92 research outputs found

    La classe créative au secours des villes ?

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    ISSN : 2105-3030 Texte intĂ©gral Ă  l'adresse : http://www.laviedesidees.fr/La-classe-creative-au-secours-des.htmlLa notion de classe crĂ©ative a servi Ă  formuler des politiques publiques misant le dĂ©veloppement urbain sur les infrastructures susceptibles d'attirer les " concepteurs " de nos sociĂ©tĂ©s. Mais comme le montrent les rĂ©sultats d'une enquĂȘte europĂ©enne, l'hypothĂšse ne tient pas : dĂ©velopper l'Ă©ducation et les infrastructures susceptibles de servir l'ensemble de la population serait une politique bien plus fĂ©conde

    Les dynamiques spatiales métropolitaines franciliennes, atouts ou handicaps vis-à-vis du développement durable ? Une comparaison avec Berlin, Londres et Luxembourg-Ville.

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    83 pagesRapport scientifique rĂ©digĂ© dans le cadre d'un contrat post-doctoral (fĂ©vrier-juillet 2007) - Centre de recherches sur les RĂ©seaux, l'Industrie et l'AmĂ©nagement (CRIA) - UniversitĂ© Paris 1À Berlin, Londres, Luxembourg et Paris, les pouvoirs publics font face Ă  une contradiction profonde entre les objectifs actuels de dĂ©veloppement soutenable et les dynamiques spatiales qui caractĂ©risent ces mĂ©tropoles. L'Ă©talement urbain, l'exclusion sociale et la dĂ©pendance automobile vont en effet Ă  l'encontre des logiques de densification, d'intĂ©gration et d'Ă©conomies d'Ă©nergies que suppose une ville durable. En Île-de-France, le maintien d'une centralitĂ© parisienne trĂšs forte, le polycentrisme hĂ©ritĂ© de la crĂ©ation des cinq villes nouvelles et l'existence de disparitĂ©s renforcĂ©es entre l'est et l'ouest de l'agglomĂ©ration peuvent ĂȘtre vues comme des atouts, notamment pour limiter la dilatation spatiale et prĂ©server les paysages ruraux comme composante essentielle de l'identitĂ© rĂ©gionale. D'autres spĂ©cificitĂ©s historiques, comme le poids de l'État dans l'amĂ©nagement du territoire francilien, renvoient aux enjeux actuels de la gouvernance. Celle-ci est liĂ©e Ă  la capacitĂ© des Ă©lus de diffĂ©rents Ă©chelons Ă  clarifier le fonctionnement politique du systĂšme territorial vis-Ă -vis des citoyens et des multiples acteurs dĂ©sormais impliquĂ©s dans les dĂ©bats sur l'avenir de la rĂ©gion. À ce titre, l'Ă©change et la valorisation d'informations et de savoirs-faire s'avĂšrent indispensables pour renforcer la compĂ©titivitĂ© externe et amĂ©liorer la coopĂ©ration interne de la rĂ©gion

    Accommodating creative knowledge labour force in Toulouse : The views of high-skilled employees, managers and transnational migrants

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    ISBN : 978-94-90312-22-0 Texte intégral à l'adresse : http://acre.socsci.uva.nl/results/documents/wp8.11toulouse-FINAL.pdfThis report presents the synthesis of three empirical studies conducted in Toulouse between June 2007 and Febrary 2009 within the ACRE programme, This research aims at understanding the motivations of high-skilled employees in the creative and knowledge sectors (such as audiovisual, advertising, software, bank, consultancy, research and education) to move in this city and to settle inside. The authors try in particular to evaluate the weight of two types of location factors : the classical " hard factors " , such as business opportunities, accessibility, availability of dwellings, infrastructures and tax incentives, and several " soft factors ", related to more immaterial conditions such as atmosphere, tolerance of the population or cultural diversity of the region. This study is based on current theories on urban competitiveness, focusing on the importance of individual choices and the changing working conditions in a context of a global and increasingly dematerialised economy

    The Local Emergence and Global Diffusion of Research Technologies: An Exploration of Patterns of Network Formation

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    Grasping the fruits of "emerging technologies" is an objective of many government priority programs in a knowledge-based and globalizing economy. We use the publication records (in the Science Citation Index) of two emerging technologies to study the mechanisms of diffusion in the case of two innovation trajectories: small interference RNA (siRNA) and nano-crystalline solar cells (NCSC). Methods for analyzing and visualizing geographical and cognitive diffusion are specified as indicators of different dynamics. Geographical diffusion is illustrated with overlays to Google Maps; cognitive diffusion is mapped using an overlay to a map based on the ISI Subject Categories. The evolving geographical networks show both preferential attachment and small-world characteristics. The strength of preferential attachment decreases over time, while the network evolves into an oligopolistic control structure with small-world characteristics. The transition from disciplinary-oriented ("mode-1") to transfer-oriented ("mode-2") research is suggested as the crucial difference in explaining the different rates of diffusion between siRNA and NCSC

    Strategic economic policy : Milan, Dublin and Toulouse

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    This chapter compares three European cities with well-established and successful creative and/or knowledge based economies - Milan, Dublin and Toulouse. However, each economy has different sectoral strengths and has different associated historical development paths and economic trajectories developed over varying time periods.Not applicabl

    La télévisions locale comme outil au service du développement durable : l'expérience rhizome

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    International audienceThis article identifies the role of a local television regarding sustainable development. Limits are less due to technical barriers than to the capacity of local leaders to recognize the necessity of organising, sharing and diffusing useful information for territorial development.Cet article identifie le rÎle d'une télévision locale en matiÚre de développement durable. Les limites tiennent moins à des obstacles techniques qu'à la capacité des décideurs locaux à reconnaßtre la nécessité d'organiser, partager et diffuser des informations utiles à un projet de développement territorial

    TIC ET TERRITOIRES LOCAUX DANS UNE PERSPECTIVE DE DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE. L'EXPERIENCE RHIZOME – TV FIL 78 – SAINT-QUENTIN-EN-YVELINES

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    Through the ability of connecting places and people, ICTs constitute essential tools to implement territorial planning strategies.A technical and historical approach of telecommunications, broadcasting and computing enables firstly to enlight the digital convergence phenomenon, secondly to identify barriers to the spatial diffusion of ICTs. The appropriation of ICTs by individual or collective users becomes the main challenge of politics who aim at reducing the digital divide. Innovations in the fields of equipment and regulation contribute indeed to reduce the gap between connected territories and the others. As a major economical and technological pole in the western parisian area near Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines appears to be an interesting ground to analyze the relation between communication and territory. Built in 30 years, this new town is often considered as a laboratory of urbanism, architecture, intercommunality and citizens participation. The steps of the urban construction are being linked with the information and communication practices that have marked the geography of this heterogeneous territory, searching for cohesion and for a project.The aim of evolution towards the sustainable city, conciliating economical, ecological and social exigencies, requires a continuous effort to identify and to diffuse the informational patrimony produced by the local actors. This hypothesis is confirmed by the analysis of Rhizome, a TV broadcast on environment (2001-2004) produced and diffused by the local television TV FIL 78. The contribution of this channel to the construction of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines' territoriality implies the promotion of longlasting links between environment actors and the creation of synergies between physical and virtual spaces of communication.Par la capacitĂ© de mise en rĂ©seau des lieux et des hommes, les technologies d'information et de communication (TIC) constituent des outils indispensables aux stratĂ©gies de dĂ©veloppement territorial.Une approche technique et historique des tĂ©lĂ©communications, de l'audiovisuel et de l'informatique permet d'Ă©clairer le phĂ©nomĂšne de convergence numĂ©rique et d'identifier les obstacles Ă  la diffusion spatiale des TIC. L'appropriation des TIC par diffĂ©rents types d'usagers, individuels ou collectifs, devient l'enjeu principal des politiques visant Ă  rĂ©duire la fracture numĂ©rique. Les innovations matĂ©rielles et rĂ©glementaires contribuent en effet Ă  rĂ©duire l'Ă©cart entre les territoires connectĂ©s et les autres. PĂŽle Ă©conomique et technologique majeur de l'ouest parisien proche de Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines s'avĂšre un terrain privilĂ©giĂ© d'analyse de la relation territoire-communication. Construite en 30 ans dans le cadre d'une OpĂ©ration d'intĂ©rĂȘt national (1972-2002), la Ville Nouvelle s'apparente Ă  un laboratoire d'urbanisme, d'architecture, d'intercommunalitĂ© et de participation citoyenne. Les Ă©tapes de la construction urbaine sont mises en relation avec les pratiques d'information et de communication qui ont marquĂ© la gĂ©ographie de ce territoire hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšne, aujourd'hui en quĂȘte de cohĂ©sion et d'un projet participatif.L'objectif d'Ă©volution vers la ville durable, conciliant exigences Ă©cologiques, Ă©conomiques et sociales nĂ©cessite un travail continu d'identification et de diffusion du patrimoine informationnel produit par les acteurs locaux. Cette hypothĂšse est confirmĂ©e par l'analyse d'une sĂ©rie de magazines sur l'environnement (2001-2004), Rhizome, produite et diffusĂ©e par la tĂ©lĂ©vision locale TV FIL 78. La contribution de la chaĂźne Ă  la construction de la territorialitĂ© saint-quentinoise passe par la promotion de liens durables entre les acteurs de l'environnement et par des synergies entre espaces physiques et virtuels de communication

    The spatial orientations and the behaviours of managers in the audio-visual, web design and consultancy sectors in a knowledge intensive city: Toulouse

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    International audienceWhat are the conditions for the growth of creative industries in Toulouse? Semistructured interviews with twenty managers and seven experts in the audio-visual, web design and consultancy sectors aid understanding of the importance of different location factors. The personal trajectory effect is significant since three quarters of the managers were born or studied in the region. The second major reason explaining their presence in Toulouse relates to the size of the city, which provides business opportunities and a skilled labour force. More intangible aspects like the general urban atmosphere matter, however, are not overriding. Since the 1960s, Toulouse's development has led to a specialization, mainly in aeronautics, space and electronics, and although they have grown more recently, creative industries are far from being representative of the local economic fabric. A major criticism made by managers to local leaders refers to their scepticism towards emergent, small and flexible businesses related to arts and entertainment.Pourquoi les managers du secteur de la communication installent-ils leur entreprise Ă  Toulouse? Ces raisons tiennent principalement Ă  la trajectoire personnelle et Ă  des facteurs « hard » comme la qualitĂ© de la main-d'Ɠuvre et la taille de la ville qui favorise des opportunitĂ©s de conquĂ©rir de nouveaux marchĂ©s. Les raisons de type "soft" comme l'atmosphĂšre urbaine jouent de façon secondaire

    La tĂ©lĂ©vision locale comme outil au service du dĂ©veloppement durable: l’expĂ©rience Rhizome

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    This article identifies the role of a local television regarding sustainable development. Limits are less due to technical barriers than to the capacity of local leaders to recognize the necessity of organising, sharing and diffusing useful information for territorial development.Cet article identifie le rĂŽle d’une tĂ©lĂ©vision locale en matiĂšre de dĂ©veloppement durable. Les limites tiennent moins Ă  des obstacles techniques qu’à la capacitĂ© des dĂ©cideurs locaux Ă  reconnaĂźtre la nĂ©cessitĂ© d’organiser, partager et diffuser des informations utiles Ă  un projet de dĂ©veloppement territorial
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