Una narrativa arquitectónica para mentes en funcionamiento : desde un enfoque construccionista y social

Nuestro objetivo es construir un marco conceptual para la inteligencia artificial (IA) que dé prioridad a las relaciones sociales como componente clave de la conducta inteligente. Partimos de la premisa de Weizenbaum de que la inteligencia se manifiesta sólo en relación con los contextos culturales. Ello contrasta con el punto de vista predominante, que consi dera la inteligencia como una capacidad abstracta del individuo sobre la base de un mecanismo de pensamiento racional. El nuevo enfoque no se basa en la idea de que la mente racional es un procesador de información simbólica, ni requiere de la idea de que el pensamiento es una especie de resumen de la resolución de problemas con una semántica que se puede entender independientemente de su incorporación. En su lugar, se da prioridad a las respuestas afectivas y miméticas, que sirven para comprometer todo el organismo de la vida en las comunidades en que participa. La inteligencia no está considerada como el despliegue de capacidades para la resolución de problemas, sino como el compromiso continuo y siempre cambiante, y sin fin, con el medio ambiente, en términos narrativos. La construcción de la identidad de la persona inteligente implica la apropiación o la obtención de posiciones dentro de los relatos en que participa. Por tanto, el nuevo enfoque sostiene que la mente tiene una forma de funcionamiento según el significado que le atribuye la experiencia, conforme a su situación en la matriz social y a sus propias prácticas, de las que se alimenta. Modelos clásicos de IA orientados a resolver problemas pueden ser considerados casos especiales de las prácticas narrativas en un lugar o fundamentos ontológicos. Hay implicaciones en la representación y en la práctica de esta perspectiva que han hecho aumentar la confianza hacia una nueva forma, la de una IA “fuerte”.Peer Reviewe

Una narrativa arquitectónica para mentes en funcionamiento : desde un enfoque construccionista y social

Nuestro objetivo es construir un marco conceptual para la inteligencia artificial (IA) que dé prioridad a las relaciones sociales como componente clave de la conducta inteligente. Partimos de la premisa de Weizenbaum de que la inteligencia se manifiesta sólo en relación con los contextos culturales. Ello contrasta con el punto de vista predominante, que consi dera la inteligencia como una capacidad abstracta del individuo sobre la base de un mecanismo de pensamiento racional. El nuevo enfoque no se basa en la idea de que la mente racional es un procesador de información simbólica, ni requiere de la idea de que el pensamiento es una especie de resumen de la resolución de problemas con una semántica que se puede entender independientemente de su incorporación. En su lugar, se da prioridad a las respuestas afectivas y miméticas, que sirven para comprometer todo el organismo de la vida en las comunidades en que participa. La inteligencia no está considerada como el despliegue de capacidades para la resolución de problemas, sino como el compromiso continuo y siempre cambiante, y sin fin, con el medio ambiente, en términos narrativos. La construcción de la identidad de la persona inteligente implica la apropiación o la obtención de posiciones dentro de los relatos en que participa. Por tanto, el nuevo enfoque sostiene que la mente tiene una forma de funcionamiento según el significado que le atribuye la experiencia, conforme a su situación en la matriz social y a sus propias prácticas, de las que se alimenta. Modelos clásicos de IA orientados a resolver problemas pueden ser considerados casos especiales de las prácticas narrativas en un lugar o fundamentos ontológicos. Hay implicaciones en la representación y en la práctica de esta perspectiva que han hecho aumentar la confianza hacia una nueva forma, la de una IA “fuerte”.Peer Reviewe

Entraining Neural Oscillations: Altering Auditory Perception with Amplitude Modulated Stimuli

From the Washington University Senior Honors Thesis Abstracts (WUSHTA), Spring 2018. Published by the Office of Undergraduate Research. Joy Zalis Kiefer, Director of Undergraduate Research and Associate Dean in the College of Arts & Sciences; Lindsey Paunovich, Editor; Helen Human, Programs Manager and Assistant Dean in the College of Arts and Sciences Mentor: Jonathan Peell

Unearthing early Haitian Creole literature: The literary, linguistic and sociocultural significance of Ti-Jak by Carrié Paultre

The name Carrié Paultre and his works are virtually absent from the Haitian Creole literary canon. Nevertheless, his novellas and short stories make up an important component of early Haitian Creole literary production, with his earliest novella published in 1965, a significant ten years before the publication of Dézafi by Frankétienne. In this paper, my intent is not to supplant Dézafi and other early Haitian Creole novels or diminish their importance, but rather to draw attention to a neglected wealth of Haitian Creole literature preceding the publication of formal novels. In doing so, I hope to open up a dialogue that explores the works of Carrié Paultre, their significance to Haitian Creole literature, and their value to the cultural and linguistic patrimony of Haiti. I specifically examine the importance of Ti-Jak by first justifying my categorization of it as a novella, then by discussing the literary contributions of Paultre in general and specifically concerning Ti-Jak, and positioning those works in their linguistic, national, cultural and literary contexts. To encourage the promulgation and study of Ti-Jak, I have produced a second, enhanced edition of the novella geared towards use both in Haitian classrooms and in scholarly research. This edition is found after the body of the thesis

The Influence of Tpsr Pedagogy on Student Learning

The purpose of this pilot study was to compare traditional and TPSR-based physical education instruction on sport skill and personal and social responsibility attribute development in elementary students. Two third grade classes were randomly assigned to either intervention (e.g. Responsibility-Based PE) or traditional PE. The same basketball unit was taught to each class by the same physical education teacher. The intervention class was framed through Hellison?s Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model. To assess the effects of teaching style (responsibility vs. traditional), average baseline responsibility scores and basketball skill scores were compared between intervention and traditional models using independent t tests. All data analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. There was a significant difference in post-intervention summary scores for TPSR (F = 42.71, p < 0.001). The sub-components of responsibility (selfcontrol, participation, effort, self-direction, and caring) all demonstrated significant differences at post-intervention (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in post-intervention basketball skills summary scores (F = 11.85, p = 0.01). The passing (p = 0.016) and safety (p < 0.001) demonstrated significant differences at post-intervention. There was no difference at post-intervention for dribbling (p = 0.46) or shooting (p = 0.19). The TPSR-based instruction model produced significant improvements in motor skill development with the added benefit of developing personal and social responsibility skills

Simple algebraic data types for C

ADT is a simple tool in the spirit of Lex and Yacc that makes algebraic data types and a restricted form of pattern matching on those data types as found in SML available in C programs. ADT adds runtime checks, which make C programs written with the aid of ADT less likely to dereference a NULL pointer. The runtime tests may consume a significant amount of CPU time; hence they can be switched off once the program is suitably debugged

Inspection of surface strain in materials using dense displacement fields

We have developed high density image processing techniques for finding the surface strain of an unprepared sample of material from a sequence of images taken during the application of force from a test rig. Not all motion detection algorithms have suitable functional characteristics for this task, as image sequences are characterised by both short- and long-range displacements, non-rigid deformations, as well as a low signal-to-noise ratio and methodological artefacts. We show how a probability-based motion detection algorithm can be used as a high confidence estimator of the strain tensor characterising the deformation of the material. An important issue discussed is how to minimise the number of image brightness differences that need to be calculated. We give results from three studies: mild steel under axial tension, the formation of kink bands in compressed carbon-fibre composite, and non-homogeneous strain fields in a welded aluminium alloy. Because the algorithm offers increased accuracy near motion contrast boundaries, its application has resulted in new mesomechanical observations

Assignment Methods for Incidence Calculus

AbstractIncidence calculus is a mechanism for probabilistic reasoning in which sets of possible worlds, called incidences, are associated with axioms, and probabilities are then associated with these sets. Inference rules are used to deduce bounds on the incidence of formulae which are not axioms, and bounds for the probability of such a formula can then be obtained. In practice an assignment of probabilities directly to axioms may be given, and it is then necessary to find an assignment of incidence which will reproduce these probabilities. We show that this task of assigning incidences can be viewed as a tree searching problem, and two techniques for performing this research are discussed. One of these is a new proposal involving a depth first search, while the other incorporates a random element. A Prolog implementation of these methods has been developed. The two approaches are compared for efficiency and the significance of their results are discussed. Finally we discuss a new proposal for applying techniques from linear programming to incidence calculus

<i>In situ</i> observation of strain and phase transformation in plastically deformed 301 austenitic stainless steel

To inform the design of superior transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels, it is important to understand what happens at the microstructural length scales. In this study, strain-induced martensitic transformation is studied by in situ digital image correlation (DIC) in a scanning electron microscope. Digital image correlation at submicron length scales enables mapping of transformation strains with high confidence. These are correlated with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) prior to and post deformation process to get a comprehensive understanding of the strain-induced transformation mechanism. The results are compared with mathematical models for enhanced prediction of strain-induced martensitic phase transformation