CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO MERCADO DE AQUICULTURA ORNAMENTAL E AQUARIOFILIA NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

A expansão do aquarismo no Brasil tem impulsionado o desenvolvimento do setor de aquicultura ornamental, extrativismo e comércio de animais e produtos. Para tanto, é fundamental que haja uma identificação desse mercado, indicando o volume produzido e comercializado além de sua caracterização. Foram aplicados formulários entre produtores, lojistas, revendedores e distribuidores do Rio Grande do Norte com perguntas relativas ao perfil de mercado, produção, comercialização e legalização de suas atividades. Ao todo foram identificados 41 envolvidos na cadeia produtiva sendo a maioria produtores ou lojistas de pequeno porte. Os dados apresentados podem subsidiar políticas públicas de fomento, controle e fiscalização da atividade tornando a aquariofilia uma atividade sustentável e fortalecida nos diferentes elos da cadeia produtiva

Association Between Dental Caries Experience and Socioeconomic Determinants on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Children and their Families

Objective: To assess the association between dental caries experience, severe dental caries experience and socioeconomic determinants on oral health-related quality of life among children and their families. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study whose sample was composed of children aged 4-12 years, who sought dental care in a dentistry school clinic, and their parents/caregivers. Dental caries experience and severe dental caries experience were assessed according to the DMF-T/dmf-t indexes. Parents/caregivers answered the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ), the Family Impact Scale (FIS) and a questionnaire on socioeconomic and demographic conditions. Data analysis included the chi-square test and Poisson regression (PR). Results: The sample was composed of 105 children and their parents/caregivers. Severe dental caries experience in children was determinant for negative perception of children's OHRQoL by parents/caregivers (PR = 1.22; CI = 1.05-1.41). Negative impact on OHRQoL perceived by family members was determined by severe dental caries experience in children (PR = 1.22; CI = 1.05-1.42) and family income <5 minimum wage (PR = 1.32; CI = 1.08-1.61). Conclusion: Severe dental caries experience was associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL perceived by children and their families. Low family income was associated with a negative impact on the OHRQoL perceived by children and their families

Genetics and molecular study in group of patients with malformations of cerebral cortex

OBJECTIVES: Malformations of cerebral cortex (MCC) are an important cause of epilepsy. Our main goals were: to search for mutations in genes responsible for MCC (FLN1, LIS1, DCX and EMX2), to map the locus for familial perisylvian polymicrogyria and to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the mutations identified. Methods: Mutation screening was performed by PCR, DHPLC and sequencing. HUMARA and Real Time PCR were performed to study the molecular mechanisms of mutations. Linkage analysis was carried out by PCR, Fragment profiler® and MLINK® software. RESULTS: Deleterious mutations were identified in 3/108 patients. We found a G987C splicing mutation in the FLN1 in two related patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia. Skewed X-chromosome inactivation was detected as the possible mechanism responsible for clinical differences observed in the two patients. An A1385C transversion (H277P) in LIS1 was identified in one patient with lisencephaly. Only neutral variants were identified in DCX and EMX2. Linkage analysis has detected a locus in Xq27.2-Xq27.3 for familial polymicrogyria. CONCLUSION: We believe that the low frequency of mutations identified may be due to mosaicism, mutations in non-coding regions, deletions and patients with atypical neuroimaging findings. Deleterious mutations in EMX2 were not found in patients with schizencephaly and polymicrogyria. We found a locus for familial perisylvian polymicrogyria in Xq27.2-Xq27.3.OBJETIVOS: As malformações do córtex cerebral (MCC) são uma causa importante de epilepsia. Nossas metas foram: triagem de mutações em genes associados às MCC (FLN1, LIS1, DCX e EMX2), investigar funcionalmente as mutações e mapear o locus para polimicrogiria perisylviana familiar. MÉTODOS: A triagem de mutações foi realizada por PCR, DHPLC e sequênciamento. Estudo funcional foi realizado por RT-PCR, PCR em tempo real e HUMARA. O estudo de ligação foi realizado por PCR e análise com programas Fragment Profiler® e MLINK®. RESULTADOS: Mutações deletérias foram identificadas em 3/108 pacientes. Uma mutação de splicing (G987C) em FLN1 foi identificada em duas pacientes aparentadas com heterotopia nodular periventricular. Mudança no padrão de inativação do cromossomo X é responsável pelas diferenças clínicas entre as pacientes. Uma substituição A1385C (H277P) foi identificada em LIS1 em um indivíduo com lissencefalia. Alterações neutras foram identificadas em DCX e EMX2. A análise de ligação identificou um locus em Xq27.2-Xq27.3 para polimicrogiria familiar. CONCLUSÃO: Mosaicismo, mutações em regiões não codificantes, deleções, rearranjos e casos atípicos podem estar contribuindo para a baixa freqüência de mutações identificadas. Esquizencefalia e polimicrogiria parecem não ter base genética relacionada com o gene EMX2. Um novo locus candidato em Xq27.2-Xq27.3 foi identificado para polimicrogiria perisylviana familiar.101105Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ