042713 variant is most consistently associated with response to LABA in children but not adults. To assess the clinical value of ADRB2 rs1042713 in children with asthma using LABA, a randomized clinical trial with well-defined outcomes is needed

Narcissism and the strategic pursuit of short-term mating : universal links across 11 world regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2.

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating

Low VHL mRNA Expression is Associated with More Aggressive Tumor Features of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Alterations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene can cause different hereditary tumors associated with VHL syndrome, but the potential role of the VHL gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has not been characterized. This study set out to investigate the relationship of VHL expression level with clinicopathological features of PTC in an ethnically and geographically homogenous group of 264 patients from Serbia, for the first time. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a strong correlation between low level of VHL expression and advanced clinical stage (OR55.78, 95% CI 3.17-10.53, P<0.0001), classical papillary morphology of the tumor (OR52.92, 95% CI 1.33-6.44, P=50.008) and multifocality (OR51.96, 95% CI 1.06-3.62, P=50.031). In disease-free survival analysis, low VHL expression had marginal significance (P=50.0502 by the log-rank test) but did not appear to be an independent predictor of the risk for chance of faster recurrence in a proportion hazards model. No somatic mutations or evidence of VHL downregulation via promoter hypermethylation in PTC were found. The results indicate that the decrease of VHL expression associates with tumor progression but the mechanism of downregulation remains to be elucidated