Asymptotische Aequivalenz fuer ein Modell unabhaengiger nicht identisch verteilter Daten

Die Dissertation ``Asymptotische \Äquivalenz f\ür ein Modell unabh\ängiger nicht identisch verteilter Daten'' besch\äftigt sich mit der Le Camschen Theorie der Experimente. Le Cam hat den sogenannten $\Delta$-Abstand zwischen statistischen Experimenten definiert; ist dieser Abstand f\ür zwei Modelle klein, so sind ihre statistischen Eigenschaften \ähnlich. Zwei Folgen von Experimenten nennt man asymptotisch \äquivalent, falls ihr $\Delta$-Abstand gegen Null konvergiert.\\ In dieser Arbeit beweisen wir asymptotische \Äquivalenz zwischen einem Modell mit unabh\ängigen, nicht identisch verteilten Beobachtungen und einem Gaußschen Shift-Modell. Die i-te Beobachtung des ersten Experimentes ist dabei gem\äß einer Dichte $h(i/n,.)$ verteilt, wobei die Funktion h eine Schar von Dichten bildet. Wir approximieren also ein kompliziertes statistisches Experiment durch ein einfacheres, n\äymlich ein Gaußsches Shift-Modell. Die Dichten h geh\ören einer Menge h\ölderstetiger Funktionen an, so daß wir es mit einem nichtparametrischen Problem zu tun haben. Das von uns bewiesene \Äquivalenzresultat kann auch als eine nichtparametrische Version der ebenfalls von Le Cam eingef\ührten LAN Bedingung aufgefaßt werden. Ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel zum Beweis des oben beschriebenen Resultats ist das sogenannte Coupling von stochastischen Prozessen, d.h. die Konstruktion solcher Prozesse auf einem gemeinsamen Wahrscheinlichkeitsraum, so daß die Prozesse nahe beieinander liegen. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit beweisen wir eine funktionale Version eines solchen Coupling Resultats f\ür den sequentiellen empirischen Prozeß und den Kiefer-M\üller Prozeß unter Verwendung der sogenannten Ungarischen Konstruktion.The thesis "Asymptotic Equivalence of Experiments for a Model with Independent and Nonidentically distributed Observations" deals with the theory of experiments that was developped by Le Cam. \\ Le Cam defined the so called $\Delta$-distance between experiments. If this distance is small for two given models it means that their statistical properties are similar. We call two sequences of experiments asymptotic equivalent if their $\Delta$-distance converges to zero.\\ In this thesis we prove asymptotic equivalence between a model with independent and nonidentically distributed observations and a Gaussian shift model. The i-th observation in the first model is distributed according to a density $h(i/n,.)$ where $h$ is a bunch of densities on the unit interval. This means that we approximate a complicated statistical experiment by a simpler one, namely a Gaussian shift model. The densites h belong to a H\"older ball such that we have a nonparametric problem. Our result can also be viewed as a nonparametric version of the LAN property which was also defined by Le Cam. An important tool for proving our result is the coupling of stochastic processes, i.e. the construction of processes on a common probability space such that they are close in a strong sense. In the second part of the thesis we prove a functional version of such a coupling result for the sequential empirical process and the Kiefer-M\"uller process by using the Hungarian construction

Is grape composition affected by current levels of UV-B radiation?

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Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which display an extraordinary capacity to induce, sustain, and regulate T-cell responses providing the opportunity of DC-based cancer vaccination strategies. Thus, clinical trials enrolling prostate cancer patients were conducted, which were based on the administration of DCs loaded with tumor-associated antigens. These clinical trials revealed that DC-based immunotherapeutic strategies represent safe and feasible concepts for the induction of immunological and clinical responses in prostate cancer patients. In this context, the administration of the vaccine sipuleucel-T consisting of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells including APCs, which were pre-exposed in vitro to the fusion protein PA2024, resulted in a prolonged overall survival among patients with metastatic castration-resistent prostate cancer. In April 2010, sipuleucel-T was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for prostate cancer therapy

Heat exchanger/reactors (HEX reactors): Concepts, technologies: State-of-the-art

Process intensification is a chemical engineering field which has truly emerged in the past few years and is currently rapidly growing. It consists in looking for safer operating conditions, lower waste in terms of costs and energy and higher productivity; and away to reach such objectives is to develop multifunctional devices such as heat exchanger/reactors for instance. This review is focused on the latter and makes a point on heat exchanger/reactors. After a brief presentation of requirements due to transposition from batch to continuous apparatuses, heat exchangers/reactors at industrial or pilot scales and their applications are described

Exploring multistep continuous-flow hydrosilylation reactions catalyzed by tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane

Exploring the combination of continuous‐flow processes with the boron Lewis acid catalyzed hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones has delivered a robust and generally applicable reaction protocol. Notably this approach permits ready access to high temperatures and pressures and thus allows improved reactivity of substrates that were previously recalcitrant under the traditional approach. Efforts to quench the output from the flow reactor with water showed surprising tolerance leading to the application of continuous‐flow systems in multistep imine formation/hydrosilylation processes to generate the corresponding secondary amines from their aldehyde and aniline precursors

A compact photomicroreactor design for kinetic studies of gas-liquid photocatalytic transformations

A compact photomicroreactor assembly consisting of a capillary microreactor and small-scale LEDs was developed for the study of reaction kinetics in the gas-liquid photocatalytic oxidation of thiophenol to phenyl disulfide within Taylor flow. The importance of photons was convincingly shown by a suction phenomenon due to the fast consumption of oxygen. Mass transfer limitations were evaluated and an operational zone without mass transfer effects was chosen to study reaction kinetics. Effects of photocatalyst loading and light sources on the reaction performance were investigated. Reaction kinetic analysis was performed to obtain reaction orders with respect to both thiophenol and oxygen based on heterogeneous and homogeneous experimental results, respectively. The Hatta number further indicated elimination of mass transfer limitations. Reaction rate constants at different photocatalyst loadings and different photon flux were calculated. Furthermore, the advantages of this photomicroreactor assembly for studying gas-liquid photocatalytic reaction kinetics were demonstrated as compared with batch reactors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

A laboratory-scale annular continuous flow reactor for UV photochemistry using excimer lamps for discrete wavelength excitation and its use in a wavelength study of a photodecarboxlyative cyclisation

This paper describes a new annular reactor for continuous UV photochemistry, which uses easily interchangeable excimer lamps of different wavelengths. The reactor has narrow clearance to form thin films of material for efficient irradiation of molecules. Its use is demonstrated by investigating the effect of discrete wavelength lamps (222, 282 and 308 nm) on the reaction of potassium N-phthalimidobutanoate 1. The ability of the reactor to be integrated into multistep processes is illustrated by combining it with an Amberlyst scavenger and a solid acid catalyst, NbOPO4, to access a second product 3 that is obtained in a single telescoped process. The tricyclic scaffold in 3 is a motif found in several biologically active compounds and has possibilities as a synthon for new pharmaceutical products