Study Abroad and Tourism:: US American Students in France, 1945–1970

Tourismusforschung beinhaltet oft Auslandsstudien, aber ihre Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede im Vergleich zu kommerziellem Tourismus und ihre Interdependenzen mit den Themenfeldern Gender und Sexualität verdienen eine genauere Untersuchung und Analyse. Dieser Aufsatz beschäftigt sich zu Beginn mit zwei wichtigen Themen in der Forschung zur Geschichte des Tourismus, die hinsichtlich Auslandsstudien maßgeblich sind: erstens mit der Unterscheidung zwischen elitärem (oder „sachkundigem“) Reisen und Massentourismus, und zweitens mit der Annahme, dass Tourismus eine Flucht aus dem Alltag darstellt. Ausgehend von Briefen, Archivmaterialien und mündlichen Interviews hauptsächlich von amerikanischen Frauen, die in Frankreich studierten, bestätigt diese Forschungsarbeit die Arbeiten von Harvey Levenstein und John Urry, die Selbstfindung als den Hauptantriebsgrund für und die Hauptfolge von Jugendreisen einschließlich Auslandsstudien betonen. Sie stellt zudem fest, dass andere Faktoren des nationalen Vergleichs, Gender und das Verständnis des „Andersartigen“ diese Selbstfindung inhaltlich bestimmen und zusätzliche Wirkungen von Auslandsstudien darstellen

Sexe, genre et sociabilité

Les séjours d’étude à l’étranger se sont développés après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Plus que d’autres formes de voyage, ils permettent aux jeunes adultes de s’immerger dans la culture et le quotidien d’un autre pays. Les jeunes femmes américaines qui ont étudié en France entre la fin des années 1940 et les années 1960 ont été marquées par les stéréotypes de genre et les pratiques sociales et sexuelles auxquels elles ont été confrontées. S’appuyant sur des entretiens oraux avec d’anciennes étudiantes et sur des lettres envoyées alors aux familles, cet article examine la manière dont ces Américaines ont négocié les différences culturelles, pour évaluer certains aspects de la culture française et se forger une identité individuelle plus indépendante et plus assurée.Study abroad flourished after World War ii and allowed young persons to become more involved in the culture and daily life of another country than did most other forms of travel. Young American women who studied in France from the late 1940s through most of the 1960s confronted gendered stereotypes and different social and sexual practices that marked their encounters with French people and culture. Based on oral interviews with former students and letters that students wrote to their families while studying in France, this essay reveals how young American women negotiated these differences to develop an appreciation for certain aspects of French culture and to construct more independent and self-confident individual identities

Measurement of Three Transport Coefficients and the Thermodynamic Factor in Block Copolymer Electrolytes with Different Morphologies.

The design and engineering of composite materials is one strategy to satisfy the materials needs of systems with multiple orthogonal property requirements. In the case of rechargeable batteries with lithium metal anodes, the system requires a separator with fast lithium ion transport and good mechanical strength. In this work, we focus on the system polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (SEO) with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI). Ion transport occurs in the salt-containing poly(ethylene oxide)-rich domains. Mechanical rigidity arises due to the glassy nature of polystyrene (PS). If we assume that the salt does not interact with the PS-rich domains, we can describe ion transport in the electrolyte by three transport parameters (ionic conductivity, κ, salt diffusion coefficient, D, and cation transference number, t+0) and a thermodynamic factor, Tf. By systematically varying the volume fraction of the conducting phase, ϕc between 0.29 and 1.0, and chain length, N between 80 and 8000, we elucidate the role of morphology on ion transport. We find that κ is the strongest function of morphology, varying by three full orders of magnitude, while D is a weaker function of morphology. To calculate t+0 and Tf, we measure the current fraction, ρ+, and the open circuit potential, U, of concentration cells. We find that ρ+ and U follow universal trends as a function of salt concentration, regardless of chain length, morphology, or ϕc, allowing us to calculate t+0 for any SEO/LiTFSI or PEO/LiTFSI mixture when κ and D are known. The framework developed in this paper enables predicting the performance of any block copolymer electrolyte in a rechargeable battery

The regular matroids with no 5-wheel minor

For r in {3, 4}, the class of binary matroids with no minor isomorphic to M(Wr), the rank-r wheel, has an easily described structure. This paper determines all graphs with no W5-minor and uses this to show that the class of regular matroids with no M(W5)-minor also has a relatively simple structure. © 1989

Ensemble coding of faces occurs in children and develops dissociably from coding of individual face identities

Ensemble coding allows adults to access useful information about average properties of groups, sometimes even in the absence of detailed representations of individual group members. This form of coding may emerge early in development with initial reports of ensemble coding for simple properties (size, numerosity) in young children and even infants. Here we demonstrate that ensemble coding of faces, which provides information about average properties of social groups, is already present in 6-8 year old children. This access to average information increases with age from 6 to 18 years and its development is dissociable from age-related improvements in the coding of individual face identities. This dissociation provides the first direct evidence that distinct processes underlie ensemble and individual coding of face identity, evidence that has been lacking from adult studies. More generally, our results add to the emerging evidence for impressively mature sensitivity to statistical properties of the visual environment in children. They indicate that children have access to gist information about social groups that may facilitate adaptive social behaviour

Recognize fruit damage from spotted wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii

A tool to help commercial fruit growers identify early damage caused by spotted wing Drosophila (SWD) on blueberries (Duke), raspberries (Malahat), strawberries (Seascape), cherries (Bing, Montmorency, and Rainier), and grapes (Pinot Noir, Chardonnay). Includes photos showing each fruit type a day or two after egg laying, 3 to 4 days later, and approximately 1 week after egg laying.Published December 2010. Reviewed February 2015. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

The Lantern Vol. 69, No. 1, Fall 2001

• Frets • Burn • The Amish-Man • City Children • Coasting West • Futile • Oxymoron • Fleeting Reflection • Pink Geraniums • Moving • Running: Arcola • Expectations • One Time Deal • We Slept • Faraway Field • My Own Giselle • My Father\u27s Will • Meet Me in Montana • Pride is a Lawn Mower • Gloss • 2% Low Fat • Bits of Tuesday • This is not a Pipe • What Ifs • Reconnection • A Bell Called Emily • The Elevatorhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1159/thumbnail.jp