Thermal and elastic properties of Cu–Zr–Be bulk metallic glass forming alloys

The compositional dependence of thermal and elastic properties of Cu–Zr–Be ternary bulk metallic glass forming alloys was systematically studied. There exists a linear relationship between the glass transition temperature Tg and the total Zr concentration. G decreases linearly with increasing Zr concentration as well. The results also show that Tg, shear modulus G, and Poisson's ratio nu are very sensitive to changes in compositions. Low Tg, low G, and relatively high nu can be achieved with high Zr and Ti concentration

Computational explorations in Thompson's group F

Here we describe the results of some computational explorations in Thompson's group F. We describe experiments to estimate the cogrowth of F with respect to its standard finite generating set, designed to address the subtle and difficult question whether or not Thompson's group is amenable. We also describe experiments to estimate the exponential growth rate of F and the rate of escape of symmetric random walks with respect to the standard generating set

Predictors and management of post-banding ulcer bleeding in cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Post-banding ulcer bleeding (PBUB) is an understudied complication of oesophageal varices endoscopic band ligation (EBL). This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed at: (a) evaluating the incidence of PBUB in patients with cirrhosis treated with EBL in primary or secondary prophylaxis or urgent treatment for acute variceal bleeding and (b) identifying predictors of PBUB. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of articles in English published in 2006-2022 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Searches were made in eight databases including Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to determine the incidence, mean interval and predictors of PBUB. RESULTS Eighteen studies (9034 patients) were included. The incidence of PBUB was 5.5% (95% CI 4.3-7.1). The mean time for it to occur was 11 days (95% CI 9.94-11.97). Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (OR 1.162, 95% CI 1.047-1.291) and EBL done in emergency setting (OR 4.902, 95% CI 2.99-8.05) independently predicted post-ligation ulcer bleeding. Treatment included drugs, endoscopic procedures and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Refractory bleeding was treated with self-expandable metallic stents or balloon tamponade. Mortality was on average 22.3% (95% CI 14.1-33.6). CONCLUSIONS Patients with high MELD score and receiving EBL in an emergency setting are more prone to develop PBUB. Prognosis is still poor and the best therapeutic strategy to address remains to be ascertained

Antimicrobial activity of Tagetes minuta L. - Compositae (Chinchilho) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

The decoct of Tagetes minuta L. - Compositae (Chinchilho) was submitted to serial dilutions in vitro for testing with the multiple tubes technique its antimicrobial activities - expressed by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericide Concentration (MBC)-, to different concentrations of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium) and Gram-negative (Salmonella Gallinarum, Escherichia coli) bacteria inocula. The statistical analysis showed, for part of decoct concentration / bacterial dilution combinations, that Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and Salmonella had major antimicrobial sensibility to decoct, demonstrating selective action. Escherichia revealed resistance to antimicrobial activities of the decoct, also under 10(4)cfu/ml inoculation levels. These data confirm the antiseptic qualities conferred to Tagetes minuta (Chinchilho) decoct by folks. It is possible its use either as antiseptic or disinfectant in animal health and production problematic-situations such as lack of resources or social economic exclusion.O decocto de Tagetes minuta L. - Compositae - (Chinchilho) foi submetido a testes de diluição serial com técnica de tubos múltiplos para determinação de atividade antimicrobiana - expressa em Concentração Inibidora Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) -, frente a diferentes diluições de inóculos de bactérias Gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium) e Gram-negativas (Salmonella Gallinarum e Escherichia coli). A análise estatística dos resultados mostrou, para parte das combinações concentrações do decocto/diluições do inóculo, que Staphylococcus, Enterococcus e Salmonella têm maior sensibilidade ao decocto como antimicrobiano, demonstrando ação de seletividade. E. coli demonstrou-se praticamente resistente à atividade antimicrobiana do decocto, mesmo reduzindo-se a concentração de seu inóculo abaixo de 10(4) ufc/ml. Confirma-se assim o atributo anti-séptico, conferido popularmente ao decocto de Tagetes minuta (Chinchilho), sugerindo-se a possibilidade da sua utilização como anti-séptico/desinfetante em situações-problemas específicas em saúde e em produção animal, relacionadas aos agentes testados, adequando-se inclusive a situações de carência de recursos econômicos ou de exclusão econômico-social

Concentrações inibitórias e bactericidas mínimas em filtrado de quefir artesanal

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Clinical Evaluation of a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Supporting Radiological Assessment of Hippocampal Sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of quantitative reports (QReports) on the radiological assessment of hippocampal sclerosis (HS) from MRI of patients with epilepsy in a setting mimicking clinical reality. METHODS The study included 40 patients with epilepsy, among them 20 with structural abnormalities in the mesial temporal lobe (13 with HS). Six raters blinded to the diagnosis assessed the 3T MRI in two rounds, first using MRI only and later with both MRI and the QReport. Results were evaluated using inter-rater agreement (Fleiss' kappa [Formula: see text]) and comparison with a consensus of two radiological experts derived from clinical and imaging data, including 7T MRI. RESULTS For the primary outcome, diagnosis of HS, the mean accuracy of the raters improved from 77.5% with MRI only to 86.3% with the additional QReport (effect size [Formula: see text]). Inter-rater agreement increased from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. Five of the six raters reached higher accuracies, and all reported higher confidence when using the QReports. CONCLUSION In this pre-use clinical evaluation study, we demonstrated clinical feasibility and usefulness as well as the potential impact of a previously suggested imaging biomarker for radiological assessment of HS

Otimização de processos de obtenção de quitosana a partir de resíduos da carcinicultura para aplicações ambientais

Neste trabalho abordou-se a utilização de um resíduo de carcinicultura, a carapaça de camarão, como fonte de quitina, precursor do biopolímero quitosana para o qual diversas aplicações têm sido estudadas e executadas nas mais diversas áreas, incluindo a ambiental, com destaque para o tratamento de efluentes para remoção de metais e corantes, biorremediação, entre outros destinos. Quitina foi preparada por desmineralização e desproteinação química, por métodos que demonstraram eficácia maior que 99%. Foram testados diferentes métodos de desacetilação visando à otimização do processo o que compreende menor geração de resíduos, menor tempo e custo reacional e obtenção de alto grau de desacetilação. Resultados preliminares revelam valores de grau médio de desacetilaçao entre 0 e 79% e apontam parâmetros importantes na etapa de desacetilação que ainda precisam ser variados e avaliados a fim de definir o melhor método, a ser utilizado em ensaios com aumento de escala

The Spectrum of NF1 Mutations in Korean Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common autosomal dominant disorders in humans. NF1 is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene which consists of 57 exons and encodes a GTPase activating protein (GAP), neurofibromin. To date, more than 640 different NF1 mutations have been identified and registered in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD). In order to assess the NF1 mutational spectrum in Korean NF1 patients, we screened 23 unrelated Korean NF1 patients for mutations in the coding region and splice sites of the NF1 gene. We have identified 21 distinct NF1 mutations in 22 patients. The mutations included 10 single base substitutions (3 missense and 7 nonsense), 10 splice site mutations, and 1 single base deletion. Eight mutations have been previously identified and thirteen mutations were novel. The mutations are evenly distributed across exon 3 through intron 47 of the NF1 gene and no mutational hot spots were found. This analysis revealed a wide spectrum of NF1 mutations in Korean patients. A genotype-phenotype correlation analysis suggests that there is no clear relationship between specific NF1 mutations and clinical features of the disease

Infusing mathematics with culture: Teaching technical subjects for social justice

How can disciplines that are commonly regarded as culturally neutral be taught in ways that connect technical content with social and cultural issues?Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57354/1/291_ftp.pd