The Treatment of Geographical Dialect in Literary Translation from the Perspective of Relevance Theory

This paper discusses problems involved in the translation of literary works that apply linguistic varieties, especially geographical dialects. It surveys selected approaches to the functions of dialects in literature and to the strategies of dealing with linguistic variation in translation, arguing that the understanding of the issue may be deepened and systematized by applying notions drawn from relevance theory. The use of dialect in literary texts is interpreted as a communicative clue and the translators′ approach to its rendering is described with reference to the cognitive environment of the recipients and the balance of processing effort and communicative gain. Examples are drawn from the Polish translations of The Secret Garden by F.H. Burnett, the oldest coming from 1917 and the newest from 2012, which highlight the translators′ changing assumptions on the recipients′ cognitive environment reflected in the choice of the strategy of dialect rendition

Abrasion Resistance of S235, S355, C45, AISI 304 and Hardox 500 Steels with Usage of Garnet, Corundum and Carborundum Abrasives

В статті містяться результати випробувань основних типів сталей при терті по нежорстко закріплених частинках абразивуВ статье содержаться результаты испытаний основных типов сталей при трении о нежостко закрепленные абразивные частицыThe article contains the results of tests of the main types of steels by friction on non-rigidly fixed abrasive particles. The steel presents a wide field of application. The abrasive wear resistance of steel relies mainly on the microstructure, hardness as well as on the abrasive material properties. Moreover, the selection of a abrasion-resistant grade of steel still seems to be a crucial and unsolved problem, especially due to the fact that the actual operating conditions can be affected by the presence of different abrasive materials. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of different abrasive grit materials i.e. garnet, corundum and carborundum on the abrasive wear result of a commonly used in industry practice steels i.e. S235, S355, C45, AISI 304 and Hardox 500. The microstructure of the steel was investigated using light optical microscopy. Moreover, hardness was measured with Vickers hardness tester. Additionally, the size and morphology of the abrasive materials were characterized. The abrasion tests were conducted with the usage of T-07 tribotester (dry sand rubber wheel). The results demonstrate that the hardness and structure of steels and hardness of abrasive grids influenced the wear results. The abrasive wear behavior of steels was dominated by microscratching and microcutting wear mechanisms. The highest mass loss was obtained for garnet, corundum, and carborundum, respectively. The usage of various abrasives results in different abrasion resistance for each tested steel grade. The AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel presents an outstanding abrasive wear resistance while usage of corundum and Hardox 500 while using a garnet as abrasive material. The C45 carbon steel was less resistant than AISI 304 for all three examined abrasives. The lowest resistance to wear in garnet and carborundum was obtained for the S235JR and S355J2 ferritic-perlitic carbon steels and in corundum for Hardox 500 which has tempered martensitic structure

Translation and Cognition: Cases of Asymmetry. An Editorial

This editorial outlines the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the current special issue, signalling some of the practical implications of the problems investigated. As the title of the collection highlights the convergence of “translation” and “cognition”, emphasis is here first placed on what “cognitive” can be taken to stand for in translationcentred research. I then discuss the other identifying idea of the issue - that of asymmetry - i.e. the observation that conceptual-semantic content is variably partitioned as it gets coded in different languages. Special attention is paid to cross-linguistic conventionalisation misalignment which requires sensitisation to translation scenarios where the symmetry of the source and target structures is only illusory

Fast Neutron Detection with 6Li-loaded Liquid Scintillator

We report on the development of a fast neutron detector using a liquid scintillator doped with enriched Li-6. The lithium was introduced in the form of an aqueous LiCl micro-emulsion with a di-isopropylnaphthalene-based liquid scintillator. A Li-6 concentration of 0.15 % by weight was obtained. A 125 mL glass cell was filled with the scintillator and irradiated with fission-source neutrons. Fast neutrons may produce recoil protons in the scintillator, and those neutrons that thermalize within the detector volume can be captured on the Li-6. The energy of the neutron may be determined by the light output from recoiling protons, and the capture of the delayed thermal neutron reduces background events. In this paper, we discuss the development of this 6Li-loaded liquid scintillator, demonstrate the operation of it in a detector, and compare its efficiency and capture lifetime with Monte Carlo simulations. Data from a boron-loaded plastic scintillator were acquired for comparison. We also present a pulse-shape discrimination method for differentiating between electronic and nuclear recoil events based on the Matusita distance between a normalized observed waveform and nuclear and electronic recoil template waveforms. The details of the measurements are discussed along with specifics of the data analysis and its comparison with the Monte Carlo simulation

Geographic information system for mobile devices Design and implementation

Celem niniejszej pracy magisterskiej było zaprojektowanie mobilnego systemu informacji przestrzennej i przedstawienie jego przykładowej implementacji. Został stworzony projekt architektury oprogramowania oraz omówiono decyzje, które zostały podjęte w celu rozwiązania napotkanych problemów projektowych, a także wybrane technologie. Przedstawiony system składa się z dwóch modułów: aplikacji serwerowej oraz programu klienta, działającego na urządzeniu mobilnym – smartfonie.Dla aplikacji serwerowej została wybrana platforma Google App Engine. Jest to model chmury obliczeniowej Platforma jako Usługa, udostępniający programistom niezbędne narzędzia do tworzenia oprogramowania, hosting stron www, wirtualne środowisko uruchomieniowe oraz skalowalną, rozproszoną i nierelacyjną bazę danych. Część ta została stworzona w języku programowania Java.Przygotowano aplikację klienta dla telefonów komórkowych z zainstalowanym systemem operacyjnym Android. Jest to rozwiązanie wpierane przez firmę Google, które łatwo zintegrować z usługami Google App Engine. Udostępniony protokół GCM sprawił, że komunikacja serwera z tymi urządzeniami jest szybka, a dodatkowo bezpłatna. Oprogramowanie dla tej platformy zostało stworzone w języku programowania Java.Przedstawiony projekt może stanowić szkielet dla bardziej wyspecjalizowanych rozwiązań, a omówiona architektura pozwala na dodawanie nowych funkcjonalności.The purpose of present M. A. thesis was to design and implement geographic information system for mobile devices. It contains project of software architecture and discussion of decisions that have been made to solve problems during design. The dissertation presents technologies and explains the reasons for which they are used in the implementation. The present system contains of two modules: server-side application and client created for smart phones.Google App Engine is the platform selected for server-side application to be implemented. It is platform as a service cloud computing solution, that offers tools for developers, automatic scaling for applications, virtual runtime environment, web hosting and scalable, distributed, non relational database. This part was developed in the Java programming language. Client application was implemented for mobile phones running the Android operating system. It is solution fostered by Google company and can easily integrate with Google App Engine. Furthermore, published GCM protocol made the serve communication with these devices fast and free of charges. Software created for this platform was developed in the Java programming language.The proposed project can be used as a framework for more specialized solutions and architecture discussed in the paper allows to extend it with new functionality

Investigations into the degradation mechanism of thermal barrier applied in IC engine

In the present paper the results of investigations into the degradation mechanizm of thermal barrier coating (TBC) applied in spark ignited and naturally aspirated diesel engines are presented. The TBC comprised 0.09 mm thick NiCrAlY bond coat and 0.36 mm thick Al2O3-40%TiO2 top coat. The coating was atmospheric plasma sprayed on piston heads, inlet and outlet valves and engine head. Top coating was heavily damaged in thermal fatigue tests and in exploitation test on spark ignited engine. The mechanism of damage was spalling of the outermost layer of ceramics. Porosity of the ceramic coating increased significantly which made the coating permeable to the products of combustion and thus facilitated corrosion attack on bond layer. Spalling of coating did not increase wear of piston rings and sleeves. X-ray diffraction studies proved high phase stability ofAl2O3-40%TiO2 top coat. Al2Or40%TiO2 APS sprayed coating cannot be considered the alternative top coat to currently used ZrO2-8%Y2O3in engine applications. Thermal barrier coating based on Al2O3-40%TiO2 can not be used for adiabatization of diesel or spark ignited engines. Al2O3-40%TiO2 based TBC can be used in less demanding applications