Claudio de Cilly, " Maréchal des Logis" de Carlos V: su casa de Valladolid y su colección artística

A través de la documentación encontrada se revela la poderosa personalidad de Claudio de Cilly, Maréchal des Logis de Carlos V, cuyas formas de comportamiento y aficiones reflejan el tiempo en el que vivió. Por la misma función del cargo que ocupó en la Casa Real, viajó siempre con el Emperador. De origen flamenco, murió en Bruselas en 1553. En Valladolid, frecuente sede de la Corte imperial, edificó su casa, donde reunió una gran colección artística, en la que predominó la pintura y donde hubo ciertas piezas de escultura singulares. También fue experto en cetrería y muy aficionado a los caballos.Through the documentation found, one can been able to discover the strong character of Claude de Cilly, Maréchal des Logis of Charles V, whose way of living and interests reflected his environment and his time. He always travelled with the Emperor, due to his function and work at the Royal House. Flemish, he died in Brussels in 1553. He built his house in Valladolid, where the Imperial Court was established. He owned a great artistic collection, painting above all and some rares sculptures. He was an expert in falconery and very fond of horses

La familia de Rodrigo de la Maza, canteros trasmeranos

Cada día, según avanza la investigación de los protocolos notariales de Valladolid, especialmente en el siglo XVI, se perfilan con más claridad aspectos importantes relacionados con el Arte y con las personas que emigran a América. En este caso doy a conocer a Rodrigo de la Maza que había ya muerto en 1562, cantero de Transmiera, de San Pantaleón de Aras (Santander), y a sus hijos: Rodrigo, Francisco, estante en las Indias, Hernando, Juan y Andrés, dedicados al menos tres de ellos, como su padre, al arte de la cantería.Every day, as it advances the investigation of the notarial protocols of Valladolid, specially in the century XVI, important aspects, related to the Art and the persons who emigrated to America, are outlined with more clarity. In this case, I give to knowing Rodrigo de la Maza, who had died already in 1562, from Transmiera, Santander, stonecutter in San Pantaleón de Aras, and his children: Rodrigo, Francisco, who lived in the Indies, Hernando, Juan and Andrés, dedicated at least three of them, as their father, to the art of the stonework

El maestre Antón relojero de Valladolid en la primera mitad del siglo XVI

La consulta de los protocolos notariales del siglo XVI existentes en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Valladolid y de los fondos de Hacienda, en ese mismo Archivo, así como los libros parroquiales de ese tiempo en el Archivo General Diocesano, igualmente de Valladolid, permiten conocer al relojero y a su familia, así como parte de sus obras, con cuya ejecución ganó merecida fama en su tiempo.A documentary data base found in 16th century notarial records in the Provincial Historic Archive and consultation of the parish documents of the General Diocesan Archive, both in Valladolid, leave to know this watchmaker and his family, and some of his works, whose performance won a deserved reputation in his time

La fundación del convento de San José de Medina de Rioseco (Valladolid)

El convento de San José de Carmelitas Descalzas fue fundado en Medina de Ríoseco (Valladolid) a fines del siglo XVI, gracias a la generosidad de una mujer llamada María de la Fuente o también María Rica, natural de Ventosa (Valladolid), casada con Melchor de Monroy, natural de Alaejos (Valladolid), ambos muy hacendados. Al enviudar de éste y habiendo muerto sus hijos y padres, decidió dejar todos sus bienes para la fundación de un nuevo convento de Carmelitas Descalzas. Este convento, por Real Orden, se edificaría en Medina de Ríoseco y no en Tordesillas, donde en principio se había solicitado. Ingresó también ella en la Orden, en el convento de Carmelitas Descalzas de Salamanca, tomando el nombre de María de la Purificación. Exigió Da María, antes de profesar, que el convento que se debía fundar, estuviese bajo el patrocinio de San José y que, realizada la nueva fundación, se la trasladase a ella. Asimismo, que después de su muerte, se la enterrase con su marido y padres, en medio de la capilla mayor de la iglesia de ese convento, sin que se permitiera jamás a nadie, por ningún motivo, enterrarse allí; aunque sólo sus armas deberían figurar sobre la lápida de su tumba. La ausencia de sus escudos en la capilla mayor contribuyó a que pasase desapercibida su fundación, atribuyéndosela a Da Victoria Colonna, que posteriormente colocó sus escudos, sobre la fachada de la iglesia del convento.The Discalced Carmelites convent of Saint Joseph was founded by María de la Fuente, also known as María Rica, in Medina de Rioseco (Valladolid), in the last years of the 16th century. María de la Fuente was born in Ventosa (Valladolid) and married Melchor de Monroy, from another village called Alaejos (Valladolid); both of them were wealthy people. When María de la Fuente became a widow and after her son s and parents died, she decided to devote all of her properties to the fondation of Carmelites' convent and enter the Religious Order with the name of María de la Purificación. The donation was conditionated to the accomplishment of the following requirements: the convent should be under the protection of Saint Joseph; she should move in the new convent and, after her death, she should be buried in the centre of the main chapel; her husband and parents should be buried next to her and nobody could be buried there anymore in the future; her coat of arms would be the only sign on her grave. The absence of family heraldic bearings in the Main Chapel contributed to fact that the donation of Da María de la Fuente went unnoticed, being attributed to Da Victoria Colonna who placed, at a later time, her own coat of arms on the Convent's façade

On the inertia of power electronics converters

Electrical power systems are going through a transition in its energy matrix. Renewable energy sources based generation and distributed generation grow in number. There is a concern among academics and system operators that the lack of spinning mass’ inertia in these new generating units will negatively contribute to frequency stability in electrical power systems. However, there is not an adequate established method for quantifying the contribution a power electronics based generating unit provides to grid frequency stability. This work seeks to define such a method and to analyze control techniques from the point of view of contribution to electrical power systems frequency stability.Os sistemas elétricos de potência passam por um momento de transição da matriz energética. Crescem em número as unidades de geração baseadas em fontes renováveis de energia e as unidades de geração distribuída. Há uma preocupação entre acadêmicos e operadores do sistema elétrico de que a falta da inércia de uma massa girante nessas novas unidades geradoras contribua negativamente para a estabilidade de frequência de sistemas elétricos de potência. Entretanto, não há um meio adequado estabelecido de quantificar a contribuição de uma unidade geradora baseada em eletrônica de potência à estabilidade de frequência da rede. Este trabalho busca a definição de tal meio e a análise de técnicas de controle sob a perspectiva da contribuição à estabilidade de frequência de sistemas elétricos de potência

Banality and intersubjectivity in art

This article aims to reflect on the banality of art in its quotidianity. It attempts to question by what social dynamics the common, the banal and the quotidian can come to have artistic value. The answer we seek to build for the question, observes this sensation in its dynamics of sociation, that is, as a bond, as a structure of the collective and experiential character of social life. By understanding the phenomenon as a total social fact, we can say that it is engendered and simultaneously engenders the societal bond in an intersubjective procedure that produces the shared sense

Subversão e continuidade na poesia de Wendy Cope

Livro de homenagem à professora Maria Laura Bettencourt Pire

Financial interdependencies and causality in the European Union

The main objectives of this paper are the study of foreign direct investment (FDI) among several UE countries, the appreciation of the interdependencies among them, the integration and co-integration of the FDI export series, in order to try to discover whose economies are the financial engines of the EU, the appreciation of the way of absorption of the FDI in the destiny countries of this money, the way that the economies found to regain the equilibrium after a foreign investment stimulus. In methodological terms the paper uses the VAR modelling theory, it optimizes the lag length, it uses the SURE method to estimate the parameters, it appreciates the IRF (functions), it uses the Granger causality and the Cholesky Variance Decomposition to study the degree of dependence or of independence of one economy against the others. Before this, it studies the stationarity, the integration and the co-integration of the series

Three Dimensional Equation of State for Core-Collapse Supernova Matter

The core-collapse supernova (CCSN) phenomenon, one of the most explosive events in the Universe, presents a challenge to theoretical astrophysics. Stellar matter in supernovae, experiencing most extreme pressure and temperature, undergoes transformations that cannot be simulated in terrestrial laboratories. Construction of astrophysical models is the only way towards comprehension of CCSN. The key microscopic input into CCSN models is the Equation of State (EoS), connecting the pressure of stellar matter to the energy density and temperature, dependent upon its composition. Of the large variety of forms of CCSN matter, we focus on the transitional region between homogeneous and inhomogeneous phases. Here the nuclear structures undergo a series of changes in shape from spherical to exotic deformed forms: rods, slabs, cylindrical holes and bubbles, termed “nuclear pasta”. We perform a three-dimensional, finite temperature Skyrme-Hartree-Fock + BCS (3D-SHF) study of the inhomogeneous nuclear matter, where we calculate self-consistently the nuclear pasta phase and determine the phase transition between pasta and uniform matter and its character. As the nuclear matter properties depend on the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction in the 3D-SHF model, we employ four different parametrizations of the Skyrme interaction, SkM*, SLy4, NRAPR and SQMC700. For each of these interactions we calculate free energy, pressure, entropy and chemical potentials in the space of particle number densities, temperatures and proton fractions, expected to cover the pasta region. The available data analysed are for particle number densities 0.02 - 0.12 fm−3 [reciprocal of cubic fermi], temperatures 0 - 10 MeV and a proton fraction equal to 0.3. The data indicate a distinct discontinuity in the first derivatives of the free energy, which can be interpreted as a fingerprint of the first order transition between inhomogeneous and homogeneous supernova matter. This transition occurs naturally in our model, without a need for thermodynamic constructions. However, the transitions between distinct pasta formations are much less pronounced and hard to detect with certainty