Sistemas de armazenagem de milho para pequenas propriedades produtoras de suinos

Orientador: Jose Tadeu Jorge, Hacy Pinto BarbosaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia AgricolaResumo: Pesquisou-se os efeitos de sistemas de armazenamento de milho, sobre os danos quantitativos e qualitativos ocasionados pelos insetos, fungos e umidade, aos grãos armazenados. Os sistemas estudados foram: milho armazenado a granel (T1) e milho armazenado em. espiga sem a palha (T2) em silo metálico, milho armazenado com espiga em paiol de madeira (T3) e milho armazenado na lavoura (T4) com as plantas dobradas e as espigas voltadas para baixo. O experimento, foi conduzido no CNPSA-EMBRAPA em Concórdia SC, utilizou-se milho de variedade CARGIL 408. Nos tratamentos T1 e T2, secou-se o milho até atingir a umidade em torno de 13 % bu, enquanto que nos demais a secagem foi natural. Os tratamentos T1, T2 e T3 foram expurgados com fosfina, após um mês de armazenagem.O tempo de armazenamento estudado foi de 8 meses para todos os tratamentos com Exceção da armazenagem na lavoura que durou 6 meses. Os parâmetros estudados foram: umidade dos grãos, energia bruta, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra bruta, aminoácidos, perda de peso, grau de infestação de insetos e aflatoxina. As análises laboratoriais foram realizadas a cada 2 meses. Com exceção dos aminoácidos e , da aflatoxina, os demais parâmetros foram submetidos a análise estatística usando o SAS (1985), sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste "F". Os dados climatológicos foram obtidos junto a estação agrometeorológica do CNPSA-EMBRAPA. Observou-se que a média mensal da umidade relativa do ar durante O período do experimento situou-se sempre acima de 68 %. A maior perda de peso foi registrada no paiol (18,90%) e a menor no milho a granel (2,33 %) aos 8 meses de armazenagem. No milho armazenado na lavoura aos 6 meses a perda de peso foi de 13,50%, sendo de 6 vezes maior o valor registrador no mesmo período em relação ao sistema a granel. Conclui-se que a armazenagem de milho em silo a granel r apresentou as menores perdas quantitativas e qualitativas, quando comparado ao armazenamento em espiga sem palha, no paiol e na lavoura, respectivamente em ordem decrescenteAbstract: Research was conducted to study the efects of storage corn systems on quantitative and qualitative damage by insects, fungi and moisture content in storage of grains. The systems studied were: corn stored in bulk, (T1) and ear of corn stored without straw (T2) in metalic silos; corn stored with straw in wooden warenhouses (T3) and corn stored on aerobical conditions (in field) with fold plants and ears up side down (T4). The experiment was conducted in the CNPSA-EMBRAPA, Concórdia-SC, Brasil, and corn variety Cargil 408 was utilized. Treatment T1 and T2 the corn was artificially dried eiter harvest until the reached about 13%, whereas the others were naturally dried. The treatments T1, T2, and T3 after one month of storage were fumigated with phosphine. The storage time was 8 months, for all treatments, with exception of the treatment T4 that was stored by 6 months. The parameters studied were: grains moisture content, gross energy, grude protein, petroleum ether-extractable lipids, grude fiber, amino acids, weight loss, degree of insects damage and aflatoxin. Laboritory analysis were realized every 2 months. The data for each parameter with exception of amino acids and aflatoxin analysis, were analyzed by using the procedure of SAS (1985). F-Tests was used for comparisons of treatment means. The climatologics data were obtained on the observatory metereological station, in the CNPSA-EMBRAPA. The month average of relative humitity of air during the experimental period, it was always above 68%.The higher weight loss was observed in wooden warehouse (18,90%) and the lowest in corn stored in bulk 2,33%) in the 8 months of storage. The weight loss of corn stored on aerobical condition (in field) by 6 months was 13.50%, being of 6 times bigger than the observed during the same period as compared with those stored in bulk system. Based on the results obtained we conclued that corn stored in bulk on metalic silo system showed smaller quantitative and qualitative damage as compared with those ear of corns without straw under wooden warehouse as well as in field systems in decrescent order respectivellyMestradoMestre em Engenharia Agrícol

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Comparaison des systemes d'élevage des porcs sur litière de sciure ou caillebotis intégral

*INRA, Unité Sol et Agronomie de Rennes-Quimper, 65 rue de St-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex Diffusion du document : INRA, Unité Sol et Agronomie de Rennes-Quimper, 65 rue de St-Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex Diplôme : Dr. Ing