Master slave en-face OCT/SLO

Master Slave optical coherence tomography (MS-OCT) is an OCT method that does not require resampling of data and can be used to deliver en-face images from several depths simultaneously. As the MS-OCT method requires important computational resources, the number of multiple depth en-face images that can be produced in real-time is limited. Here, we demonstrate progress in taking advantage of the parallel processing feature of the MS-OCT technology. Harnessing the capabilities of graphics processing units (GPU)s, information from 384 depth positions is acquired in one raster with real time display of up to 40 en-face OCT images. These exhibit comparable resolution and sensitivity to the images produced using the conventional Fourier domain based method. The GPU facilitates versatile real time selection of parameters, such as the depth positions of the 40 images out of the set of 384 depth locations, as well as their axial resolution. In each updated displayed frame, in parallel with the 40 en-face OCT images, a scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) lookalike image is presented together with two B-scan OCT images oriented along rectangular directions. The thickness of the SLO lookalike image is dynamically determined by the choice of number of en-face OCT images displayed in the frame and the choice of differential axial distance between them

Two-Grating Talbot Bands Spectral Domain Interferometer

A configuration for Talbot bands is presented, where two tilted gratings replace the splitter normally used for recombining the signals from the two interferometer arms. The two optical beams from the interferometer are launched by two fiber leads tightly brought together in the front focal plane of a collimating lens. As the tips of the two fibers are slightly off-axis, the emergent beams after the collimating lens are not parallel. In combination with the two tilted gratings, the non parallel launching of the two beams leads to total elimination of mirror terms even when the two beams overlap on either grating. The effects of several geometrical parameters on the visibility performance versus optical path difference between the two arm lengths of the interferometer are evaluated

Versiones y tergiversaciones de Octavio Paz

The text looks for specify which kind of translator is Octavio Paz in his “versions” of French poetry. His translations are not an isolate part of his work, but a true side of his poetic creation. He considers the translation like a bridge over two poems, two languages and two poetic traditions. The comments which go with some translated poems try to offer the signs in rotation within the translation process and to set up an exceptional testimony of the experience of what translating means. They also offer an interesting discussion about what is an author in poetry.El texto se propone precisar qué clase de traductor es Octavio Paz en sus versiones de poesía francesa. Sus traducciones no son parte aislada de su obra, sino otra vertiente de su creación poética. Concibe la traducción como un puente entre dos poemas, dos lenguas y dos tradiciones poéticas. Los comentarios que acompañan determinadas versiones procuran mostrar los signos en rotación en el proceso de la traducción y constituyen un testimonio excepcional de la experiencia de traducir. Asimismo ofrecen una interesante discusión sobre la noción de autor en poesía

Complications and their prevention after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Department of Urology and Surgical Nephrology, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 6th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, May 12-14, 2016Introduction: Approximately 80-90% of reno-ureteral stones have for treatment indication Extra Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL). Like a therapeutic procedure, extracorporeal lithotripsy may be accompanied by complications. Most of this are minor complications, but in a lower percentage, major complications can be appear.Materials and methods: The study was made in the Urology and Nephrology Department of the Republican Clinical Hospital, during January 2015 and November 2015, on a group of 120 (65 male and 55 female, mean age 41,3 years) patients diagnosed with reno-ureteral lithiasis and treated with ESWL. The dimension of the calculi has varied between 0,6 and 15 mm. Were analyzed the complications after ESWL. Results: Hematoma is the most serious complication of extracorporeal lithotripsy, with a low incidence (0,83%). Acute pyelonephritis (3,33%) occurs either due to a pre-existing urinary infection, or by the release of germs located into the calculi during fragmentation. Flanc pain (98,3%) was the most common symptom was on the side were was made de ESWL. The pain disappear after 2-3 days with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. „Steinstrasse” (5.83%) was another complication and was resolved by administration of conservative treatment. Conclusions: ESWL is a safe method to treat stones when proper indications are followed. But when we have the complication after ESWL we must as soon as possible to find this complications and to treat as well

The role of the unexpired risk reserves and outstanding loss reserves in general insurance business

The intent of this article is to introduce the topic of both Unexpired Risk Reserve and loss Reserving, especially of the Incurred but not reported reserves (IBNR). We will focus on the purpose, common definitions and basic principles. We will explore the common techniques used by practicing actuaries in estimating of Unexpired Risk Reserve and loss reserves. Unexpired Risk Reserve is the present value of loss and expense payments to be provided for by premiums covering the period from the valuation date to expiry on all contracts in force on the valuation date. A loss reserve is a provision for an insurer’s liability for claims. Loss reserving is a major challenge to the casualty actuary because the estimation process involves not only complex technical tasks but considerable judgment as well. This are a critical point, as the actual financial reserves in the accounts has a direct impact on shareholder’s equity, solvency, and also on underwriting profit.reserves for unexpired risks, equalization loss reserves, outstanding loss reserves, IBNR, claim rate, average cost per claim method, run-off triangle

Swept source optical coherence tomography Gabor fusion splicing technique for microscopy of thick samples using a deformable mirror

We present a swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system at 1060 nm equipped with a wavefront sensor at 830 nm and a deformable mirror in a closed-loop adaptive optics (AO) system. Due to the AO correction, the confocal profile of the interface optics becomes narrower than the OCT axial range, restricting the part of the B-scan (cross section) with good contrast. By actuating on the deformable mirror, the depth of the focus is changed and the system is used to demonstrate Gabor filtering in order to produce B-scan OCT images with enhanced sensitivity throughout the axial range from a Drosophila larvae. The focus adjustment is achieved by manipulating the curvature of the deformable mirror between two user-defined limits. Particularities of controlling the focus for Gabor filtering using the deformable mirror are presented. © 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers

CSR and Consumers’ Expectations towards it – A Marketing Perspective

This review article aims to develop an integrating overview of the present status of the theory and research of the individuals` expectations of corporate social responsibility (CSR).  Given the veritable explosion of CSR research during the recent years, there is a genuine need for the field to take stock of what has been learned so far and what that implies in terms of consumers expectations and where researchers should be headed.  In order to clarify the concept of consumer`s expectations we analysed books and articles in leading economic journals. In the last years, expectations towards CSR have been increasing and, with this, the demand of having businesses behaves in a socially responsible manner. The main implications are the potential for adopting and incorporating CSR in the marketing and communications strategy of the company. In the paper, different theories are promoted, definitions and researches concerning the present status of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the individuals` expectations towards it, enriching the literature from this field of study.&nbsp

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) -a continuously evolving concept

Purpose – This article aims to develop and to popularize an overview of the present status of the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Design/methodology/approach – In order to clarify and to popularize the core concepts of CSR, articles in leading economic journals were analyzed. Findings – In the paper are promoted different theories and definitions concerning the present status of the corporate social responsibility(CSR). Research limitations/implications – The number and specific choice of journals was subject to a compromise between comprehensiveness and the availability of space for this article. Practical implications – As for many people CSR is fuzzy, with unclear boundaries, to clear things up, I proposed a series of definitions and theories that can form an overview of this concept. Originality/value – The article provides a brief analysis of the most important theories and definitions of CSR.Corporate social responsibility, consumer`s expectations, consumer behaviour

Complex Master Slave Interferometry

A general theoretical model is developed to improve the novel Spectral Domain Interferometry method denoted as Master/Slave (MS) Interferometry. In this model, two functions, g and h are introduced to describe the modulation chirp of the channeled spectrum signal due to nonlinearities in the decoding process from wavenumber to time and due to dispersion in the interferometer. The utilization of these two functions brings two major improvements to previous implementations of the MS method. A first improvement consists in reducing the number of channeled spectra necessary to be collected at Master stage. In previous MSI implementation, the number of channeled spectra at the Master stage equated the number of depths where information was selected from at the Slave stage. The paper demonstrates that two experimental channeled spectra only acquired at Master stage suffice to produce A-scans from any number of resolved depths at the Slave stage. A second improvement is the utilization of complex signal processing. Previous MSI implementations discarded the phase. Complex processing of the electrical signal determined by the channeled spectrum allows phase processing that opens several novel avenues. A first consequence of such signal processing is reduction in the random component of the phase without affecting the axial resolution. In previous MSI implementations, phase instabilities were reduced by an average over the wavenumber that led to reduction in the axial resolution