Swimming Exercise in the Acute or Late Phase after Sciatic Nerve Crush Accelerates Nerve Regeneration

There is no consensus about the best time to start exercise after peripheral nerve injury. We evaluated the morphological and functional characteristics of the sciatic nerves of rats that began to swim immediately after crush nerve injury (CS1), those that began to swim 14 days after injury (CS14), injured rats not submitted to swimming (C), and uninjured rats submitted to swimming (S). After 30 days the number of axons in CS1 and CS14 was lower than in C (P < 0.01). The diameter of axons and nerve fibers was larger in CS1 (P < 0.01) and CS14 (P < 0.05) than in C, and myelin sheath thickness was lower in all crushed groups (P < 0.05). There was no functional difference between CS1 and CS14 (P > 0.05). Swimming exercise applied during the acute or late phase of nerve injury accelerated nerve regeneration and synaptic elimination after axonotmesis, suggesting that exercise may be initiated immediately after injury

Swimming exercise in the acute or late phase after sciatic nerve crush accelerates nerve regeneration

There is no consensus about the best time to start exercise after peripheral nerve injury. We evaluated the morphological and functional characteristics of the sciatic nerves of rats that began to swim immediately after crush nerve injury (CS1), those that began to swim 14 days after injury (CS14), injured rats not submitted to swimming (C) and uninjured rats submitted to swimming (S). After 30 days the number of axons in CS1 and CS14 was lower than in C (P &lt; 0.01). The diameter of axons and nerve fibers was larger in CS1 (P &lt; 0.01) and CS14 (P &lt; 0.05) than in C, and myelin sheath thickness was lower in all crushed groups (P &lt; 0.05). There was no functional difference between CS1 and CS14 (P &gt; 0.05). Swimming exercise applied during the acute or late phase of nerve injury accelerated nerve regeneration and synaptic elimination after axonotmesis, suggesting that exercise may be initiated immediately after injury

Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement : a systematic review of comparative studies

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of piezocision in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and its possible adverse effects. The Databases Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and LILACS were searched until March 2019, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that used piezocision associated with orthodontic treatment. A manual search was also performed. The search, studies selection, assessment of risk of bias and data collection were carried out by two independent reviewers. Eleven publications were included in this review (4 CCTs and 7 RCTs). No study presented low risk of bias. Different types of tooth movement were evaluated: lower anterior alignment, en-masse retraction, overall orthodontic treatment and canine distalization. A total of 240 participants were analyzed in the included studies. Seven studies found significant acceleration in the piezocision group, while two studies found no differences. Adverse effects regarding patient?s satisfaction, pain perception, or worsening of periodontal parameters were not observed. There was no consensus concerning anchorage loss and root resorption. The literature does not provide high-quality evidence to confirm that Piezocision results in significant OTM acceleration. Therefore, high-quality RCTs should be conducted to allow reliable conclusions about the effects of piezocision in orthodontics

EXPOSIÇÃO SOLAR E ENVELHECIMENTO PRECOCE EM TRABALHADORES PRAIANOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SALINÓPOLIS/PA

Objetivo: Identificar a presença do envelhecimento precoce de pele em pescadores de Salinópolis/PA. Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada com 275 pescadores, de 18 a 59 anos, no período de março a maio de 2016, sendo aplicados dois questionários: “Protocolo de Avaliação Facial – PAF” e “Hábitos de exposição e fotoproteção solar”, ambos modificados pelas pesquisadoras. Resultados: Foi observada prevalência de trabalhadores praianos de 26 a 35 anos (36%), pele parda (70%), fototipo III (64%) e com a presença de fotoenvelhecimento (61%), que se expunham diariamente ao sol (97%), não possuíam cuidados com a pele (91%) e não usavam protetor solar (92%). Os voluntários relataram que não gostavam de aplicar protetor solar (59%) e desconheciam que a radiação ultravioleta causava envelhecimento da pele (60%), manchas na pele (54%) ou câncer (56%). Conclusão: A maioria dos pescadores não utilizavam fotoprotetores e apresentavam fotoenvelhecimento com predisposição a desenvolver câncer de pele

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Patologias atuais: a compulsão e a sociedade dos excessos: Current pathologies: compulsion and the society of excesses

O artigo em tela tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biopsicossociais da conduta compulsiva de consumo. Propõe-se a apresentar os elementos psicológicos contidos nesse comportamento, além de verificar quais são os resultados decorrentes dessa compulsão. O consumo compulsivo, também chamado de oniomania, é um transtorno causado pela ansiedade despertada pela necessidade de comprar e saciada, somente, quando é materializada a aquisição daquilo que se deseja comprar. O estudo em questão pode ser classificado como sendo de cunho bibliográfico, a partir da análise de documentos publicados em forma de artigos científicos e livros em formato digital

O perfil semiológico do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta

OBJETIVO: O seguinte estudo objetivou descrever a semiologia do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta, considerando como determinante na avaliação de potencias focos hemorrágicos. METODOLOGIA: Foram realizadas buscas nas plataformas do SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar,utilizando os descritores gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcerous disease e varicose hemorrhage, sendo identificados 35 estudos, dos quais foram incluídos 13 artigos completos. Desses estudos, 5 avaliaram as principais etiologias, 2 o surgimento de novos testes diagnósticos, 2 analisaram os aspectos epidemiológicos e 1 a sintomatologia apresentada pelo acometimento da hemorragia digestiva alta. Observou-se inicialmente a abundâncias de informações conceituais sobre o sangramento, como um transtorno clínico comum, acompanhada de inúmeras manifestações, considerando que o foco hemorrágico pode ocorrer em qualquer porção do trato gastrointestinal. Neste estudo, todas as publicações eleitas apresentaram o quadro semiológico composto por algia abdominal, indícios de choque hipovolêmico e taquicardia, alguns exibiram quedas abruptas da pressão arterial, odinofagia, êmese, náuseas e estado ictérico. Os pacientes implicados, cronicamente, já manifestaram ocorrências prévias, devido ao caráter recidivante torna-se essencial investigar a existência de varizes, fístula aorto-entérica, angiodisplasia e doença ulcerosa. CONCLUSÃO: Elucida-se que a hemorragia digestiva alta representa a principal causa de sangramento do trato gastrointestinal, majoritamente manifesta-se como hematêmese ou melena e cursam com o quadro sintomatológico que auxilia na avaliação da gravidade deste e o embasamento de potenciais focos de sangramento e que contribuam para disseminação de informações e intervenções futuras

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic