La prévention des problèmes de comportement à l’adolescence : le Adolescent Transition Program

The Adolescent Transition Program (ATP) is a multi-component preventive intervention designed to reduce escalation in problem behaviors among high-risk young adolescents. A previous evaluation of this program showed that aggregating high-risk youths for intervention purposes led to an escalation in delinquency and smoking. The results of this study also suggested that an intervention targeting parenting practices was more beneficial. These findings led to the development of a new intervention program aimed at the modification of parenting practices. This school-based program proposes a multiple gating approach to parent intervention with each level of intervention building on the previous one to reduce the overall prevalence of risk. A pilot study designed to evaluate the implementation of this intervention program suggested that schools seem to be an appropriate setting for reaching parents of high-risk adolescents and delivering intervention services

Longitudinal Intergroup Contact Effects on Prejudice Using Self- and Observer-Reports

Longitudinal effects of intergroup contact on prejudice were investigated in a sample of 65 young adults (Sample 1) and a sample of their close friends (Sample 2, N = 172), adopting a full cross-lagged panel design. We first validated the self-report measure of intergroup contact from sample 1 with observer ratings from sample 2 by demonstrating that self-reports and observer ratings of contact were highly correlated. Moreover, we obtained significant cross-lagged effects of intergroup contact on prejudice with both contact measures, thereby providing a second validation for the use of self-reports of intergroup contact. Finally, by the use of latent change modeling we demonstrated that, although no overall significant change in contact and prejudice over time was found, there was meaningful variation in absolute change in the individual levels of intergroup contact and prejudice. In particular, some individuals showed increases while others showed decreases in contact or prejudice across time. Moreover, higher levels of intergroup contact at Time 1 were followed by larger subsequent decreases in prejudice between Time 1 and Time 2, and changes in contact were significantly and negatively related to changes in prejudice. Methodological implications of the findings are discussed

Empirische Untersuchung zum Gegenstand nach § 8 Absatz 2 und 3 Wohnungslosenberichterstattungsgesetz

Um in Ergänzung zu der Bundesstatistik untergebrachter wohnungsloser Personen erstmals belastbare Zahlen darüber zu erzielen wie viele Menschen in Deutschland ohne Unterkunft auf der Straße oder in behelfsmäßigen Provisorien übernachten oder in verdeckter Wohnungslosigkeit bei Bekannten oder Angehörigen unterkommen, haben die GISS und Kantar Public auf Grundlage eines dreistufigen Stichprobenverfahrens zwischen dem 1. und 7. Februar 2022 eine repräsentative Auswahl von Wohnungslosen in 151 deutschen Städten und Gemeinden befragt. Die Ergebnisse der Befragung wurden in einem mehrstufigen Verfahren gewichtet und auf das gesamte Bundesgebiet hochgerechnet. Die Studie liefert genauere Informationen zu Zusammensetzung und Soziodemografie der beiden Gruppen von Wohnungslosen und zu wichtigen Aspekten ihrer Lebenslage (Dauer der Wohnungslosigkeit, gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen und Gewalterfahrungen, Zugang zu Trinkwasser, Nutzung von Einrichtungen der Notunterbringung)

The mobilizing effect of right-wing ideological climates : cross-level interaction effects on different types of outgroup attitudes

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Variations in social contexts and their effect on adolescent inhalant use: a latent profile investigation.

The social contexts surrounding the use and abuse of inhalants are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to utilize latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify specific subgroups of adolescents based on social contextual effects surrounding inhalant use episodes in a sample of 279 adolescent inhalant users. Findings revealed that a three-class solution exhibited the best empirical and conceptual fit with the data. Identified classes represented a gradient of low, moderate, and high levels of contextual effects where approximately one third of adolescent inhalant users reported high levels of inhalant use in response to social contextual influences. Subsequent validation analysis showed that these gradient-based classes were directly correspondent with severity in measures of psychopathology, past drug use, variety of inhalants used, and measures of impulsivity and fearlessness. Results indicate heterogeneity in contextual effects on inhalant use and suggest that follow-up studies should examine the role that susceptibility and exposure to contextual effects has on inhalant use.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/61150/1/Context Variations.pd

"I am becoming more and more like my eldest brother!": the relationship between older siblings, adolescent gambling severity, and the attenuating role of parents in a large-scale nationally representative survey study

The present study examined the association between having older siblings who gamble and adolescent at-risk/problem gambling and how parents (i.e., parental knowledge of their whereabouts) and peers might moderate such effects. Data were drawn from the ESPAD®Italia2012 survey (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs) comprising a nationally representative Italian sample of adolescents. The analysis was carried out on a subsample of 10,063 Italian students aged 15–19 years (average age = 17.10; 55 % girls) who had at least one older sibling and who had gambled at some point in their lives. Respondents’ problem gambling severity, older gambler sibling, gambler peers, parental knowledge, and socio-demographic characteristics were individually assessed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses including two- and three-way interactions were conducted. The odds of being an at-risk/problem gambler were higher among high school students with older siblings that gambled and those with peers who gambled. Higher parental knowledge (of who the adolescent was with and where they were in their leisure time) was associated with lower rates of at-risk/problem gambling. There was also an interaction between gamblers with older siblings and parental knowledge. The combination of having siblings who gambled and a greater level of parental knowledge was associated with lower levels of problem gambling. The present study confirmed the occurrence of social risk processes (older siblings and peers who gambled) and demonstrated that gambling among older siblings and peers represents an important contextual factor for increased at-risk/problem gambling. However, parental knowledge appears to be sufficient to counterbalance the influence of older siblings

Co-rumination buffers the link between social anxiety and depressive symptoms in early adolescence

Objectives: We examined whether co-rumination with online friends buffered the link between social anxiety and depressive symptoms over time in a community sample. Methods: In a sample of 526 participants (358 girls; Mage = 14.05) followed at three time points, we conducted a latent cross-lagged model with social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and co-rumination, controlling for friendship stability and friendship quality, and adding a latent interaction between social anxiety and co-rumination predicting depressive symptoms. Results: Social anxiety predicted depressive symptoms, but no direct links between social anxiety and co-rumination emerged. Instead, co-rumination buffered the link between social anxiety and depressive symptoms for adolescents with higher but not lower levels of social anxiety. Conclusions: These findings indicate that co-rumination exerted a positive influence on interpersonal relationships by diminishing the influence from social anxiety on depressive symptoms over time