Confidence assessment in the teaching of basic science

A scheme is described for including information about confidence in the computer‐based assessment of students. After each answer, students declare a confidence level of 1, 2, or 3. If the answer is correct, then this is the mark awarded. If not, marks of 0, ‐2, or ‐6 are awarded Students do well on this scheme if they can discriminate between when they are sure of correct answers and when they are partly guessing. In self‐assessment, students are trained to reflect on their reasoning, and to develop the skills of correct confidence judgement. The task of writing tests is simplified, since it becomes less important to ask complex questions. Simple direct questions discriminate better between students than they do with ordinary marking. Good students answer correctly with high confidence, while weak students moderate their confidence level if they know they are uncertain, or else lose heavily when they make mistakes. Preliminary data are presented from self‐assessment trials amongst medical students

Gambaran Profil Psikologis Psychopathy Symptoms pada Tahanan Wanita Kasus Korupsi di Lapas Wanita Kelas IIA Sukamiskin Bandung

There are many crimes that happened in this era, which one of them is corruption. Corruption has become a major phenomenon for each country in this world. Even more, it is not only male who doing the corruption, but female also. They were get some money to satisfy themselves although they have to break the law. This phenomenon has attracted researcher to study the female inmates who was doing corruption, and its relation to psychopathic symptom. Three female inmates in Sukamiskin Penitentiary Institute Class IIA – Bandung, who were convicted based on corruption cases, were chosen as subjects of this study. The result showed that all of three female inmates have a tendency to become a Psychopath, but in the low level to middle level tendencies. The three dominant Psychopathic Symptoms that found: pathological lying, lack of remorse or guilt, and short-term marital relationships. It can be summarized and recommended that among 3 subjects need to receive a counseling and/or psychoeducation so they will be more honest in their work setting, and to educate them that its important to have a good relationship to build a harmonious family

Localist representation can improve efficiency for detection and counting

Almost all representations have both distributed and localist aspects, depending upon what properties of the data are being considered. With noisy data, features represented in a localist way can be detected very efficiently, and in binary representations they can be counted more efficiently than those represented in a distributed way. Brains operate in noisy environments, so the localist representation of behaviourally important events is advantageous, and fits what has been found experimentally. Distributed representations require more neurons to perform as efficiently, but they do have greater versatility

Remote sensing of bubble clouds in seawater

We report on the influence of submerged bubble clouds on the remote sensing properties of water. We show that the optical effect of bubbles on radiative transfer and on the estimate of the ocean color is significant. We present a global map of the volume fraction of air in water derived from daily wind speed data. This map, together with the parameterization of the microphysical properties, shows the possible significance of bubble clouds on the albedo of incoming solar energyComment: 17 pages, 6 Postscript figures, see also http://atol.ucsd.edu/~pflatau publications for related papers. Q. J. Roy. Met. Soc. in press 200

ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK KAWASAN PERI URBAN DI KABUPATEN YALIMO PAPUA

The peri-urban area is a dynamic area and continues to develop in various aspects along with the development of the city and the surrounding area, so that it can shift its rural appearance towards urban areas. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the characteristics of the peri-urban area based on physical, social and economic aspects in Yalimo Regency and to analyze regional development efforts and strategies according to the potential of Yalimo Regency, Papua.The research method used is quantitative and qualitative research, based on existing secondary data, namely the number and distribution of the population, density level, physical data and community economic data in Yalimo Regency, so that the classification of peri-urban areas (WPU) can be determined. SWOT analysis is used to determine the potential and obstacles/constraints of regional development. The results obtained are in terms of a). the physical aspect of Elelim District is included in Secondary Peri-urban, Apalapsili District is included in Rural Peri-urban, and Abenaho District is included in Secondary Peri-urban, b) social aspects of Elelim District, Apalapsili District and Abenaho District are included in Peri-urban Rural, c ) the economic aspects of Elelim District, Apalapsili District, and Abenaho District are included in the Peri-urban Rural

The effectiveness of a multidisciplinary foot care program for children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an exploratory trial

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary foot-care, and to evaluate the methodological considerations of a trial of multidisciplinary care in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Design: Exploratory randomised controlled trial. Subjects/Patients: Children/adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and inflammatory joint disease affecting the foot/ankle. Methods: Standard medical care was compared with a 12 month program of multidisciplinary foot-care informed by musculoskeletal ultrasound. This program was centred on strict disease control through rigorous examination and interventions delivered by a team comprised of a paediatric rheumatologist, podiatrist, physiotherapist and musculoskeletal ultrasonographer. Patients were assessed on foot impairment and disability scores using the Juvenile Arthritis Foot Disability Index. Results: Forty-four participants, aged 3-17 years were randomly assigned to receive the experimental (n = 21) or usual care (n = 23) interventions. There was an overall improvement in levels of foot related impairments in both groups over 12 months. Between-group differences in change scores for the Juvenile Arthritis Foot Disability Index were not statistically significant at 6 or 12 month follow-ups. Conclusion: The integrated multidisciplinary foot care interventions described in this trial were safe, but did not improve foot impairment levels relative to usual care. This trial identified several methodological challenges including recruitment/retention, difficulties with outcome tools and potential confounders.</p

A Qualitative Analysis of Resources to Diminish Barriers to Physical Activity in Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes

Background: Exercise is an important glycemic control and weight management technique for those with type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet there are barriers such as fear of hypo- and hyperglycemia as well as the lack of structured guidelines for safe exercise that keep approximately 60% of these individuals from participating in regular physical activity (PA). The goal of this project is to understand what resources and kinds of support individuals with T1D are looking for to assist with their exercise routines and minimize the barriers they face while exercising. Methods: We recruited 29 adults aged 18-40 who had T1D for more than 1 year and were not pregnant to participate in virtual focus group (FG) discussions. These discussions were facilitated by a script that included questions about preconceived barriers to exercising with T1D and the effectiveness of four resources (mobile apps, exercise programs, health professionals, and support groups) to diminish these barriers. Results: For each topic prompted in the FG discussions, we found two main themes that included specific reasons for not regularly participating in exercise or reasons why specific resources would or would not be useful. Cross-cutting themes across all FG topics included personalization and accessibility of resources as well as fear of using resources due to previous negative experiences and demanding suggestions. Conclusions: The perspectives we collected suggest that barriers to exercising with T1D and the qualities of ideal resources to combat them are consistent with the existing literature, but more research needs to be conducted regarding the realistic potential and personalization of resources. Participants noted many barriers to using such resources that varied depending on their previous life experiences with T1D. This raises the need for user support regarding such resources at the time of diagnosis to limit preventable barriers that arise from navigating exercise on one’s own without the appropriate amount and specificity of support.Bachelor of Science in Public Healt